在用户脚本中使用 XMLHttpRequest 下载图像

发布于 2024-12-25 19:58:56 字数 929 浏览 0 评论 0原文

首先,这里有一个问题,其标题相同,但它不是我要找的,而且它不也没有完整的答案。

这是我的问题。假设我有一个指向图像的 URL。

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg

一旦我将此参数 ?dl=1 放在 URL 末尾,它就可以下载。

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1

我正在尝试通过用户脚本来完成此任务。所以我为此使用了 XMLHttpRequest。

var url = "https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1";

var request = new XMLHttpRequest();  
request.open("GET", url, false);   
request.send(null);  

if (request.status === 200) 
{  
    alert(request.statusText);
}

这是一个小提琴

但这不起作用。

First of all there is a question with the same title here on SO but its not what I'm looking for and it doesn't have a complete answer either.

So here's my question. Say I have this URL which directs to an image.

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg

Once I put this parameter ?dl=1 to the end of the URL, it becomes downloadable.

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1

I'm trying to do this task through a userscript. So I used XMLHttpRequest for that.

var url = "https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1";

var request = new XMLHttpRequest();  
request.open("GET", url, false);   
request.send(null);  

if (request.status === 200) 
{  
    alert(request.statusText);
}

Here is a fiddle.

But it does not work.

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素染倾城色 2025-01-01 19:58:56

XMLHttpRequest 无法跨域工作,但由于这是一个用户脚本,Chrome 现在仅支持用户脚本中的 GM_xmlhttpRequest()

像这样的东西应该可以工作,请注意它是异步的:

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            'https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1',
    onload:         function (responseDetails) {
                        alert(responseDetails.statusText);
                    }
} );



至于获取和使用实际图像数据,这是一个需要解决的主要难题。

  • 您可以在 Firefox 中使用新的 .responseType = "blob"; 功能,但 Chrome 尚不支持

  • 在 Chrome 或 Firefox 中,仅针对同一域,您可以使用新的 XHR2 像这样:
    在 jsBin 上查看实际效果。

    BlobBuilder = window.MozBlobBuilder || window.WebKitBlobBuilder ||窗口.BlobBuilder;
    
    var url = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";
    var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
    request.open("GET", url, false);
    request.responseType = "arraybuffer";
    请求.发送(空);
    
    if (request.status === 200) {
        var bb = new BlobBuilder();
        bb.append(请求.响应); // 注意:不是 request.responseText
    
        var blob = bb.getBlob('image/png');
        var reader = new FileReader();
        reader.onload = 函数 (zFR_Event) {
            $("body").prepend('

    新图像:

    ') }; reader.readAsDataURL (blob); }

  • 不幸的是,GM_xmlhttpRequest() 确实如此(尚)不支持设置 responseType

因此,对于 GM 脚本或用户脚本应用程序,我们必须使用自定义的 base64 编码方案,如 “Javascript Hacks:使用 XHR 加载二进制数据”

脚本代码变成这样:

var imgUrl              = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            imgUrl,
    onload:         function (respDetails) {
                        var binResp     = customBase64Encode (respDetails.responseText);

                        /*-- Here, we just demo that we have a valid base64 encoding
                            by inserting the image into the page.
                            We could just as easily AJAX-off the data instead.
                        */
                        var zImgPara    = document.createElement ('p');
                        var zTargetNode = document.querySelector ("body *"); //1st child

                        zImgPara.innerHTML = 'Image: <img src="data:image/png;base64,'
                                           + binResp + '">';
                        zTargetNode.parentNode.insertBefore (zImgPara, zTargetNode);
                    },
    overrideMimeType: 'text/plain; charset=x-user-defined'
} );


function customBase64Encode (inputStr) {
    var
        bbLen               = 3,
        enCharLen           = 4,
        inpLen              = inputStr.length,
        inx                 = 0,
        jnx,
        keyStr              = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
                            + "0123456789+/=",
        output              = "",
        paddingBytes        = 0;
    var
        bytebuffer          = new Array (bbLen),
        encodedCharIndexes  = new Array (enCharLen);

    while (inx < inpLen) {
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < bbLen;  ++jnx) {
            /*--- Throw away high-order byte, as documented at:
              https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Using_XMLHttpRequest#Handling_binary_data
            */
            if (inx < inpLen)
                bytebuffer[jnx] = inputStr.charCodeAt (inx++) & 0xff;
            else
                bytebuffer[jnx] = 0;
        }

