C# 中一次性对象克隆会导致内存泄漏吗?

发布于 2024-12-25 17:39:14 字数 1464 浏览 2 评论 0原文

检查以下代码:

.. class someclass : IDisposable{
    private Bitmap imageObject;
    public void ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H)
    {
        imageObject = imageObject.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat);
    }
    public void Dispose()
    {
        imageObject.Dispose();
    }
}

Bitmap 在 C# 中是 ICloneableIDisposable

为了避免内存泄漏,对于Disposable对象,通常使用using,那么无论你的代码有多么错误,该对象都会被系统自动释放。

在我的示例中,我无法使用 using 因为我不想处置该对象,稍后我需要它(整个类也将自行处置,因为它的 IDisposable

我的问题是:我有一个 imageObject 对象,然后我使用它的 Clone() 方法克隆一个新对象并将其赋予旧对象变量,这会导致一个吗?克隆或原始)对象无处可去并且永远不会得到 似乎大多数意见都是 Clone 导致额外的对象,

[编辑]

旧的应该是 Dispose()

这是新代码:

    public void ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H)
    {
            // We have 1 object: imageObject
            using (Bitmap croppedImage = imageObject.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat))
            {
                    // We have 2 objects: imageObject and croppedImage
                    imageObject.Dispose(); // kill one, only croppedImage left
                    imageObject = new Bitmap(croppedImage); // create one, now 2 objects again
            } // the using() will kill the croppedImage after this
            // We have 1 object: imageObject
    }

它应该正确处理资源。

Check this code:

.. class someclass : IDisposable{
    private Bitmap imageObject;
    public void ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H)
    {
        imageObject = imageObject.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat);
    }
    public void Dispose()
    {
        imageObject.Dispose();
    }
}

Bitmap is ICloneable, IDisposable in C#.

Too avoid memory leak, for Disposable object, normally use using, then the object will be disposed by system automatically no matter how wrong your code went.

In my sample, I cannot use using since I do not want to dispose the object, I need it later (the whole class will dispose itself since its IDisposable as well.

My question is: I have a imageObject object, then I use it Clone() method clone a new object and give it to the old object variable. Will this cause one (either the cloned or the original) object go nowhere and never get disposed, a memory leak.

[EDIT]

Seems most opinions are Clone cause additional object, the old one should be Dispose()

Here is the new code:

    public void ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H)
    {
            // We have 1 object: imageObject
            using (Bitmap croppedImage = imageObject.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat))
            {
                    // We have 2 objects: imageObject and croppedImage
                    imageObject.Dispose(); // kill one, only croppedImage left
                    imageObject = new Bitmap(croppedImage); // create one, now 2 objects again
            } // the using() will kill the croppedImage after this
            // We have 1 object: imageObject
    }

and it should be proper Dispose the resources.

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评论(6

幽梦紫曦~ 2025-01-01 17:39:14

using 只是在 finally 块中调用 Dispose
只要您在所有代码路径中的某处调用Dispose,就可以了。

如果您不调用Dispose,GC最终会为您处置它,但这可能会导致资源争用。

在这种特殊情况下,您可能应该在克隆后丢弃原始版本,因为看起来您再也不会使用它了。

using just calls Dispose in a finally block.
As long as you call Dispose somewhere in all code paths, you're fine.

If you don't call Dispose, the GC will eventually dispose it for you, but this can lead to resource contention.

In this particular case, you should probably dispose the original after cloning it, since it looks like you never use it again.

是伱的 2025-01-01 17:39:14

我不能肯定地说,但如果您担心它可能会发生,为什么不将图像克隆到新变量,处理原始变量,然后重新分配:

public bool ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H)
{     
    Bitmap croppedImage = imageObject.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat);
    imageObject.Dispose();
    imageObject = new Bitmap(croppedImage);
    croppedImage.Dispose();
}

I can't say for sure, but if you are afraid it might, why not clone the image to a new variable, dispose the original, and then reassign:

public bool ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H)
{     
    Bitmap croppedImage = imageObject.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat);
    imageObject.Dispose();
    imageObject = new Bitmap(croppedImage);
    croppedImage.Dispose();
}
雪落纷纷 2025-01-01 17:39:14

