JAXB 解组验证抛出 cvc-elt.1: 找不到元素声明错误

Question

我对 JAXB 和验证有点陌生，并且花了几个小时试图解决这个问题，但无济于事。我创建了一个简单的 JAXB 解组器示例来解析 XML 文件。我也创建了一个适当的 XSD 文件，但验证器一直抱怨它无法找到元素的声明。

我认为这可能与命名空间问题有关，但我已经尝试了我能想到的一切，但似乎仍然无法解决该错误。据我所知，我的 XSD 和 XML 是正确的，所以这可能与我实例化解组器的方式有关，但我似乎无法在任何地方找到问题。

我不断收到的错误/异常是：

Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'calculateBorrowingDataResponse'.
    at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at org.apache.xerces.jaxp.validation.ValidatorHandlerImpl.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.ValidatingUnmarshaller.startElement(ValidatingUnmarshaller.java:85)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.InterningXmlVisitor.startElement(InterningXmlVisitor.java:47)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.SAXConnector.startElement(SAXConnector.java:113)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.unmarshaller.DOMScanner.visit(DOMScanner.java:236)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.unmarshaller.DOMScanner.scan(DOMScanner.java:119)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.unmarshaller.DOMScanner.scan(DOMScanner.java:102)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal0(UnmarshallerImpl.java:299)
    ... 2 more

以下是导致错误的源文件。

Java代码：

// We need a Document
InputStream is = UnmarshalTest.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("calculateBorrowingDataResponse.xml");
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Node node = db.parse(is);

// Creating an unmarshaller
Unmarshaller u = JAXBContext.newInstance(CalculateBorrowingDataResponseType.class).createUnmarshaller();

// Setting the Validation
Schema schema;
SchemaFactory schemaFactory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);
schema = schemaFactory.newSchema(new File("src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/wsdl/CalculateBorrowingDataResponse.xsd"));
u.setSchema(schema);
u.unmarshal(node, CalculateBorrowingDataResponseType.class);

CalculateBorrowingDataResponse.xsd：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsd:schema 
    version="1.1"
    attributeFormDefault="unqualified" 
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    targetNamespace="http://www.domain.com/ClientServices/LendingSimulation/CalculateBorrowingDataResponse" 
    xmlns:lssSt="http://www.domain.com/ClientServices/LendingSimulation/CalculateBorrowingDataResponse"
    xmlns:cbdRes="http://www.domain.com/ClientServices/LendingSimulation/CalculateBorrowingDataResponse" 
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">


    <!-- CalculateBorrowingData -->
    <xsd:complexType name="CalculateBorrowingDataResponseType">
        <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="loanAgmt" type="cbdRes:LoanAgreementType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" />
        </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>


    <xsd:complexType name="LoanAgreementType">
        <xsd:sequence>
            <xsd:element name="borrowingBasedPmtAmt" type="lssSt:borrowingBasedPmtAmt" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
            <xsd:element name="maxPmtAmt" type="lssSt:maxPmtAmt" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
            <xsd:element name="borrowingCapacityMin" type="lssSt:borrowingCapacityMin" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
            <xsd:element name="borrowingCapacityMax" type="lssSt:borrowingCapacityMax" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
            <xsd:element name="propertyValueMinAmt" type="lssSt:propertyValueMinAmt" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
            <xsd:element name="propertyValueMaxAmt" type="lssSt:propertyValueMaxAmt" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" />
        </xsd:sequence>
    </xsd:complexType>

    <xsd:element name="calculateBorrowingDataResponse" type="cbdRes:CalculateBorrowingDataResponseType"/>


    <xsd:simpleType name="borrowingBasedPmtAmt">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:decimal" >
        <xsd:totalDigits value="19" />
        <xsd:fractionDigits value="4" />
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
    <xsd:simpleType name="maxPmtAmt">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:decimal" >
        <xsd:totalDigits value="19" />
        <xsd:fractionDigits value="4" />
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
    <xsd:simpleType name="borrowingCapacityMin">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:decimal" >
        <xsd:totalDigits value="19" />
        <xsd:fractionDigits value="4" />
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
    <xsd:simpleType name="borrowingCapacityMax">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:decimal" >
        <xsd:totalDigits value="19" />
        <xsd:fractionDigits value="4" />
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
    <xsd:simpleType name="propertyValueMinAmt">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:decimal" >
        <xsd:totalDigits value="19" />
        <xsd:fractionDigits value="4" />
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
    <xsd:simpleType name="propertyValueMaxAmt">
        <xsd:restriction base="xsd:decimal" >
        <xsd:totalDigits value="19" />
        <xsd:fractionDigits value="4" />
        </xsd:restriction>
    </xsd:simpleType>
</xsd:schema>

calculateBorrowingDataResponse.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<calculateBorrowingDataResponse
    xmlns="http://www.domain.com/ClientServices/LendingSimulation/CalculateBorrowingDataResponse"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:ns2="http://www.domain.com/ClientServices/LendingSimulation/V1.1">
    <loanAgmt>
        <borrowingBasedPmtAmt>1231231</borrowingBasedPmtAmt>
        <maxPmtAmt>987654321</maxPmtAmt>
        <borrowingCapacityMax>99999</borrowingCapacityMax>
    </loanAgmt>
</calculateBorrowingDataResponse>

我尝试了XSD中是否有最后一个元素定义（即：xsd：element name =“calculateBorrowingDataResponse”...），但都不起作用。

我已经没有尝试不同事物的想法了。任何建议或建议将不胜感激！

Answer 1

这是我试图找到问题根源的第四个小时。经过一番努力，现在，我相信您缺少一行代码就能够达到辉煌的高度！

问题是默认情况下通过 DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance() 创建的 DocumentBuilderFactory 不支持命名空间 - 是的。

您可以通过两种方式克服这个问题：

1. 让您的 DocumentBuilderFactory 命名空间感知：

   DocumentBuilderFactory.setNamespaceAware( true);

2. 或者在解组时使用 StreamSource 并删除 DocumentBuilder 和他的小朋友总共：

   Unmarshaller.unmarshal(StreamSource, Class);

如果是第二个选择，你应该这样做。

InputStream xsdStream = ...
InputStream xmlStream = ...

SchemaFactory f = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);
Schema s = schemaFactory.newSchema(xsdStream);

JAXBContext c = JAXBContext.newInstance(CalculateBorrowingDataResponseType.class);
Unmarshaller u = c.createUnmarshaller();
u.setSchema(schema);
CalculateBorrowingDataResponseType b = 
  u.unmarshal(new StreamSource(xmlStream), CalculateBorrowingDataResponseType.class);

顺便说一下，在这个 schema-awareness-ness-document-builderness-awesomeness 上，Unmarshaller 类的文档，您绝对应该检查一下！