使用来自不同来源的 Shapefile 和数据文件在 R 中绘制专题地图

Question

给定一个 shapefile，如何塑造和使用数据文件，以便能够使用与 shapefile 中的形状区域相对应的标识符来绘制专题图？

#Download English Government Office Network Regions (GOR) from:
#http://www.sharegeo.ac.uk/handle/10672/50
tmp_dir = tempdir()
url_data = "http://www.sharegeo.ac.uk/download/10672/50/English%20Government%20Office%20Network%20Regions%20(GOR).zip"
zip_file = sprintf("%s/shpfile.zip", tmp_dir)
download.file(url_data, zip_file)
unzip(zip_file, exdir = tmp_dir)

library(maptools)

#Load in the data file (could this be done from the downloaded zip file directly?
gor=readShapeSpatial(sprintf('%s/Regions.shp', tmp_dir))

#I can plot the shapefile okay...
plot(gor)

#and I can use these commands to get a feel for the data...
summary(gor)
attributes(gor@data)
gor@data$NAME
#[1] North East               North West              
#[3] Greater London Authority West Midlands           
#[5] Yorkshire and The Humber South West              
#[7] East Midlands            South East              
#[9] East of England         
#9 Levels: East Midlands East of England ... Yorkshire and The Humber

#download data from http://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/statistics-and-data/courts-and-sentencing/csq-q3-2011-insolvency-tables.csv
#insolvency<- read.csv("~/Downloads/csq-q3-2011-insolvency-tables.csv")
insolvency=read.csv("http://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/statistics-and-data/courts-and-sentencing/csq-q3-2011-insolvency-tables.csv")
insolvencygor.2011Q3=subset(insolvency,Time.Period=='2011 Q3' & Geography.Type=='Government office region')
#tidy the data
require(gdata)
insolvencygor.2011Q3=drop.levels(insolvencygor.2011Q3)

names(insolvencygor.2011Q3)
#[1] "Time.Period"                 "Geography"                  
#[3] "Geography.Type"              "Company.Winding.up.Petition"
#[5] "Creditors.Petition"          "Debtors.Petition"  

levels(insolvencygor.2011Q3$Geography)
#[1] "East"                     "East Midlands"           
#[3] "London"                   "North East"              
#[5] "North West"               "South East"              
#[7] "South West"               "Wales"                   
#[9] "West Midlands"            "Yorkshire and the Humber"

#So what next?   

到目前为止，我如何采取下一步来生成主题/分区统计图，例如根据 Debtors.Petition 值为每个区域着色？

（我还刚刚注意到一个可能的问题 - GOR 级别的大写不匹配：“Yorkshire and the Humber”和“Yorkshire and The Humber”）

Answer 1

没有看到树木的木材，为了回答我自己的问题，这里有一种方法（代码来自问题中的代码）：

#Convert factors to numeric [ http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4798343/convert-factor-to-integer ]
#There's probably a much better formulaic way of doing this/automating this?
insolvencygor.2011Q3$Creditors.Petition=as.numeric(levels(insolvencygor.2011Q3$Creditors.Petition))[insolvencygor.2011Q3$Creditors.Petition]
insolvencygor.2011Q3$Company.Winding.up.Petition=as.numeric(levels(insolvencygor.2011Q3$Company.Winding.up.Petition))[insolvencygor.2011Q3$Company.Winding.up.Petition]
insolvencygor.2011Q3$Debtors.Petition=as.numeric(levels(insolvencygor.2011Q3$Debtors.Petition))[insolvencygor.2011Q3$Debtors.Petition]

#Tweak the levels so they match exactly (really should do this via a lookup table of some sort?)
i2=insolvencygor.2011Q3
i2c=c('East of England','East Midlands','Greater London Authority','North East','North West','South East','South West','Wales','West Midlands','Yorkshire and The Humber')
i2$Geography=factor(i2$Geography,labels=i2c)

#Merge the data with the shapefile
gor@data=merge(gor@data,i2,by.x='NAME',by.y='Geography')

#Plot the data using a greyscale
plot(gor,col=gray(gor@data$Creditors.Petition/max(gor@data$Creditors.Petition)))

所以这种方法的作用是将数字数据合并到 shapefile 中，然后直接绘制它。

也就是说，将数据文件和形状文件分开不是更干净的方法吗？ （我还是不知道该怎么做？）