Python从py模块读取所有导入语句的简单方法

Question

我正在尝试创建一个辅助函数来读取文件并模拟单元测试的所有导入。我必须读取文件与导入，因为我在 python 路径上没有这些东西。

示例代码：

---

#module.py
import com.stackoverflow.question
from com.stackoverflow.util import test_func
from com.stackoverflow.util import TestClass

---

#magic helper: what i want
magic = process('<path_to>/module.py')
for module in magic.modules_as_strings():
    #todo  would have to recuirsively add each path
    # so i would first create com, then com.stackoverflow, etc
    setattr(self, module, StubModules(module)
for obj in magic.sink:
    #these would be "from"  from x import Y
    #its basically just creating self.Y = object
    setattr(self, object)

上面是模拟代码，我真的在寻找将文件标记为“from/import 语句”的最佳方法，

这有意义吗？我知道我可以逐行读取文件，但我希望有一种更干净/简洁的方式。

如果您有任何疑问，请告诉我。

Answer 1

使用 AST 模块，非常简单：

import ast
from collections import namedtuple

Import = namedtuple("Import", ["module", "name", "alias"])

def get_imports(path):
    with open(path) as fh:        
       root = ast.parse(fh.read(), path)

    for node in ast.iter_child_nodes(root):
        if isinstance(node, ast.Import):
            module = []
        elif isinstance(node, ast.ImportFrom):  
            module = node.module.split('.')
        else:
            continue

        for n in node.names:
            yield Import(module, n.name.split('.'), n.asname)

对于这样的模块：

from coco import bunny
from coco.bungy import carrot
from meta import teta
from rocket import spaceship as sp
import bingo
import com.stackoverflow
import motorbike as car
import module1, module2

s="a random variable"

def func():
    """And a function"""

输出是:

>>> for imp in get_imports("/path/to/file.py"): print imp
Import(module=['coco'], name=['bunny'], alias=None)
Import(module=['coco', 'bungy'], name=['carrot'], alias=None)
Import(module=['meta'], name=['teta'], alias=None)
Import(module=['rocket'], name=['spaceship'], alias='sp')
Import(module=[], name=['bingo'], alias=None)
Import(module=[], name=['com', 'stackoverflow'], alias=None)
Import(module=[], name=['motorbike'], alias='car')
Import(module=[], name=['module1'], alias=None)
Import(module=[], name=['module2'], alias=None)