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java GC 是怎么回事？ PermGen 空间已满？

发布于 2024-12-26 17:33:04 字数 8598 浏览 2 评论 0原文

我不知道我的 java 进程发生了什么。这个过程就是一个索引过程。它从一组 zip 文件中读取文档，并将它们添加到 lucene 索引中。 GC日志显示只是连续运行Full GC。

4959.569: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1648590 secs]
4959.764: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1650240 secs]
4959.959: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1649380 secs]
4960.154: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1650000 secs]
4960.350: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1648900 secs]

据我对这些行的解释，前后对象的大小约为19M，但为什么它总是这样运行？

线程转储看起来像这样：

........[Unloading class sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor1]
[Unloading class sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor2]
[Unloading class sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor3]
2012-01-13 12:55:24
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (20.4-b02 mixed mode):

"org.cxv.CXVIndexer.main()" prio=10 tid=0x00007f4540474000 nid=0x4b15 waiting on condition [0x00007f453f5ed000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
        at org.apache.lucene.index.DocFieldProcessorPerThread.abort(DocFieldProcessorPerThread.java:72)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter.abort(DocumentsWriter.java:424)
        - locked <0x000000034ab44fb8> (a org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter.flush(DocumentsWriter.java:659)
        - locked <0x000000034ab44fb8> (a org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.doFlush(IndexWriter.java:3623)
        - locked <0x000000034aacf660> (a org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.flush(IndexWriter.java:3588)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.closeInternal(IndexWriter.java:1858)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.close(IndexWriter.java:1822)
        at org.cxv.IndexCreator.close(IndexCreator.java:25)
        at org.cxv.CXVIndexer.doIndexing(CXVIndexer.java:41)
        at org.cxv.CXVIndexer.main(CXVIndexer.java:75)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo$1.run(ExecJavaMojo.java:297)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)

"Low Memory Detector" daemon prio=10 tid=0x00007f4540003800 nid=0x4b0a runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread1" daemon prio=10 tid=0x00007f4540001000 nid=0x4b09 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread0" daemon prio=10 tid=0x000000004032d800 nid=0x4b08 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Signal Dispatcher" daemon prio=10 tid=0x000000004032b800 nid=0x4b07 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Surrogate Locker Thread (Concurrent GC)" daemon prio=10 tid=0x0000000040329800 nid=0x4b06 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Finalizer" daemon prio=10 tid=0x000000004030c800 nid=0x4b05 in Object.wait() [0x00007f453fdfc000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x000000034a6613a8> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:118)
        - locked <0x000000034a6613a8> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:134)
        at java.lang.ref.Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run(Finalizer.java:159)

"Reference Handler" daemon prio=10 tid=0x0000000040305000 nid=0x4b04 in Object.wait() [0x00007f453fefd000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x000000034a6627c0> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:485)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(Reference.java:116)
        - locked <0x000000034a6627c0> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)

"main" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040111000 nid=0x4af7 in Object.wait() [0x00007f4563c79000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x000000034aadf6f8> (a java.lang.Thread)
        at java.lang.Thread.join(Thread.java:1186)
        - locked <0x000000034aadf6f8> (a java.lang.Thread)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo.joinThread(ExecJavaMojo.java:415)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo.joinNonDaemonThreads(ExecJavaMojo.java:405)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo.execute(ExecJavaMojo.java:317)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:107)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:319)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:534)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352)

"VM Thread" prio=10 tid=0x00000000402fe000 nid=0x4b03 runnable 

"Gang worker#0 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040120000 nid=0x4af8 runnable 

"Gang worker#1 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040122000 nid=0x4af9 runnable 

"Gang worker#2 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040123800 nid=0x4afa runnable 

"Gang worker#3 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040125800 nid=0x4afb runnable 

"Gang worker#4 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040127800 nid=0x4afc runnable 

"Gang worker#5 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040129000 nid=0x4afd runnable 

"Gang worker#6 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004012b000 nid=0x4afe runnable 

"Gang worker#7 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004012d000 nid=0x4aff runnable 

"Concurrent Mark-Sweep GC Thread" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040220800 nid=0x4b02 runnable 
"Gang worker#0 (Parallel CMS Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004021c800 nid=0x4b00 runnable 

"Gang worker#1 (Parallel CMS Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004021e800 nid=0x4b01 runnable 

"VM Periodic Task Thread" prio=10 tid=0x000000004033a000 nid=0x4b0b waiting on condition 

JNI global references: 1154

Heap
 par new generation   total 153344K, used 0K [0x0000000340000000, 0x000000034a660000, 0x000000034a660000)
  eden space 136320K,   0% used [0x0000000340000000, 0x0000000340000000, 0x0000000348520000)
  from space 17024K,   0% used [0x00000003495c0000, 0x00000003495c0000, 0x000000034a660000)
  to   space 17024K,   0% used [0x0000000348520000, 0x0000000348520000, 0x00000003495c0000)
 concurrent mark-sweep generation total 10464512K, used 19960K [0x000000034a660000, 0x00000005c91a0000, 0x0000000780000000)
 concurrent-mark-sweep perm gen total 2097152K, used 2097151K [0x0000000780000000, 0x0000000800000000, 0x0000000800000000)

从线程转储来看，2G 永久代似乎已满。它真的需要那么多空间来存放永久代吗？

原文

I dont know what is going on with my java process. This process is an indexing process. It reads documents from a set of zip files, and adds them to the lucene index. The GC log shows that it is just running continuously Full GC.

