友元函数调用派生类的静态成员。没有得到预期的输出
我的第一篇文章:)
我在使用以下 C++ 代码时遇到问题。我有一个 ABC 类 A,以及两个派生类 B 和 C。它们都有一个名为 id 的静态成员:
using std::cout;
class A
{
private:
friend int bar(A& a);
static const int id = 1;
virtual void foo() = 0;
};
class B : public A
{
private :
friend int bar(A& a);
static const int id = 2;
void foo() { /*Do something*/ }
};
class C : public A
{
private:
friend int bar(A& a);
static const int id = 3;
void foo() { /*Do something*/ }
};
int bar(A& a)
{
return a.id;
}
int main()
{
B b;
C c;
cout << bar(b) << "\n";
cout << bar(c) << "\n";
return 0;
}
我期望这段代码打印出 2 和 3 - 相反,它打印出 1 和 1 (bar() 总是使用 A::id)。我做错了什么?有什么想法吗?
根据下面的评论,这是我使用的最终代码。它有效,但很想听到更多想法:)
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
class A
{
private:
virtual void foo() = 0;
};
class B : public A
{
private:
template <typename T>
friend int bar(T& t);
static const int id = 2;
void foo() { /*do something*/ }
};
class C : public A
{
private:
template <typename T>
friend int bar(T& t);
static const int id = 3;
void foo() { /*do something*/ }
};
template <typename T>
int bar(T& t)
{
return t.id;
}
int main()
{
B b;
C c;
cout << bar(b) << "\n";
cout << bar(c) << "\n";
return 0;
}
My first post here :)
I am having a problem with the following C++ code. I have an ABC class A, and two derived classes B and C. All of them have a static member called id:
using std::cout;
class A
{
private:
friend int bar(A& a);
static const int id = 1;
virtual void foo() = 0;
};
class B : public A
{
private :
friend int bar(A& a);
static const int id = 2;
void foo() { /*Do something*/ }
};
class C : public A
{
private:
friend int bar(A& a);
static const int id = 3;
void foo() { /*Do something*/ }
};
int bar(A& a)
{
return a.id;
}
int main()
{
B b;
C c;
cout << bar(b) << "\n";
cout << bar(c) << "\n";
return 0;
}
I was expecting this code to print out 2 and 3 - rather it prints out 1 and 1 (bar() is always using A::id). What am I doing wrong? Any ideas?
Based on the comments below, this the final code I am using. It works, but would love to hear more thoughts :)
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
class A
{
private:
virtual void foo() = 0;
};
class B : public A
{
private:
template <typename T>
friend int bar(T& t);
static const int id = 2;
void foo() { /*do something*/ }
};
class C : public A
{
private:
template <typename T>
friend int bar(T& t);
static const int id = 3;
void foo() { /*do something*/ }
};
template <typename T>
int bar(T& t)
{
return t.id;
}
int main()
{
B b;
C c;
cout << bar(b) << "\n";
cout << bar(c) << "\n";
return 0;
}
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评论(2)
a.id
将在编译时定义为A::id
。您需要在类A
中定义一个虚拟成员(非静态)函数,并在B
和C
中重写它以返回它们各自的值id
并在bar
中调用此函数。a.id
will be defined at compile-time asA::id
. You would need to define a virtual member (non-static) function in classA
and have it overridden inB
andC
to return their respectiveid
s and call this function inbar
.是的,使用模板。例如:
但是,如果
id
是私有的,则这不会减少太多代码。Yes, using templates. For example:
However, if
id
is private, this doesn't reduce the code by all that much.