如何让 Capybara 在 JS 运行后检查可见性?
加载页面后,我有一些代码可以根据 xhr 返回的数据运行、隐藏和显示各种项目。
我的集成测试看起来像这样:
it "should not show the blah" do
page.find('#blah').visible?.should be_true
end
当我手动转到此测试运行的上下文中的页面时,#blah 不如我预期可见。我怀疑 Capybara 正在查看页面的初始状态(在本例中不可见),评估 DOM 的状态并在 JS 运行之前测试失败。
是的,我设置了 :js =>; true
在包含描述块上:)
任何想法将不胜感激!我希望我不必在这里故意拖延,这感觉不稳定并且会减慢速度。
After loading a page I have code that runs and hides and shows various items based on data returned by an xhr.
My integration test looks something like this:
it "should not show the blah" do
page.find('#blah').visible?.should be_true
end
When I manually go to the page in the context this test runs, #blah is not visible as I expect. I suspect that Capybara is looking at the initial state of the page (invisible in this case), evaluating the state of the DOM and failing the test before the JS runs.
Yes, I set the :js => true
on the containing describe block :)
Any ideas would be greatly appreciated! I'm hoping I don't have to put an intentional delay in here, that feels flaky and will slow things down.
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我认为这里的
find
语句是带有隐式等待的语句,因此 Capybara 会等待元素出现在页面上,但不会等待它变得可见。在这里,您希望水豚等待可见元素出现,这应该可以通过指定
visible
选项来实现:我还没有尝试过,但是
ignore_hidden_elements
配置如果您希望find
始终等待可见元素,选项在这里也可能很有用。I think that the
find
statement here is the one with the implicit wait, so Capybara will wait until the element is on the page, but won't wait for it to become visible.Here, you would want Capybara to wait for the visible element to appear, which should be achievable by specifying the
visible
option:I haven't tried it, but the
ignore_hidden_elements
configuration option might be useful here as well, if you wantedfind
to always wait for visible elements.这是另一种对我来说非常有效的方法:
特别是对于更复杂的查找,例如
断言元素已被隐藏。
This is another way to do it that works perfectly fine for me:
Especially for more complex finds, such as
which would assert that an element has been hidden.
如果您想检查某个元素是否在页面上但不可见,则
visible: false
将无法按您的预期工作。让我有点难住了。操作方法如下:
If you want to check that an element is on the page but is not visible,
visible: false
won't work as you might expect. Had me stumped for a bit.Here's how to do it:
可见意味着不明显
失败可能来自于对可见或不可见内容的误解,因为它不明显,驱动程序不便携,并且记录不足。一些测试:
HTML:
Rack 测试唯一认为不可见的是内联
display: none
(不是内部 CSS,因为它不执行选择器):Poltergeist 有类似的行为,但它可以处理内部 CSS和 Js
style.display
操作:Selenium 的行为完全不同:如果认为空元素不可见且
visibility-hidden
以及display: none
:另一个常见问题是默认值
visible
的:false
(看到both可见和不可见元素),true
Capybara.ignore_hidden_elements
选项。参考。
完整的可运行测试在我的 GitHub 上。
What visible means is not obvious
The failure may come from a misunderstanding of what is considered visible or not as it is non-obvious, not driver portable, and under-documented. Some tests:
HTML:
The only thing Rack test considers as invisible is inline
display: none
(not internal CSS since it does not do selectors):Poltergeist has a similar behavior, but it can deal with internal CSS and Js
style.display
manipulation:Selenium behaves quite differently: if considers an empty element invisible and
visibility-hidden
as well asdisplay: none
:Another common catch is the default value of
visible
:false
(sees both visible and invisible elements),true
Capybara.ignore_hidden_elements
option.Reference.
Full runnable test on my GitHub.
使用:
我有一个 Rails 应用程序,其中有一个链接,单击该链接应提交 AJAX post 请求并返回 JS 响应。
链接代码:
JS 响应(.js.haml 文件)应在链接存在的页面上切换以下隐藏的 div:
js.haml 文件内容:
我正在测试发送通知并显示的场景
使用 Cucumber 向用户发送通知状态消息(cucumber-rails gem 内置
Capybara 支持)
我试图测试具有 id: notification_status 的元素是否可见
在我的步骤定义中成功响应。为此,我尝试了以下语句:
以上都不适合我,并且我的步骤失败了。上面列出的 5 个片段中
最后 4 个失败并出现以下错误:
这很奇怪,因为以下语句正确传递:
事实上,我使用
显示的内容
检查了页面源,这是预期的。
最后我找到了这个链接capybara断言元素的属性,它显示了如何以原始方式检查元素的属性。
我还在水豚文档中找到了可见的?方法(http://rubydoc.info/ github/jnicklas/capybara/master/Capybara/Node/Element#visible%3F-instance_method)
以下信息:
因此我得出的结论是,在测试元素的可见性时
不靠水豚的可见结果吗?使用 CSS 选择器时的方法
并使用链接中建议的解决方案 capybara 断言元素的属性
我想出了具有以下内容:
用法:
Using:
I have a Rails application in which there is a link which when clicked should submit an AJAX post request and return a JS response.
Link code:
The JS response (.js.haml file) should toggle the following hidden div on the page the link exists:
js.haml file contents:
I was testing my scenario of sending notification and displaying the
notification status message to the user using Cucumber (cucumber-rails gem with built in
Capybara support)
I was trying to test that the element having id: notification_status was visible
on successful response in my step definition.For this I tried following statements:
Neither of above worked for me and failed my step.Out of the above listed 5 snippets
the last 4 failed with following error:
which was strange because following statement was passing correctly:
And in fact I inspected the page source using
which showed up
which was expected.
Finally I found this link capybara assert attributes of an element which showed up how to inspect an element's attribute in raw manner.
Also I found in Capybara documentation for visible? method (http://rubydoc.info/github/jnicklas/capybara/master/Capybara/Node/Element#visible%3F-instance_method)
following information:
Thus I came to the conclusion that when testing visibility of an element
do not rely on results of Capybara's visible? method when using a CSS selector
and using the solution suggested in link capybara assert attributes of an element
I came up with following:
Usage:
您可能需要查看这篇文章,其中提供了等待所有 ajax 请求完成的示例方法:
You might want to look at this post, which gives a sample method for waiting until all ajax requests are complete:
接受的答案现在有点过时了,因为“应该”是不推荐使用的语法。这些天你最好按照
expect(page).not_to have_css('#blah',visible: :hidden)
的方式做一些事情The accepted answer is a bit outdated now as 'should' is deprecated syntax. These days you'd be better off doing something along the lines of
expect(page).not_to have_css('#blah', visible: :hidden)
这里的其他答案是“等待”元素的最佳方法。但是我发现这对于我正在开发的网站不起作用。基本上,需要单击的元素在其背后的功能完全加载之前是可见的。这只是不到一秒的时间,但我发现我的测试有时运行得很快,以至于单击了按钮却什么也没发生。我设法通过执行这个临时布尔表达式来解决这个问题:
基本上,它使用水豚默认等待时间来查找应该出现的内容,如果它不存在,它将重试您的单击。
我再说一遍,应该首先尝试
should have_selector
方法,但如果它不起作用,请尝试这个The other answers on here are the best way to "wait" for the element. However I have found this didn't work for the site I am working on. Basically the element that needed clicking was visible before the function behind that was fully loaded. This is in fractions of a second but I found my test ran so quick on occasion that it clicked the button and nothing happened. I managed to work around it by doing this make-shift boolean expression:
Basically it uses the capybara default wait time to look for something that should appear, if it isnt there it will retry your click.
Again I will say that the
should have_selector
method should be tried first but if it just wont work try this