使用反射设置对象属性

发布于 2024-12-28 11:05:52 字数 243 浏览 4 评论 0原文

C# 中有没有一种方法可以使用反射来设置对象属性?

例如:

MyObject obj = new MyObject();
obj.Name = "Value";

我想用反射设置 obj.Name 。比如:

Reflection.SetProperty(obj, "Name") = "Value";

有办法做到这一点吗?

Is there a way in C# where I can use reflection to set an object property?

Ex:

MyObject obj = new MyObject();
obj.Name = "Value";

I want to set obj.Name with reflection. Something like:

Reflection.SetProperty(obj, "Name") = "Value";

Is there a way of doing this?

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评论(9

自演自醉 2025-01-04 11:05:52

是的,您可以使用 Type.InvokeMember()

using System.Reflection;
MyObject obj = new MyObject();
obj.GetType().InvokeMember("Name",
    BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.SetProperty,
    Type.DefaultBinder, obj, "Value");

如果 obj 没有名为 Name 的属性,这将引发异常,或者它无法设置。

另一种方法是获取属性的元数据,然后设置它。这将允许您检查该属性是否存在,并验证它是否可以设置:

using System.Reflection;
MyObject obj = new MyObject();
PropertyInfo prop = obj.GetType().GetProperty("Name", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
if(null != prop && prop.CanWrite)
{
    prop.SetValue(obj, "Value", null);
}

Yes, you can use Type.InvokeMember():

using System.Reflection;
MyObject obj = new MyObject();
obj.GetType().InvokeMember("Name",
    BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.SetProperty,
    Type.DefaultBinder, obj, "Value");

This will throw an exception if obj doesn't have a property called Name, or it can't be set.

Another approach is to get the metadata for the property, and then set it. This will allow you to check for the existence of the property, and verify that it can be set:

using System.Reflection;
MyObject obj = new MyObject();
PropertyInfo prop = obj.GetType().GetProperty("Name", BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
if(null != prop && prop.CanWrite)
{
    prop.SetValue(obj, "Value", null);
}
花间憩 2025-01-04 11:05:52

您还可以执行以下操作:

Type type = target.GetType();

PropertyInfo prop = type.GetProperty("propertyName");

prop.SetValue (target, propertyValue, null);

其中 target 是将设置其属性的对象。

You can also do:

Type type = target.GetType();

PropertyInfo prop = type.GetProperty("propertyName");

prop.SetValue (target, propertyValue, null);

where target is the object that will have its property set.

2025-01-04 11:05:52

反射,基本上,即

myObject.GetType().GetProperty(property).SetValue(myObject, "Bob", null);

或者有库可以在便利性和性能方面提供帮助;例如 FastMember:

var wrapped = ObjectAccessor.Create(obj); 
wrapped[property] = "Bob";

(它的优点是不需要提前知道它是否是一个字段与财产)

Reflection, basically, i.e.

myObject.GetType().GetProperty(property).SetValue(myObject, "Bob", null);

or there are libraries to help both in terms of convenience and performance; for example with FastMember:

var wrapped = ObjectAccessor.Create(obj); 
wrapped[property] = "Bob";

(which also has the advantage of not needing to know in advance whether it is a field vs a property)

几味少女 2025-01-04 11:05:52

或者,您可以将 Marc 的一个衬垫包装在您自己的扩展类中:

public static class PropertyExtension{       

   public static void SetPropertyValue(this object obj, string propName, object value)
    {
        obj.GetType().GetProperty(propName).SetValue(obj, value, null);
    }
}

并像这样调用它:

myObject.SetPropertyValue("myProperty", "myValue");

为了更好地衡量,让我们添加一个方法来获取属性值:

public static object GetPropertyValue(this object obj, string propName)
{
        return obj.GetType().GetProperty(propName).GetValue (obj, null);
}

Or you could wrap Marc's one liner inside your own extension class:

public static class PropertyExtension{       

   public static void SetPropertyValue(this object obj, string propName, object value)
    {
        obj.GetType().GetProperty(propName).SetValue(obj, value, null);
    }
}

and call it like this:

myObject.SetPropertyValue("myProperty", "myValue");

For good measure, let's add a method to get a property value:

public static object GetPropertyValue(this object obj, string propName)
{
        return obj.GetType().GetProperty(propName).GetValue (obj, null);
}
江心雾 2025-01-04 11:05:52

