Maven:javac:源版本 1.6 需要目标版本 1.6
注意:这似乎是“javac”程序中的限制。
我有需要为 Java 5 JVM 构建的 Java 6 代码。我之前使用 javac ant 目标(使用 JDK 编译器和 ecj)的工作让我相信这只是为 javac 设置源和目标的问题。因此,这个 pom.xml 片段:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.5</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
在具有 Maven 支持的 Eclipse 3.7 中按预期工作。不幸的是,直接从命令行运行 Maven 给出的
javac: source release 1.6 requires target release 1.6
结果与 javac -source 1.6 -target 1.5 生成的结果相同。澄清一下,这是 Ubuntu 的官方 OpenJDK 6
x@JENKINS:~$ javac -version
javac 1.6.0_20
x@JENKINS:~$ javac -source 1.6 -target 1.5
javac: source release 1.6 requires target release 1.6
x@JENKINS:~$
Windows 的官方 Oracle Java 7 JDK 显示了相同的行为。
注意:我不想针对 Java 5 库或任何东西进行构建。只是活动的 javac 生成 Java 5 兼容的字节码。
如何获得我想要的同时仍然与 Eclipse Maven 插件兼容?
(编辑:除了 @Override 之外,我还想在使用时针对 Java 6 中的 JAX-WS 库进行编译,但仍然生成 Java 5 字节代码 - 然后我可以在部署时在 Web 容器中故意添加 JAX-WS 库到 Java 5 安装)
编辑:事实证明,maven-compiler-plugin 可以被告知使用另一个编译器,并且 Eclipse 编译器可以执行以下操作:
<plugin>
<!-- Using the eclipse compiler allows for different source and target,
which is a good thing (outweighing that this is a rarely used combination,
and most people use javac) This should also allow us to run maven builds
on a JRE and not a JDK. -->
<!-- Note that initial experiments with an earlier version of maven-compiler-plugin
showed that the eclipse compiler bundled with that gave incorrect lines in
the debug information. By using a newer version of the plexus-compiler-eclipse
plugin this is hopefully less of an issue. If not we must also bundle a newer
version of the eclipse compiler itself. -->
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.5</target>
<debug>true</debug>
<optimize>false</optimize>
<fork>true</fork>
<compilerId>eclipse</compilerId>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
<artifactId>plexus-compiler-eclipse</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
将类编译为 Java 1.5 字节码,而不会出现任何抱怨。 Eclipse Java EE 4.2.2 的 m2e 也支持“开箱即用”。
编辑:我发现 javadoc 工具最不喜欢 Eclipse 编译器的输出。
编辑2015-06-28:我最近做了一个快速测试,最新的ecj(对应Eclipse 4.4)与javadoc配合良好。
NOTE: This appears to be a limit in the "javac" program.
I have Java 6 code that needs to be built for a Java 5 JVM. My previous work with the javac ant target (both with the JDK compiler and with ecj) led me to believe that it would simply be a matter of setting source and target for javac. Hence this pom.xml fragment:
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.5</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
which works as expected from within Eclipse 3.7 with Maven support. Unfortunately, running Maven directly from the command line give me
javac: source release 1.6 requires target release 1.6
which is the same as generated by javac -source 1.6 -target 1.5
. To clarify, this is the official OpenJDK 6 for Ubuntu
x@JENKINS:~$ javac -version
javac 1.6.0_20
x@JENKINS:~$ javac -source 1.6 -target 1.5
javac: source release 1.6 requires target release 1.6
x@JENKINS:~$
The official Oracle Java 7 JDK for Windows show the same behavior.
Note: I do not want to build against Java 5 libraries or anything. Just that the active javac generates Java 5 compatible bytecode.
How do I get what I want while still being compatible with the Eclipse Maven plugin?
