如何在 WPF 应用程序中设置 TextBlock 和 Label 的默认颜色、字体系列和字体大小?
编辑:我想这个问题没有说得很清楚。它实际上由 4 个独立的部分组成:
- 如果客户端应用程序不以编程方式或通过 xaml 提供任何样式,
TextBlock
如何获取其默认颜色? Label
如何获取其默认颜色?- 如果客户端应用程序不以编程方式或通过 xaml 提供任何样式,
TextBlock
如何获取其默认字体大小和字体系列? Label
如何获取其默认字体大小和字体系列?
顺便说一句,问题不是关于如何更改或定义 TextBlock
或 Label
的颜色/字体大小/字体系列的样式,尽管它们在某种程度上是相关的。我想我已经知道#2 的答案,即 Label
从 SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey 并通过重写 ConrolTextBrushKey
如下:
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="Red"/>
您将能够“全局”更改标签
的颜色。经过一番研究,我想我也找到了#1的答案:TextBlock
从其包含的Window
继承其前景色,默认情况下它获取其Foreground
颜色来自 SystemColors.WindowTextBrushKey。通过为 WindowTextBrush 定义颜色,如下所示:
<Window.Resources>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.WindowTextBrushKey}"
Color="Yellow"/>
</Window.Resources>
您将能够更改 Window
内 TextBlock
的“前景色”颜色。
问题 #3 和 #4 对我来说仍然是个谜,但我假设它们与 系统字体。
希望这是有道理的。我真的很想知道答案,因为它们已经困扰我一段时间了。非常感谢!
以下是原始帖子:
如果您查看 Windows 附带的主题中的 Label
样式(例如“aero.normalcolor.xaml”),您可以找到
<Setter Property="Foreground"
Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/>
Which set the color for a 标签
。但是样式中没有指定 FontSize
属性,我认为这与 系统字体。对于 TextBlock
来说,它看起来更加神秘,因为它在“aero.normalcolor.xaml”中的样式只有 4 行:
<Style x:Key="{x:Type TextBlock}"
TargetType="{x:Type TextBlock}">
<Setter Property="TextWrapping"
Value="NoWrap"/>
<Setter Property="TextTrimming"
Value="None"/>
</Style>
Where does a Label
or a 如果应用程序未设置任何值,则 TextBlock 会从中获取其颜色和字体大小/系列的值,WPF 中的这些挂钩在哪里?
编辑:
这是一个尝试通过 SystemColors.ControlTextBrush 设置 TextBlock
颜色的测试(假设 TextBlock
从中获取默认颜色,这似乎是错误的):
<Window x:Class="TestFontColor.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<StackPanel>
<StackPanel.Resources>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="Red"/>
</StackPanel.Resources>
<Button Content="This is red."/>
<Label Content="This is blue.">
<Label.Resources>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="Blue"/>
</Label.Resources>
</Label>
<TextBlock Text="TextBlock: This is still black."/>
</StackPanel>
Edit: I guess the question wasn't stated very clearly. It actually composes of 4 separate ones:
- How does a
TextBlock
get its default color, if the client app doesn't provide any style, either programmatically or through xaml? - How does a
Label
get its default color? - How does a
TextBlock
get its default font size and font family, if the client app doesn't provide any style, either programmatically or through xaml? - How does a
Label
get its default font size and font family?
BTW, the questions are not about how to change or define styles for the color/font size/font family of a TextBlock
or a Label
, although they are somehow related. I think I already knew the answer for #2, that is a Label
gets its color from SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey and by overriding ConrolTextBrushKey
like so:
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="Red"/>
You would be able to "globally" change color for Label
s. After some research, I guess I also find the answer for #1: A TextBlock
inherits the its foreground color from its containing Window
, which by default gets its Foreground
color from SystemColors.WindowTextBrushKey. By defining a color for the WindowTextBrush like so:
<Window.Resources>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.WindowTextBrushKey}"
Color="Yellow"/>
</Window.Resources>
You would be able to change the "foreground" color for the TextBlock
s inside the Window
.
Question #3 and #4 remain puzzles for me, but I am assuming they have to do with the SystemFonts.
Hope this makes sense. I really like to know the answers as they have been bothering me for a while. Many thanks!