使用这样的东西:

public static class PropertyExtension{       

   public static void SetPropertyValue(this object p_object, string p_propertyName, object value)
   {
    PropertyInfo property = p_object.GetType().GetProperty(p_propertyName);
    property.SetValue(p_object, Convert.ChangeType(value, property.PropertyType), null);
   }
}

public static class PropertyExtension{       

   public static void SetPropertyValue(this object p_object, string p_propertyName, object value)
   {
    PropertyInfo property = p_object.GetType().GetProperty(p_propertyName);
    Type t = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType;
    object safeValue = (value == null) ? null : Convert.ChangeType(value, t);

    property.SetValue(p_object, safeValue, null);
   }
}

Use somethings like this :

public static class PropertyExtension{       

   public static void SetPropertyValue(this object p_object, string p_propertyName, object value)
   {
    PropertyInfo property = p_object.GetType().GetProperty(p_propertyName);
    property.SetValue(p_object, Convert.ChangeType(value, property.PropertyType), null);
   }
}

or

public static class PropertyExtension{       

   public static void SetPropertyValue(this object p_object, string p_propertyName, object value)
   {
    PropertyInfo property = p_object.GetType().GetProperty(p_propertyName);
    Type t = Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType;
    object safeValue = (value == null) ? null : Convert.ChangeType(value, t);

    property.SetValue(p_object, safeValue, null);
   }
}
小兔几 2025-01-04 11:05:52

您还可以使用类似的方式访问字段:

var obj=new MyObject();
FieldInfo fi = obj.GetType().
  GetField("Name", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
fi.SetValue(obj,value)

通过反射,一切都可以是一本打开的书:) 在我的示例中,我们绑定到私有实例级字段。

You can also access fields using a simillar manner:

var obj=new MyObject();
FieldInfo fi = obj.GetType().
  GetField("Name", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
fi.SetValue(obj,value)

With reflection everything can be an open book:) In my example we are binding to a private instance level field.

余生再见 2025-01-04 11:05:52

当您想要使用属性名称从另一个对象批量分配一个对象的属性时,您可以尝试此操作:

public static void Assign(this object destination, object source)
    {
        if (destination is IEnumerable && source is IEnumerable)
        {
            var dest_enumerator = (destination as IEnumerable).GetEnumerator();
            var src_enumerator = (source as IEnumerable).GetEnumerator();
            while (dest_enumerator.MoveNext() && src_enumerator.MoveNext())
                dest_enumerator.Current.Assign(src_enumerator.Current);
        }
        else
        {
            var destProperties = destination.GetType().GetProperties();
            foreach (var sourceProperty in source.GetType().GetProperties())
            {
                foreach (var destProperty in destProperties)
                {
                    if (destProperty.Name == sourceProperty.Name && destProperty.PropertyType.IsAssignableFrom(sourceProperty.PropertyType))
                    {
                        destProperty.SetValue(destination,     sourceProperty.GetValue(source, new object[] { }), new object[] { });
                        break;
            }
        }
    }
}

You can try this out when you want to mass-assign properties of an Object from another Object using Property names:

public static void Assign(this object destination, object source)
    {
        if (destination is IEnumerable && source is IEnumerable)
        {
            var dest_enumerator = (destination as IEnumerable).GetEnumerator();
            var src_enumerator = (source as IEnumerable).GetEnumerator();
            while (dest_enumerator.MoveNext() && src_enumerator.MoveNext())
                dest_enumerator.Current.Assign(src_enumerator.Current);
        }
        else
        {
            var destProperties = destination.GetType().GetProperties();
            foreach (var sourceProperty in source.GetType().GetProperties())
            {
                foreach (var destProperty in destProperties)
                {
                    if (destProperty.Name == sourceProperty.Name && destProperty.PropertyType.IsAssignableFrom(sourceProperty.PropertyType))
                    {
                        destProperty.SetValue(destination,     sourceProperty.GetValue(source, new object[] { }), new object[] { });
                        break;
            }
        }
    }
}
や莫失莫忘 2025-01-04 11:05:52

我刚刚发布了一个 Nuget 包,它不仅允许设置第一级属性,还允许设置给定对象中任意深度的嵌套属性。

这是

通过对象从根开始的路径设置对象属性的值。

对象可以是复杂对象,属性可以是多级深层嵌套属性,也可以是直接在根下的属性。 ObjectWriter 将使用属性路径参数查找属性并更新其值。属性路径是从根节点到我们要设置的结束节点属性访问的属性的附加名称,由分隔符字符串参数分隔。

用法:

用于直接在对象根下设置属性:

即。 LineItem 类有一个名为 ItemId 的 int 属性,

LineItem lineItem = new LineItem();

ObjectWriter.Set(lineItem, "ItemId", 13, delimiter: null);

用于在对象根以下设置多个级别的嵌套属性:

即。 Invite 类有一个名为 State 的属性,该属性有一个名为 Invite 的属性(Invite 类型),该属性有一个名为 Recipient 的属性,它有一个名为 Id 的属性。

让事情变得更复杂的是,State 属性不是引用类型,它是一个struct

以下是如何在单行中设置对象树底部的 Id 属性(“outlook”的字符串值)。

Invite invite = new Invite();

ObjectWriter.Set(invite, "State_Invite_Recipient_Id", "outlook", delimiter: "_");

I have just published a Nuget package that allows setting up not only the first level Properties but also nested properties in the given object in any depth.