4959.569: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1648590 secs]
4959.764: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1650240 secs]
4959.959: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1649380 secs]
4960.154: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1650000 secs]
4960.350: [Full GC 19960K->19960K(10617856K), 0.1648900 secs]

As far as I can interpret these lines, the size of objects before and after is around 19M, but why is it running it like all the time?

The thread dump looks like this:

........[Unloading class sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor1]
[Unloading class sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor2]
[Unloading class sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor3]
2012-01-13 12:55:24
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (20.4-b02 mixed mode):

"org.cxv.CXVIndexer.main()" prio=10 tid=0x00007f4540474000 nid=0x4b15 waiting on condition [0x00007f453f5ed000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE
        at org.apache.lucene.index.DocFieldProcessorPerThread.abort(DocFieldProcessorPerThread.java:72)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter.abort(DocumentsWriter.java:424)
        - locked <0x000000034ab44fb8> (a org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter.flush(DocumentsWriter.java:659)
        - locked <0x000000034ab44fb8> (a org.apache.lucene.index.DocumentsWriter)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.doFlush(IndexWriter.java:3623)
        - locked <0x000000034aacf660> (a org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.flush(IndexWriter.java:3588)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.closeInternal(IndexWriter.java:1858)
        at org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter.close(IndexWriter.java:1822)
        at org.cxv.IndexCreator.close(IndexCreator.java:25)
        at org.cxv.CXVIndexer.doIndexing(CXVIndexer.java:41)
        at org.cxv.CXVIndexer.main(CXVIndexer.java:75)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo$1.run(ExecJavaMojo.java:297)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)

"Low Memory Detector" daemon prio=10 tid=0x00007f4540003800 nid=0x4b0a runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread1" daemon prio=10 tid=0x00007f4540001000 nid=0x4b09 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"C2 CompilerThread0" daemon prio=10 tid=0x000000004032d800 nid=0x4b08 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Signal Dispatcher" daemon prio=10 tid=0x000000004032b800 nid=0x4b07 runnable [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Surrogate Locker Thread (Concurrent GC)" daemon prio=10 tid=0x0000000040329800 nid=0x4b06 waiting on condition [0x0000000000000000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: RUNNABLE

"Finalizer" daemon prio=10 tid=0x000000004030c800 nid=0x4b05 in Object.wait() [0x00007f453fdfc000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x000000034a6613a8> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:118)
        - locked <0x000000034a6613a8> (a java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue$Lock)
        at java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue.remove(ReferenceQueue.java:134)
        at java.lang.ref.Finalizer$FinalizerThread.run(Finalizer.java:159)

"Reference Handler" daemon prio=10 tid=0x0000000040305000 nid=0x4b04 in Object.wait() [0x00007f453fefd000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x000000034a6627c0> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:485)
        at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(Reference.java:116)
        - locked <0x000000034a6627c0> (a java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock)

"main" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040111000 nid=0x4af7 in Object.wait() [0x00007f4563c79000]
   java.lang.Thread.State: WAITING (on object monitor)
        at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
        - waiting on <0x000000034aadf6f8> (a java.lang.Thread)
        at java.lang.Thread.join(Thread.java:1186)
        - locked <0x000000034aadf6f8> (a java.lang.Thread)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo.joinThread(ExecJavaMojo.java:415)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo.joinNonDaemonThreads(ExecJavaMojo.java:405)
        at org.codehaus.mojo.exec.ExecJavaMojo.execute(ExecJavaMojo.java:317)
        at org.apache.maven.plugin.DefaultBuildPluginManager.executeMojo(DefaultBuildPluginManager.java:107)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:209)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:153)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.MojoExecutor.execute(MojoExecutor.java:145)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:84)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleModuleBuilder.buildProject(LifecycleModuleBuilder.java:59)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.singleThreadedBuild(LifecycleStarter.java:183)
        at org.apache.maven.lifecycle.internal.LifecycleStarter.execute(LifecycleStarter.java:161)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.doExecute(DefaultMaven.java:319)
        at org.apache.maven.DefaultMaven.execute(DefaultMaven.java:156)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.execute(MavenCli.java:534)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.doMain(MavenCli.java:196)
        at org.apache.maven.cli.MavenCli.main(MavenCli.java:141)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launchEnhanced(Launcher.java:290)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.launch(Launcher.java:230)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.mainWithExitCode(Launcher.java:409)
        at org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.launcher.Launcher.main(Launcher.java:352)