(EDIT: In addition to the @Override I also want to compile against the JAX-WS libraries in Java 6 when used, but still generated Java 5 byte code - I can then add the JAX-WS libraries deliberately in the web container when deploying to a Java 5 installation)
EDIT: It turns out that maven-compiler-plugin can be told to use another compiler, and the Eclipse compiler can do this:
<plugin>
<!-- Using the eclipse compiler allows for different source and target,
which is a good thing (outweighing that this is a rarely used combination,
and most people use javac) This should also allow us to run maven builds
on a JRE and not a JDK. -->
<!-- Note that initial experiments with an earlier version of maven-compiler-plugin
showed that the eclipse compiler bundled with that gave incorrect lines in
the debug information. By using a newer version of the plexus-compiler-eclipse
plugin this is hopefully less of an issue. If not we must also bundle a newer
version of the eclipse compiler itself. -->
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.5</target>
<debug>true</debug>
<optimize>false</optimize>
<fork>true</fork>
<compilerId>eclipse</compilerId>
</configuration>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.plexus</groupId>
<artifactId>plexus-compiler-eclipse</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</plugin>
which compiles the class to Java 1.5 bytecode without complaints. This is also supported "out of the box" for m2e for Eclipse Java EE 4.2.2.
EDIT: I found that of all things the javadoc tool dislikes the output from the Eclipse compiler.
EDIT 2015-06-28: I did a quick test recently and the latest ecj (corresponding to Eclipse 4.4) worked fine with javadoc.
如果你对这篇内容有疑问,欢迎到本站社区发帖提问 参与讨论,获取更多帮助,或者扫码二维码加入 Web 技术交流群。

绑定邮箱获取回复消息
由于您还没有绑定你的真实邮箱,如果其他用户或者作者回复了您的评论,将不能在第一时间通知您!
发布评论
评论(6)
限制在于javac。解决方案是告诉maven使用另一个编译器。详情请参阅问题。
The limitation is in javac. The solution is to tell maven to use another compiler. See question for details.
看来如果你想进行交叉编译,你需要提供几个额外的参数 -bootclasspath 和 -extdirs,尽管我相信你只需要第一个。有关使用 Javac 的信息和示例,请参见此处 以及附加选项的说明 此处(交叉编译选项部分)。
然后,您需要为您的 maven-compiler-plugin 配置这些选项。据我了解,您需要将插件设置为 fork,以便它将使用编译器参数而不是内置编译器。您可以在此处找到所有选项的列表
It seems if you want to do cross compilation you need to supply a couple of extra arguments -bootclasspath and -extdirs, although I believe you only need the first. For using Javac and example can be found here with an explanation of the additional options here (Cross-Compilation Options section).
You would then need to configure these options for your maven-compiler-plugin. From what I understand you need to set to plugin to fork so that it will use the compiler arguments rather than the built in compiler. You can find a listing of all the options here
我相信您还需要设置
-bootclasspath
,以便javac
针对 JDK 1.5 引导类进行编译。尝试:
更新:
尝试删除
-source
选项,但保留-target
选项。我刚刚测试了一下:
I believe you need to set
-bootclasspath
as well so thatjavac
compiles against JDK 1.5 bootstrap classes.Try:
UPDATE:
Try removing the
-source
option, but keep the-target
option.I just tested it out:
您使用的哪些 Java 6 语言功能是 Java 5 中没有的?据我所知,该语言中添加的唯一“功能”是在
接口
中使用@Override
注释。否则,Java 6 和 Java 5 是源兼容的。 使用:时会发生什么?当您在 Maven 构建文件中
What Java 6 language features are you using that are not present in Java 5? As far as I can tell, the only "feature" that's been added to the language is the use of the
@Override
annotation ininterface
s. Otherwise, Java 6 and Java 5 are source-compatible. What happens when you use:in your Maven build file?
当我升级 IntelliJ IDE 时,我遇到了同样的错误,通过将 1.5 替换为 1.6 来修复,如下所示。
I had the same error when I upgraded my IntelliJ IDE, it was fixed with the replacement of 1.5 with 1.6 as below.
因此,真正的问题是在需要在 Java 1.5 类文件中编译的源文件中使用 @Override。
就会这么做。在 jdk 7 中,这将导致出现
jdk 6 中不存在的
警告。要消除此警告,可以通过添加 java 6(或更高版本)
java.lang.annotation 包到 java 5
rt.jar
。The real question is thus to use
@Override
in source files that need to be compiled in Java 1.5 class files.will do just that. In jdk 7, this will lead to a warning
which is absent in jdk 6.
To get rid of this warning a special boot class jar can be created by adding the java 6 (or higher)
java.lang.annotation
package to a java 5rt.jar
.