Below is the original post:
If you look into the style for a Label
in the theme (for example "aero.normalcolor.xaml") that comes with Windows, you can find
<Setter Property="Foreground"
Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/>
Which sets the color for a Label
. But there is no where the FontSize
property is specified in the style, which I assume has something to do with the SystemFonts. For a TextBlock
, it looks even more mysterious as the style for it in "aero.normalcolor.xaml" has only 4 lines:
<Style x:Key="{x:Type TextBlock}"
TargetType="{x:Type TextBlock}">
<Setter Property="TextWrapping"
Value="NoWrap"/>
<Setter Property="TextTrimming"
Value="None"/>
</Style>
Where does a Label
or a TextBlock
get the values for its color and font size/family from, if the app doesn't set any, and where are those hooks in WPF?
Edit:
This is a test drive attempting to set the TextBlock
color through SystemColors.ControlTextBrush
(assuming that's where a TextBlock
gets its default color from, which seems to be false):
<Window x:Class="TestFontColor.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
<StackPanel>
<StackPanel.Resources>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="Red"/>
</StackPanel.Resources>
<Button Content="This is red."/>
<Label Content="This is blue.">
<Label.Resources>
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="{x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}" Color="Blue"/>
</Label.Resources>
</Label>
<TextBlock Text="TextBlock: This is still black."/>
</StackPanel>
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评论(3)
据我记得,在大多数情况下,诸如
TextBlock
、TextBox
等类以及许多其他类都会从TextElement.Foreground
属性中获取文本颜色。该属性值在整个可视化树中继承,即您可以在根元素上设置它并让大部分文本更改其颜色。例如:事实上,即使对于标签也是如此:默认样式的设置器只是将
TextElement.Foreground
设置为系统颜色之一。但是,这仅适用于控件的默认状态。正如 Rachel 所写,改变的状态(例如突出显示)不是继承的,而是从系统颜色中获取的。
更新
FontSize
和FontFamily
也是如此。它们是具有附加属性用法的TextElement
类的属性。他们继承了自己的价值观。一旦您在可视化树项上设置了值,它的所有子项都将获得相同的值。除非他们通过显式属性分配或样式等来覆盖它。再次强调,文本颜色字体大小和字体系列由
TextElement.Foreground
、TextElement.FontSize
和TextElement.FontFamily
附加依赖项的值控制特定视觉元素的属性。某些控件(例如
Label
)显式地将其Foreground
设置为某些画笔。发生这种情况是因为画笔是SystemColors
之一。但并非所有控件都必须如此。其他(TextBlock
、TextBox
等)不会覆盖属性值,而仅使用启动时评估的一些默认设置。FontSize
和FontFamily
也会发生同样的情况。 您无需将它们设置在任何地方即可使其工作。这就是 WPF 的工作原理。据说,这些值取决于系统主题。我相信它们是在应用程序启动期间进行评估的。也许它们是可配置的。
更新2
您的新问题的答案:
它从
TextElement.Foreground
附加依赖属性的继承值中获取它。默认情况下,它继承自根视觉元素,而根视觉元素又简单地设置为依赖属性 (Brushes.Black
) 的默认值。 另请参阅它从
TextElement.Foreground
附加依赖属性的值中获取它。由于其默认样式将其设置为{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}
,因此它会绑定到系统颜色。与其文本颜色相同。 MSDN 表示字体大小的默认值为 SystemFonts.MessageFontSize 这取决于系统设置。字体系列以类似的方式从 SystemFonts.MessageFontFamily 确定。
在
TextElement
静态构造函数中注册依赖项属性后,这两个默认值都会传递给FrameworkPropertyMetadata
构造函数。更深入:
SystemFonts.MessageFontFamily
和SystemFonts.MessageFontSize
包装内部SystemParameters.NonClientMetrics
,而这些内部SystemParameters.NonClientMetrics
又从 WIN32 本机SystemParametersInfo< 检索/代码> http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724947。因此,WPF 与所有 Windows UI 内容(例如主题、字体等)紧密集成。
与
TextBlock
相同。Label
派生自ContentControl
,而ContentControl
又派生自Control
。Control
类将自身添加为具有相同默认值的TextElement.FontFamily
和TextElement.FontSize
属性的所有者。另请参阅:
属性值继承
更新 3
您应该了解主要内容理念:价值观是继承的。这意味着它们可以从任何地方、任何控件继承。只有对于某种逻辑树结构,你才能准确地判断出它是从哪一个继承而来。你稍微改变一下——颜色就会改变。有人显式设置属性的值 - 所有子级都将继承该值。因此你的问题没有什么实际意义。但从理解 WPF 的角度来看,它们仍然很有趣。
覆盖默认值
虽然您无法更改
SystemFonts
属性的值(它们是只读的),但您也不必这样做。要更改整个窗口的字体大小和系列,只需将所需的值分配给Window
上的TextElement
附加属性:以及所有未显式重写继承的控件将收到设置。对于那些确实覆盖的 - 您将必须覆盖它们的默认样式,或者如果它们对值进行硬编码,甚至将它们丢弃。
同样的方法适用于
TextElement.Foreground
(和Background
等)。As far as I remember, in most cases classes like
TextBlock
,TextBox
and many others take the text color from theTextElement.Foreground
property. The property value is inherited throughout the visual tree, i.e. you may set it on the root element and have most of the text change its color. For example:In fact, the same is true even for labels: the setter in their default style simply sets the
TextElement.Foreground
to one of the system colors.However, this is true only for the default state of controls. Altered states, like highlighting, are not inherited, but rather taken from the system colors, as Rachel has written.
