依赖 jquery 在 Javascript 中实现模块模式

Question

当模块代码依赖于第三方库（例如 jQuery）时，实现模块模式的最佳方法是什么？

var someModule = (function(){
    //private attributes
    var privateVar = 5;

    //private methods
    var privateMethod = function(){
        return 'Private Test';
    };

    return {
        //public attributes
        publicVar: 10,
        //public methods
        publicMethod: function(){
            return ' Followed By Public Test ';
        },

        //let's access the private members
        getData: function(){
            //make ajax call and do some processing and generate output
            return privateMethod() + this.publicMethod() + privateVar;
        }
    }
})(); //the parens here cause the anonymous function to execute and return

someModule.getData();

我的问题是：我计划将所有代码放在一个库中，例如 JavaScript 文件中的时尚。

正如您在 getData() 方法中看到的，我计划进行 ajax 调用。我想为此使用 jQuery 库。现在我如何在依赖 jQuery 的同时编写 javascript 模块？

我应该让我的整个库成为 jQuery 插件吗？

Answer 1

可以找到一个很棒的教程/示例 此处或此处。我知道这不是模块模式，但它提供了与揭示模块模式相同的优点，并且允许您在需要时跨文件扩展命名空间。下面是该示例的代码。

//Self-Executing Anonymous Func: Part 2 (Public & Private)
(function( skillet, $, undefined ) {
    //Private Property
    var isHot = true;

    //Public Property
    skillet.ingredient = "Bacon Strips";

    //Public Method
    skillet.fry = function() {
        var oliveOil;

        addItem( "\t\n Butter \n\t" );
        addItem( oliveOil );
        console.log( "Frying " + skillet.ingredient );
    };

    //Private Method
    function addItem( item ) {
        if ( item !== undefined ) {
            console.log( "Adding " + $.trim(item) );
        }
    }    
}( window.skillet = window.skillet || {}, jQuery ));

//Public Properties
console.log( skillet.ingredient ); //Bacon Strips

//Public Methods
skillet.fry(); //Adding Butter & Frying Bacon Strips

//Adding a Public Property
skillet.quantity = "12";
console.log( skillet.quantity ); //12

//Adding New Functionality to the Skillet
(function( skillet, $, undefined ) {
    //Private Property
    var amountOfGrease = "1 Cup";

    //Public Method
    skillet.toString = function() {
        console.log( skillet.quantity + " " + 
                     skillet.ingredient + " & " + 
                     amountOfGrease + " of Grease" );
        console.log( isHot ? "Hot" : "Cold" );
    };    
}( window.skillet = window.skillet || {}, jQuery ));

try {
    //12 Bacon Strips & 1 Cup of Grease
    skillet.toString(); //Throws Exception
} catch( e ) {
    console.log( e.message ); //isHot is not defined
}

Answer 2

您可以尝试这样的操作：

var someModule = (function($){
    //private attributes
    var privateVar = 5;

    //private methods
    var privateMethod = function(){
        return 'Private Test';
    };

    return {
        //public attributes
        publicVar: 10,
        //public methods
        publicMethod: function(){
          return ' Followed By Public Test ';
    },

    //let's access the private members
    getData: function(){
          //make ajax call and do some processing and generate output
          $.ajax( /* ... */ );
              return privateMethod() + this.publicMethod() + privateVar;
          }
     }
 })(jQuery); //the parens here cause the anonymous function to execute and return

someModule.getData();

只需确保在执行此代码之前包含 jQuery.js 即可。