        /*--- Get each encoded character, 6 bits at a time.
            index 0: first  6 bits
            index 1: second 6 bits
                        (2 least significant bits from inputStr byte 1
                         + 4 most significant bits from byte 2)
            index 2: third  6 bits
                        (4 least significant bits from inputStr byte 2
                         + 2 most significant bits from byte 3)
            index 3: forth  6 bits (6 least significant bits from inputStr byte 3)
        */
        encodedCharIndexes[0] = bytebuffer[0] >> 2;
        encodedCharIndexes[1] = ( (bytebuffer[0] & 0x3) << 4)   |  (bytebuffer[1] >> 4);
        encodedCharIndexes[2] = ( (bytebuffer[1] & 0x0f) << 2)  |  (bytebuffer[2] >> 6);
        encodedCharIndexes[3] = bytebuffer[2] & 0x3f;

        //--- Determine whether padding happened, and adjust accordingly.
        paddingBytes          = inx - (inpLen - 1);
        switch (paddingBytes) {
            case 1:
                // Set last character to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                break;
            case 2:
                // Set last 2 characters to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                encodedCharIndexes[2] = 64;
                break;
            default:
                break; // No padding - proceed
        }

        /*--- Now grab each appropriate character out of our keystring,
            based on our index array and append it to the output string.
        */
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < enCharLen;  ++jnx)
            output += keyStr.charAt ( encodedCharIndexes[jnx] );
    }
    return output;
}

XMLHttpRequest will not work cross-domain, but since this is a userscript Chrome now supports GM_xmlhttpRequest() in userscripts only.

Something like this should work, note that it is asynchronous:

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            'https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1',
    onload:         function (responseDetails) {
                        alert(responseDetails.statusText);
                    }
} );



As for getting and using the actual image data, that is a major pain to work out.

  • You can use the new .responseType = "blob"; functionality in Firefox but Chrome does not yet support it.

  • In Chrome or Firefox, for the same domain only, you can use the new XHR2 like so:
    See it in action at jsBin.

    BlobBuilder             = window.MozBlobBuilder || window.WebKitBlobBuilder || window.BlobBuilder;
    
    var url                 = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";
    var request             = new XMLHttpRequest();
    request.open ("GET", url, false);
    request.responseType    = "arraybuffer";
    request.send (null);
    
    if (request.status === 200) {
        var bb              = new BlobBuilder ();
        bb.append (request.response); // Note: not request.responseText
    
        var blob            = bb.getBlob ('image/png');
        var reader          = new FileReader ();
        reader.onload       = function (zFR_Event) {
            $("body").prepend ('<p>New image: <img src="' + zFR_Event.target.result + '"></p>')
        };
    
        reader.readAsDataURL (blob);
    }
    

  • Unfortunately, GM_xmlhttpRequest() does not (yet) support setting responseType.

So, for GM script or userscript applications, we have to use a custom base64 encoding scheme like in "Javascript Hacks: Using XHR to load binary data".

The script code becomes something like:

var imgUrl              = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            imgUrl,
    onload:         function (respDetails) {
                        var binResp     = customBase64Encode (respDetails.responseText);

                        /*-- Here, we just demo that we have a valid base64 encoding
                            by inserting the image into the page.
                            We could just as easily AJAX-off the data instead.
                        */
                        var zImgPara    = document.createElement ('p');
                        var zTargetNode = document.querySelector ("body *"); //1st child