Here is the package

Sets the value of a property of an object by its path from the root.

The object can be a complex object and the property can be multi level deep nested property or it can be a property directly under the root. ObjectWriter will find the property using the property path parameter and update its value. Property path is the appended names of the properties visited from root to the end node property which we want to set, delimited by the delimiter string parameter.

Usage:

For setting up the properties directly under the object root:

Ie. LineItem class has an int property called ItemId

LineItem lineItem = new LineItem();

ObjectWriter.Set(lineItem, "ItemId", 13, delimiter: null);

For setting up nested property multiple levels below the object root:

Ie. Invite class has a property called State, which has a property called Invite (of Invite type), which has a property called Recipient, which has a property called Id.

To make things even more complex, the State property is not a reference type, it is a struct.

Here is how you can set the Id property (to string value of “outlook”) at the bottom of the object tree in a single line.

Invite invite = new Invite();

ObjectWriter.Set(invite, "State_Invite_Recipient_Id", "outlook", delimiter: "_");
慕烟庭风 2025-01-04 11:05:52

根据MarcGravell的建议,我构建了以下静态方法。该方法一般使用FastMember将所有匹配属性从源对象分配给目标

 public static void DynamicPropertySet(object source, object target)
    {
        //SOURCE
        var src_accessor = TypeAccessor.Create(source.GetType());
        if (src_accessor == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not create accessor!");
        }
        var src_members = src_accessor.GetMembers();
        if (src_members == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not fetch members!");
        }
        var src_class_members = src_members.Where(x => x.Type.IsClass && !x.Type.IsPrimitive);
        var src_class_propNames = src_class_members.Select(x => x.Name);
        var src_propNames = src_members.Except(src_class_members).Select(x => x.Name);

        //TARGET
        var trg_accessor = TypeAccessor.Create(target.GetType());
        if (trg_accessor == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not create accessor!");
        }
        var trg_members = trg_accessor.GetMembers();
        if (trg_members == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not create accessor!");
        }
        var trg_class_members = trg_members.Where(x => x.Type.IsClass && !x.Type.IsPrimitive);
        var trg_class_propNames = trg_class_members.Select(x => x.Name);
        var trg_propNames = trg_members.Except(trg_class_members).Select(x => x.Name);



        var class_propNames = trg_class_propNames.Intersect(src_class_propNames);
        var propNames = trg_propNames.Intersect(src_propNames);

        foreach (var propName in propNames)
        {
            trg_accessor[target, propName] = src_accessor[source, propName];
        }
        foreach (var member in class_propNames)
        {
            var src = src_accessor[source, member];
            var trg = trg_accessor[target, member];
            if (src != null && trg != null)
            {
                DynamicPropertySet(src, trg);
            }
        }
    }

Based on MarcGravell's suggestion, I have constructed the following static method.The method generically assigns all matching properties from source object to target using FastMember

 public static void DynamicPropertySet(object source, object target)
    {
        //SOURCE
        var src_accessor = TypeAccessor.Create(source.GetType());
        if (src_accessor == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not create accessor!");
        }
        var src_members = src_accessor.GetMembers();
        if (src_members == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not fetch members!");
        }
        var src_class_members = src_members.Where(x => x.Type.IsClass && !x.Type.IsPrimitive);
        var src_class_propNames = src_class_members.Select(x => x.Name);
        var src_propNames = src_members.Except(src_class_members).Select(x => x.Name);

        //TARGET
        var trg_accessor = TypeAccessor.Create(target.GetType());
        if (trg_accessor == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not create accessor!");
        }
        var trg_members = trg_accessor.GetMembers();
        if (trg_members == null)
        {
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not create accessor!");
        }
        var trg_class_members = trg_members.Where(x => x.Type.IsClass && !x.Type.IsPrimitive);
        var trg_class_propNames = trg_class_members.Select(x => x.Name);
        var trg_propNames = trg_members.Except(trg_class_members).Select(x => x.Name);



        var class_propNames = trg_class_propNames.Intersect(src_class_propNames);
        var propNames = trg_propNames.Intersect(src_propNames);

        foreach (var propName in propNames)
        {
            trg_accessor[target, propName] = src_accessor[source, propName];
        }
        foreach (var member in class_propNames)
        {
            var src = src_accessor[source, member];
            var trg = trg_accessor[target, member];
            if (src != null && trg != null)
            {
                DynamicPropertySet(src, trg);
            }
        }
    }
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