避免资源泄漏或过早处置错误的关键是确保每个 IDisposable 对象始终都有一个明确定义的所有者负责处置它。有时,对象会公开一个方法,通过该方法它将获得传入对象的所有权。如果对象的所有者将其传递给这样的方法,则该对象的原始所有者不应该处置它。否则,对象的所有者必须在销毁对象的最后一个引用之前释放该对象。

如果 someClass 拥有 ImageObject,那么它可能应该在销毁对该对象的引用之前处理该对象。另一方面,如果一个对象持有对另一个对象的唯一引用,则为了重新分配原始引用而克隆所持有的对象似乎有点代码味道。我不知道 ImageObject 最初是如何分配的,但似乎它应该在您的对象中创建,或者基于传入的图像对象进行克隆。无论哪种情况,您都应该能够对传入图像的类型进行足够的控制,以选择可以裁剪而无需(重新)克隆的类型。

The key to avoiding resource leaks or premature-disposal bugs is to ensure that every IDisposable object will at all times exactly one clearly-defined owner who is responsible for disposing it. Sometimes an object will expose a method by which it will assume ownership of a passed-in object. If the owner of an object passes it to such a method, the original owner of the object should not dispose it. Otherwise, the owner of an object must dispose of an object before destroying its last reference to it.

If someClass owns ImageObject, then it should probably dispose that object before destroying a reference to it. On the other hand, if an object holds the only reference to another object, cloning the held object for the purpose of reassigning the original reference seems like a bit of a code smell. I don't know how ImageObject gets assigned initially, but it would seem that it should either be created within your object, or cloned based upon a passed-in image object. In either case, you should be able to exercise enough control over the type of the passed-in image to choose a type which can be cropped without having to be (re)cloned.

原谅过去的我 2025-01-01 17:39:14

是的,这可能是泄漏。

如果您正在制作一次性对象的副本(在您的例子中为 Bitmap),您应该立即处置不再需要的实例。

using 关键字只是手动进行 try-finally 和调用 Dispose() 的一种方便方法。如果在您的情况下无法使用“using”,则只需使用 try-finally 块并确保清除悬空资源。

Yes, this could be a leak.

If you are making a copy of a disposable object (in your case Bitmap), you should immediately dispose of the instance that you no longer need.

using keyword is just a convenience thing around manually having try-finally and calling Dispose(). If in your situation you can't use 'using', then simply use try-finally blocks and make sure dangling resource is cleaned up.

淑女气质 2025-01-01 17:39:14

托管代码中不会泄漏内存,但可能会导致资源泄漏。位图是 Windows 中较低级别对象的包装器,并且它是一次性的,以便正确清理较低级别的对象。如果您未处置对象,它们通常应该在一段时间后由垃圾收集器处置,但不能保证它实际上会被处置。

克隆图像会创建一个应自行处理的新对象。当原始图像被克隆图像替换时,您应该将其丢弃。您可以使用 using 关键字来实现:

public bool ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H) {
  using (Bitmap original = imageObject) {
    imageObject = original.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat);
  }
}

Memory doesn't leak in managed code, but you can cause a resource leak. The bitmap is a wrapper around a lower level object in Windows, and it's disposable so that the lower level object is cleaned up correctly. If you leave objects undisposed they should normally be disposed by the garbage collector after a while, but there is no guarantee that it will actually be disposed.

Cloning an image creates a new object that should be disposed in itself. You should dispose the original image when it's replaced by the clone. You can use the using keyword for that:

public bool ImageCrop(int X, int Y, int W, int H) {
  using (Bitmap original = imageObject) {
    imageObject = original.Clone(new Rectangle(X, Y, W, H), imageObject.PixelFormat);
  }
}
七婞 2025-01-01 17:39:14

假设 Clone() 正常工作,它将为您提供 2 个一次性对象来管理。两者都需要 Dispose()。

所以我不认为它能解决你的问题。

方法返回 IDisposable 对象并不罕见,您只需确保更高级别的(异常安全)资源管理即可。一定要小心。

Assuming Clone() does its work properly it will give you 2 Disposable objects to manage. Both need to be Disposed().

So I don't think it will solve your problem.

It is not uncommon for a method to return an IDisposable object, you simply have to assure the (exception-safe) resource management at a higher level. Do so carefully.

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