                        zImgPara.innerHTML = 'Image: <img src="data:image/png;base64,'
                                           + binResp + '">';
                        zTargetNode.parentNode.insertBefore (zImgPara, zTargetNode);
                    },
    overrideMimeType: 'text/plain; charset=x-user-defined'
} );


function customBase64Encode (inputStr) {
    var
        bbLen               = 3,
        enCharLen           = 4,
        inpLen              = inputStr.length,
        inx                 = 0,
        jnx,
        keyStr              = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
                            + "0123456789+/=",
        output              = "",
        paddingBytes        = 0;
    var
        bytebuffer          = new Array (bbLen),
        encodedCharIndexes  = new Array (enCharLen);

    while (inx < inpLen) {
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < bbLen;  ++jnx) {
            /*--- Throw away high-order byte, as documented at:
              https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Using_XMLHttpRequest#Handling_binary_data
            */
            if (inx < inpLen)
                bytebuffer[jnx] = inputStr.charCodeAt (inx++) & 0xff;
            else
                bytebuffer[jnx] = 0;
        }

        /*--- Get each encoded character, 6 bits at a time.
            index 0: first  6 bits
            index 1: second 6 bits
                        (2 least significant bits from inputStr byte 1
                         + 4 most significant bits from byte 2)
            index 2: third  6 bits
                        (4 least significant bits from inputStr byte 2
                         + 2 most significant bits from byte 3)
            index 3: forth  6 bits (6 least significant bits from inputStr byte 3)
        */
        encodedCharIndexes[0] = bytebuffer[0] >> 2;
        encodedCharIndexes[1] = ( (bytebuffer[0] & 0x3) << 4)   |  (bytebuffer[1] >> 4);
        encodedCharIndexes[2] = ( (bytebuffer[1] & 0x0f) << 2)  |  (bytebuffer[2] >> 6);
        encodedCharIndexes[3] = bytebuffer[2] & 0x3f;

        //--- Determine whether padding happened, and adjust accordingly.
        paddingBytes          = inx - (inpLen - 1);
        switch (paddingBytes) {
            case 1:
                // Set last character to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                break;
            case 2:
                // Set last 2 characters to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                encodedCharIndexes[2] = 64;
                break;
            default:
                break; // No padding - proceed
        }

        /*--- Now grab each appropriate character out of our keystring,
            based on our index array and append it to the output string.
        */
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < enCharLen;  ++jnx)
            output += keyStr.charAt ( encodedCharIndexes[jnx] );
    }
    return output;
}
许久 2025-01-01 19:58:56

现代浏览器有 Blob 对象:

GM_xmlhttpRequest({
  method: "GET",
  url: url,
  headers: { referer: url, origin: url },
  responseType: 'blob',
  onload: function(resp) {
    var img = document.createElement('img');
    img.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(resp.response);
    document.body.appendChild(img);
  }
});

headers< /code> param 将设置引荐来源网址,以便您可以加载引荐来源网址锁定的图像。

Modern browsers have the Blob object:

GM_xmlhttpRequest({
  method: "GET",
  url: url,
  headers: { referer: url, origin: url },
  responseType: 'blob',
  onload: function(resp) {
    var img = document.createElement('img');
    img.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(resp.response);
    document.body.appendChild(img);
  }
});

The headers param will set the referrer so you can load referrer locked images.

何以畏孤独 2025-01-01 19:58:56

您尝试使用 XHR 请求位于不同域的资源,因此被阻止。使用 CORS 通过 XHR 进行跨域消息传递。

You are trying to request a resource using XHR that is on a different domain and is thus blocked. Use CORS for cross-domain messaging using XHR.

孤凫 2025-01-01 19:58:56

Krof Drakula 是对的,您无法从不同的域加载图像,但您真的需要这样做吗?您可以创建并附加一个 img 标签并等待它加载(使用 jQuery load() 之类的东西)。

var img = document.createElement( 'img' );
img.setAttribute( 'src', url );
document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].appendChild( img );

Krof Drakula is right, you cannot load an image from a different domain, but do you really need to do this? You can create and append an img tag and wait for it to load (with something like jQuery load()).

var img = document.createElement( 'img' );
img.setAttribute( 'src', url );
document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].appendChild( img );
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