Python argparse 和 bash 补全
我希望在参数中也能自动完成我的 python 脚本。
我从来没有真正理解 bash_completion 是如何工作的（对于参数），但是在我深入研究之后，我明白了：
- 它使用“完整”将完成函数绑定到命令
- 每个完成函数基本上都是参数解析器的副本
第二点特别是不是很好，因为我希望它自动生成。
最好的事情是 shell 在每个选项卡上询问我的程序要完成什么，但我的印象是这实际上不起作用，对吗？
第二个选项可能只是编写一个从 argparse 解析器到正确完成的 shell 函数的转换器。
I would like to get auto-completion on my python scripts also in the arguments.
I had never really understood how the bash_completion worked (for arguments), but after I digged in I understood that:
- it uses "complete" to bind a completing function to a command
- every completing function basically is a copy of the argument parser
The second point in particular is not great, because I would like to have it automatically generated.
The best thing would be that the shell asks to my program at every TAB about what to complete, but I have the impression that this can't really work, is that correct?
The second option is probably just to write a converter from an argparse parser to a shell function which completes correctly.
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无耻的自我推销：https://github.com/kislyuk/argcomplete
argcomplete提供了bash（和zsh） ) argparse 的完成。
Shameless self-promotion: https://github.com/kislyuk/argcomplete
argcomplete provides bash (and zsh) completion for argparse.
Bash “完成” 确实很棒。对于用 Python 编写的程序来说很容易......
我认为这正是你想要的： optcomplete: Shell Completion Self-Generator对于Python。例如，它可以作为 Ubuntu 中的“python-optcomplete”包使用。
您在 python 程序中插入几行，然后用户（一次）运行 bash“完成”程序来告诉 bash 如何完成参数：
现在用户已经完成了！默认情况下，它会简单地完成程序选项。请参阅示例，了解如何自定义特定选项的完成方式。它编写精美，并且易于扩展以处理子命令、备用完成选项等！
更新：
要在 zsh 中完成（对于 optparse 和 argparse），请参阅 genzshcomp 0.3。 1：Python 包索引
正如 @englebip 所指出的，对于 Python 2.7 中引入的新
argparse模块，我们仍然需要类似的东西3.2，因为optparse现已弃用。以下是关于朝着这个方向前进的讨论：
另请参阅有关如何完成的背景：argparse（和已弃用的 optparse）如何响应在 bash 中，在 python 程序名称之后按“tab”键？ - 堆栈溢出
Bash "completion" really is great. And easy for programs written in Python....
I think this is just what you want: optcomplete: Shell Completion Self-Generator for Python. It is available, e.g., as the "python-optcomplete" package in Ubuntu.
You insert a few lines in your python program, and the user (one time) runs the bash "complete" program to tell bash how to complete the arguments:
and now the user has completion! By default it gives simple completion on program options. See the example for how to customize how completion works for a particular option. It is beautifully written, and easy to extend to handle sub-commands, alternate completion options, etc.!
Update:
For completion in zsh (for both optparse and argparse) see genzshcomp 0.3.1 : Python Package Index
As noted by @englebip, we still need something similar for the new
argparsemodule, introduced in Python 2.7 and 3.2, sinceoptparseis now deprecated.Here is the discussion on moving in that direction:
See also this background on how it is done: How does argparse (and the deprecated optparse) respond to 'tab' keypress after python program name, in bash? - Stack Overflow