对非静态成员或未解析的外部符号的非法引用
我正在尝试使用 wxWidgets 学习 C++。到目前为止,我所有的程序都是用纯 C(不需要对象)、vba、bash 编写的 - 正如你所见,我不是程序员。
即使这个例子是在 wxWidgets 框架中,它也是一般的 C++ 问题(实际上这是我的 C++ 问题;-)
主窗口有一个带有子菜单设置/通信的菜单栏。 中为主框架定义了一个类:
class startUp: public wxFrame
{
DECLARE_CLASS( startUp)
DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
public:
startUp();
startUp( wxWindow* parent, wxWindowID id = SYMBOL_....
~startUp();
void OnMENUCommunicationClick( wxCommandEvent& event );
....
void SetDevName(const wxString& devname);
protected:
static wxString devName;
};
我在 startup.h和 startup.cpp
....
void startUp::SetDevName(const wxString& devname)
{
devName=_T(devname);
}
OnMENUCommunicationClick 调用一个对话框,该对话框应返回在 wxChoice 中选择的设备的名称(顺便说一句,wxChoice 的输入有效)。该对话框在另一个类中定义:
#include "startup.h"
class Communication: public wxFrame
{
....
void Communication::CreateControls();
protected:
wxArrayString portChoiceStrings;
communication.cpp:
...
void Communication::CreateControls()
std::vector<std::string> ports;
int count = ScanSerialPorts( ports, true );
for( int i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {
portChoiceStrings.Add( wxString( ports[ i ].c_str(), wxConvUTF8 ) );
}
portChoice = new wxChoice( itemPanel2, ID_ComportSet, wxPoint(108, 25), wxSize(55, -1), portChoiceStrings, 0 );
portChoice->SetSelection(0);
....
}
void Communication::OnOKClick( wxCommandEvent& event )
{
startUp::SetDevName(_T(portChoiceStrings[portChoice->GetSelection()]));
//startUp::SetDevName(wxT(""));
Destroy();
}
现在我的问题是,我希望 OnOKClick 将返回到 startUp 所选设备。我所拥有的是: c2352 非法调用非静态成员函数。由于 startUp 的成员未初始化,我的选择是将 startup.h 中的函数和变量都更改为静态。
static void SetDevName(const wxString& devname);
static wxString devName;
事情有所改善 - 所有文件都编译,但链接器显示未解析的外部符号“protected: static class wxString startUp::devName”。将 devName 从受保护状态移至公共状态不会改变任何事情。
有人可以解释一下在类之间传递值的“正确”方法是什么吗?我不想使用全局变量来解决它。显然这些都是邪恶的。
I'm trying to learn c++ with wxWidgets. Till now all my programs were written in plain C (no needs for objects), vba, bash - as you see I'm not programer.
Even if this example is in frame of wxWidgets it's general c++ problem (actually it's mine problem with c++ ;-)
The main windows has a menu-bar with sub-menu Settings/Communication.
I have defined a class that for a main frame in startup.h:
class startUp: public wxFrame
{
DECLARE_CLASS( startUp)
DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
public:
startUp();
startUp( wxWindow* parent, wxWindowID id = SYMBOL_....
~startUp();
void OnMENUCommunicationClick( wxCommandEvent& event );
....
void SetDevName(const wxString& devname);
protected:
static wxString devName;
};
and startup.cpp:
....
void startUp::SetDevName(const wxString& devname)
{
devName=_T(devname);
}
The OnMENUCommunicationClick calls a dialog that should return the name of the device selected in wxChoice (btw, feeding of the wxChoice works). This dialog defined in another class:
#include "startup.h"
class Communication: public wxFrame
{
....
void Communication::CreateControls();
protected:
wxArrayString portChoiceStrings;
communication.cpp:
...
void Communication::CreateControls()
std::vector<std::string> ports;
int count = ScanSerialPorts( ports, true );
for( int i = 0; i < count; i++ ) {
portChoiceStrings.Add( wxString( ports[ i ].c_str(), wxConvUTF8 ) );
}
portChoice = new wxChoice( itemPanel2, ID_ComportSet, wxPoint(108, 25), wxSize(55, -1), portChoiceStrings, 0 );
portChoice->SetSelection(0);
....
}
void Communication::OnOKClick( wxCommandEvent& event )
{
startUp::SetDevName(_T(portChoiceStrings[portChoice->GetSelection()]));
//startUp::SetDevName(wxT(""));
Destroy();
}
Now to my problem I hoped that OnOKClick would return to startUp selected device. What I've got is:
c2352 illegal call of non-static member function. As the member of startUp is not initialized my option was to change in startup.h both function and variable to static.
static void SetDevName(const wxString& devname);
static wxString devName;
The things improved - all files compile but linker says unresolved external symbol "protected: static class wxString startUp::devName". Moving devName from protected to public doesn't change a thing.
Can somebody explain me what is "the proper" way of passing values between classes? I wouldn't like to use global variables to solve it. Apparently these are evil.
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我已经找到解决方案了。我已从定义中删除了“静态”一词。
在初始化对话框窗口后的启动类中,我添加了对函数 setLink 的调用:
比在通信类中,我添加了一个存储主窗口指针的链接函数 setLink :
我可以在OnSetClick中使用:
m_link变量在communication.h中定义为startUp类的成员:
一切正常(ie程序编译和链接没有错误并且启动帧中的 devName 变量设置为从通信菜单读取的值。
I've found solution. I've removed word static from definitions.
In class startup after initialize of dialog window I've add a call to function setLink:
Than in class Communication I've added a link function setLink that stores pointer of main window:
which I could use in OnSetClick :
The m_link variable was defined in communication.h as a member of startUp class:
Everything works (i.e. program compiles and links without errors and the devName variable from startUp-Frame is set to value read from Communication menu.