UPDATE
The same is true for
FontSize
andFontFamily
. They are properties of theTextElement
class that have attached property usage. They inherit their values. Once you set a value on a visual tree item, all its children will get the same value. Unless they override it either by an explicit property assignment, or by style and so on.Once again, text color font size and font family are governed by the value of
TextElement.Foreground
,TextElement.FontSize
andTextElement.FontFamily
attached dependency properties on a specific visual element.Some controls, like
Label
explicitly set theirForeground
to some brush. It happens so that the brush is one of theSystemColors
. But it doesn't have to be true for all controls. Others (TextBlock
,TextBox
, etc.) don't override the property value and just use some default settings evaluated on startup. The same happens toFontSize
andFontFamily
. You do not need to set them wherever in order for them to work. That's how WPF works.Supposedly, the values depend on the system theme. I believe they are evaluated during the app startup. Perhaps they are configurable.
UPDATE 2
Answers to your new questions:
It takes it from the inherited value of the
TextElement.Foreground
attached dependency property. By default it is inherited from the root visual element, which in turn is simply set to the default value of the dependency property (Brushes.Black
). See alsoIt takes it from the value of the
TextElement.Foreground
attached dependency property. Since its default style sets it to the{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}
, it gets bound to the system color.The same as for its text color. MSDN says that for the default value of the font size is SystemFonts.MessageFontSize which depends on system settings. Font family is determined in similar way from SystemFonts.MessageFontFamily.
Both these default values are passed to the
FrameworkPropertyMetadata
constructor upon dependency property registration in theTextElement
static constructor.Going deeper:
SystemFonts.MessageFontFamily
andSystemFonts.MessageFontSize
wrap internalSystemParameters.NonClientMetrics
which in turn are retrieved from the WIN32 nativeSystemParametersInfo
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724947. Thus the WPF is tightly integrated with all Windows UI stuff like themes, fonts, etc.The same as for
TextBlock
.Label
derives fromContentControl
which in turn derives fromControl
.Control
class adds itself as an owner of theTextElement.FontFamily
andTextElement.FontSize
properties with the same default values.See also:
Property Value Inheritance
UPDATE 3
You should understand the main idea: the values are inherited. It means they might be inherited from anywhere, from any control. You can tell exactly which one it is inherited from only for a certain logical tree structure. You change it a bit - and the colors change. Someone sets a property's value explicitly - and all children will inherit the value. Therefore your questions make little practival sense. But they are still interesting from the perspective of undestanding the WPF.
Overriding default values
Although you cannot change the values of the
SystemFonts
properties (they are read-only), you don't have to. To change the font size and family for the whole window, simply assign the desired values to theTextElement
attached properties on theWindow
:and all controls that do not explicitly override the inheritance will receive the settings. For those that do override - you'll have to override their default styles or even throw them away if they hard-code the values.
The same approach works for
TextElement.Foreground
(andBackground
and so on).默认颜色取自操作系统的设置。
您可以通过创建一个画笔来覆盖它们,该画笔具有引用 SystemColors 画笔键
The default colors are pulled from the operating system's settings.
You can overwrite them by creating a brush which has the a key that references a SystemColors brush key
根据此: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library /ms788718.aspx
根据此: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.controls.textblock.fontsize(v=vs.95).aspx
此外,您可以在 MSDN 站点的各个位置找到存储在不同位置的许多其他默认值: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.controls.textblock.fontstyle(v=VS.95).aspx 的样式,其中表示:
According to this: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms788718.aspx
And according to this: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.controls.textblock.fontsize(v=vs.95).aspx
In addition, you can find many of the other default values stored in various places in the MSDN site: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.windows.controls.textblock.fontstyle(v=VS.95).aspx for the style, which says: