在 makefile 中使用条件规则
我用伪代码捕获 Makefile 的意图,然后指出我遇到的问题。我正在寻找一个在测试环境中对用户更加友好的 Makefile。 Makefile 的正确用法是以下之一。
make CATEGORY=parser TEST=basic.
make ALL
如果用户给出“JUST”如下所示的命令,它应该打印一条消息说“CATEGORY Defined TEST undefined”,反之亦然
make CATEGORY=parser
make TEST=basic
我尝试用以下方式编写Makefile,但它出错了:
help:
echo"Usage: make CATEGORY=<advanced|basic> TEST=<test-case>
echo" make ALL
ifdef CATEGORY
ifdef TEST
CATEGORY_TEST_DEFINED = 1
else
echo "TEST not defined"
else
echo "CATEGORY not defined"
endif
ifeq ($(CATEGORY_TEST_DEFINED), 1)
$(CATEGORY):
cd $(PROJ)/$(CATEGORY)
make -f test.mk $(TEST)
endif
ifdef ALL
$(ALL):
for i in `ls`
cd $$(i)
make all
endif
我的问题是:
- < p>Makefile 中的规则是否可以选择性(使用 ifdef 选择规则和目标)。
回声不起作用。 echo 应该帮助用户正确使用。
I capture the intent of the Makefile in pseudo code, then indicate the issues I have. I'm looking for a Makefile which is more user friendly in a test environment. The correct usage of the Makefile is one of the below.
make CATEGORY=parser TEST=basic.
make ALL
If a user gives "JUST" the commands as indicated below, it should print a message saying "CATEGORY defined TEST undefined" and vice-versa
make CATEGORY=parser
make TEST=basic
I tried writing the Makefile in following ways, but it errors out:
help:
echo"Usage: make CATEGORY=<advanced|basic> TEST=<test-case>
echo" make ALL
ifdef CATEGORY
ifdef TEST
CATEGORY_TEST_DEFINED = 1
else
echo "TEST not defined"
else
echo "CATEGORY not defined"
endif
ifeq ($(CATEGORY_TEST_DEFINED), 1)
$(CATEGORY):
cd $(PROJ)/$(CATEGORY)
make -f test.mk $(TEST)
endif
ifdef ALL
$(ALL):
for i in `ls`
cd $(i)
make all
endif
The questions I have are:
Whether the rules in a Makefile can be selective (using ifdef to select the rules and targets).
echo doesn't work. echo should help the user with correct usage.
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问题是
echo
属于 shell; Make 可以通过命令将其传递给 shell,但 Make 无法执行它。使用info
代替:如果您希望规则是有条件的:
The problem is that
echo
belongs to the shell; Make can pass it to the shell in a command, but Make cannot execute it. Useinfo
instead:If you want the rules to be conditional:
这里最大的问题是所有
ifdef
/ifndef
/ifeq
/... 语句必须位于第 0 列,否则它们将导致错误。与压痕问题相比,回声是一个小问题。The biggest issue here is that all
ifdef
/ifndef
/ifeq
/... statements must be at column 0 or they it will results in an error. The echo is a minor issue compared with the indentation issue.这些行是可疑的:
您需要在
echo
和字符串之间有一个空格,并且字符串需要终止:这些行是可疑的:
当然您需要在第二个字符之前有一个
endif
其他
? (即使它在语法上不是强制性的,我也会推荐它。)此外,
make
仅执行诸如echo
之类的命令,在处理目标(规则)时应该执行 这些命令。它不会在那里执行echo
;它只会反对你不能定义命令而不是目标的操作。尽管 GNU Make 添加到 makefile 中的所有内容,makefile 中的语言都是声明性语言,而不是过程性语言。处理此问题的另一种方法是定义宏的默认值:
定义执行半合理操作的默认值;如果用户愿意,可以让他们覆盖默认值。您可以制定如下规则:
您可以将
help
保留为第一条规则。我有一些目录,其中第一条规则是:这与您所拥有的相同(除了
make
在运行命令之前不会回显命令,因此我只看到消息而不是回显命令行,并且消息;这就是@
的作用)。它来自的 makefile 也有一个规则all
,否则通常是最明智的第一(默认)规则。These lines are dubious:
You need a space between
echo
and the string, and the string needs to be terminated:These lines are dubious:
Surely you need an
endif
before the secondelse
? (Even if it is not syntactically mandatory, I'd recommend it.)Additionally,
make
only executes commands such asecho
is supposed to be when processing a target (rule). It won't executeecho
there; it will simply object that you cannot define commands without them being actions for a target. Despite everything that GNU Make adds to a makefile, the language in a makefile is a declarative language and not a procedural language.Another way of handling this is to define default values for the macros:
Define default values that do something semi-reasonable; let the user override the default if they want to. You can have a rule such as:
You can leave
help
as the first rule. I have some directories where the first rule is:This is equivalent to what you have (except that
make
does not echo the command before running it, so I only see the message instead of the echo command line and the message; that's the@
at work). The makefile this comes from also has a ruleall
which is otherwise usually the most sensible first (default) rule.