"VM Thread" prio=10 tid=0x00000000402fe000 nid=0x4b03 runnable 

"Gang worker#0 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040120000 nid=0x4af8 runnable 

"Gang worker#1 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040122000 nid=0x4af9 runnable 

"Gang worker#2 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040123800 nid=0x4afa runnable 

"Gang worker#3 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040125800 nid=0x4afb runnable 

"Gang worker#4 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040127800 nid=0x4afc runnable 

"Gang worker#5 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040129000 nid=0x4afd runnable 

"Gang worker#6 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004012b000 nid=0x4afe runnable 

"Gang worker#7 (Parallel GC Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004012d000 nid=0x4aff runnable 

"Concurrent Mark-Sweep GC Thread" prio=10 tid=0x0000000040220800 nid=0x4b02 runnable 
"Gang worker#0 (Parallel CMS Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004021c800 nid=0x4b00 runnable 

"Gang worker#1 (Parallel CMS Threads)" prio=10 tid=0x000000004021e800 nid=0x4b01 runnable 

"VM Periodic Task Thread" prio=10 tid=0x000000004033a000 nid=0x4b0b waiting on condition 

JNI global references: 1154

Heap
 par new generation   total 153344K, used 0K [0x0000000340000000, 0x000000034a660000, 0x000000034a660000)
  eden space 136320K,   0% used [0x0000000340000000, 0x0000000340000000, 0x0000000348520000)
  from space 17024K,   0% used [0x00000003495c0000, 0x00000003495c0000, 0x000000034a660000)
  to   space 17024K,   0% used [0x0000000348520000, 0x0000000348520000, 0x00000003495c0000)
 concurrent mark-sweep generation total 10464512K, used 19960K [0x000000034a660000, 0x00000005c91a0000, 0x0000000780000000)
 concurrent-mark-sweep perm gen total 2097152K, used 2097151K [0x0000000780000000, 0x0000000800000000, 0x0000000800000000)

From the thread dump, it looks like the 2G perm gen is filling up. Does it really need that much space for perm gen?

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评论（4）

掩耳倾听 2025-01-02 17:33:04

如果你的内存碎片，或者没有什么可以清理的，就会发生这种情况。当您接近最大内存大小时，这种情况经常发生。

我从未听说过有人需要每代 2 G 的大小。您确定这不是您需要关注的年轻且长期存在的空间吗？

顺便说一句：在 Java 7 中，intern()ed String 被放置在主堆空间中。在 Java 7 之前，它们曾经被放置在 perm gen 空间中，这使得过多的数据 interned() 成为一个坏主意。

This will happen if your memory is fragmented, or there is nothing to clean up. It happens often when you are close to the maximum memory size.

I have never heard of anyone needing a 2 G per gen size. Are you sure its not the young and tenured spaces you need to be looking at?

BTW: intern()ed String are placed in the main heap spaces in Java 7. Before Java 7, they used to be placed into the perm gen space, which makes it a bad idea to make too much data interned()

回复 原文
憧憬巴黎街头的黎明 2025-01-02 17:33:04

JVM 中的永久代 (perm gen) en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbage_collection_%28computer_science%29#Generational_GC_.28ephemeral_GC.29" rel="nofollow">分代垃圾收集包含不被收集的“永久”数据。该内存段主要由系统类加载器加载的类定义组成，因此如果您的程序加载大量类（例如具有许多大的依赖项），那么该空间将被填满。请注意，除非您使用自定义类加载器（即除了默认的系统类加载器），否则类（通常）不会被卸载。

有关调整永久代空间大小的信息，请参阅本指南。

The permanent generation (perm gen) in JVMs with generational garbage collection contain "permanent" data which does not get collected. This memory segment consists mainly of class definitions loaded by the system classloader, so if your program loads lots of classes (e.g. has many large dependencies) then this space will fill up. Note that classes (typically) will not get unloaded unless you are using a custom classloader (i.e. other than the default, system classloader).

See this guide for information about sizing the perm gen space.

回复 原文
画中仙 2025-01-02 17:33:04

就我而言，PermGen 正在填满并引发完整的 GC，因为我使用 JAXB 动态创建类。为了调试这个问题，我发现通过 JMX 控制台监控 PermGen 直接对应于完整 GC（使用 -verbose:gc）。此外，使用 -verbose:class 向我表明这是我的 JAXB 用法。

In my case, PermGen was filling up and provoking full GCs because my use of JAXB was dynamically creating classes. To debug this, I saw that monitoring PermGen via JMX console corresponded directly to the full GC (using -verbose:gc). Further, using -verbose:class showed me that it was my JAXB usage.

回复 原文
百思不得你姐 2025-01-02 17:33:04

如果不详细查看您的应用程序，很难说。然而，使用永久生成空间的常见罪魁祸首是内部字符串（在代码库中搜索 .intern()）和动态代码生成。

Without looking at your application in detail, it's hard to say. However, the usual culprits for using permgen space are interned strings (search for .intern() in your code base) and dynamic code generation.

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