用 VHDL 实现累加器
我正在尝试使用 Xilinx 中的 Core Gen 实现签名累加器。根据我的理解,累加器执行普通寄存器的功能,它只是将输入路由到输出,但我想对此进行澄清。
我将 Accumulator IPcore (.xco) 模块添加到项目中,并且有一个主文件,其中基本上包含组件声明和端口映射。我也有一个单步过程。一切都编译完毕,我可以在板上看到结果,但不太明白发生了什么...
当我输入 1000
时,LED 上的 8 位输出是 11111000
。另一个输入 1111
给出了 11110111
。我在此处附加了名为 Accm
的主 vhd 文件和 .vho
文件的代码。
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
-- Uncomment the following library declaration if using
-- arithmetic functions with Signed or Unsigned values
--use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
-- Uncomment the following library declaration if instantiating
-- any Xilinx primitives in this code.
--library UNISIM;
--use UNISIM.VComponents.all;
entity Accm is
port( b: in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);
sclr, clk, b1, b2 : in std_logic;
q : out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0)
);
end Accm;
architecture Behavioral of Accm is
-- signal declaration
type tell is (rdy,pulse,not_rdy);
signal d_n_s: tell;
signal en: std_logic;
-- component declaration
COMPONENT my_accm
PORT (
b : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
clk : IN STD_LOGIC;
sclr : IN STD_LOGIC;
q : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0)
);
END COMPONENT;
-- port map
begin
A1 : my_accm
PORT MAP (
b => b,
clk => en,
sclr => sclr,
q => q
);
process(clk)
begin
if clk'event and clk='1' then
case d_n_s is
when rdy => en <= '0';
if b1='1' then d_n_s <= pulse; end if;
when pulse => en <= '1';
d_n_s <= not_rdy;
when not_rdy => en <='0';
if b2='1' then d_n_s <= rdy; end if;
end case;
end if;
end process;
-- .VHO CODE
------------- Begin Cut here for COMPONENT Declaration ------ COMP_TAG
COMPONENT my_accm
PORT (
b : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
clk : IN STD_LOGIC;
sclr : IN STD_LOGIC;
q : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0)
);
END COMPONENT;
-- COMP_TAG_END ------ End COMPONENT Declaration ------------
-- The following code must appear in the VHDL architecture
-- body. Substitute your own instance name and net names.
------------- Begin Cut here for INSTANTIATION Template ----- INST_TAG
your_instance_name : my_accm
PORT MAP (
b => b,
clk => clk,
sclr => sclr,
q => q
);
end Behavioral;
我还粘贴了我在 CoreGen 中生成的累加器的图像。
如果有人能向我解释该程序中发生的情况,我将不胜感激。谢谢!
I am trying to implement a signed accumulator using Core Gen in Xilinx. According to my understanding an accumulator performs the function of a normal register which is just routing the input to the output, but I wanted clarification on that.
I added the Accumulator IPcore (.xco) module to the project and I have a main file which basically contains the component declaration and the port map. I have a single step process too. Everything compiles and I can see the result on the board but don't quite understand what's going on...
When I input 1000
the 8 bit output on the LEDs is 11111000
. Another input of 1111
gives me 11110111
. I am attaching the code here for the main vhd file called Accm
and the .vho
file.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
-- Uncomment the following library declaration if using
-- arithmetic functions with Signed or Unsigned values
--use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;
-- Uncomment the following library declaration if instantiating
-- any Xilinx primitives in this code.
--library UNISIM;
--use UNISIM.VComponents.all;
entity Accm is
port( b: in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);
sclr, clk, b1, b2 : in std_logic;
q : out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0)
);
end Accm;
architecture Behavioral of Accm is
-- signal declaration
type tell is (rdy,pulse,not_rdy);
signal d_n_s: tell;
signal en: std_logic;
-- component declaration
COMPONENT my_accm
PORT (
b : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
clk : IN STD_LOGIC;
sclr : IN STD_LOGIC;
q : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0)
);
END COMPONENT;
-- port map
begin
A1 : my_accm
PORT MAP (
b => b,
clk => en,
sclr => sclr,
q => q
);
process(clk)
begin
if clk'event and clk='1' then
case d_n_s is
when rdy => en <= '0';
if b1='1' then d_n_s <= pulse; end if;
when pulse => en <= '1';
d_n_s <= not_rdy;
when not_rdy => en <='0';
if b2='1' then d_n_s <= rdy; end if;
end case;
end if;
end process;
-- .VHO CODE
------------- Begin Cut here for COMPONENT Declaration ------ COMP_TAG
COMPONENT my_accm
PORT (
b : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(3 DOWNTO 0);
clk : IN STD_LOGIC;
sclr : IN STD_LOGIC;
q : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR(7 DOWNTO 0)
);
END COMPONENT;
-- COMP_TAG_END ------ End COMPONENT Declaration ------------
-- The following code must appear in the VHDL architecture
-- body. Substitute your own instance name and net names.
------------- Begin Cut here for INSTANTIATION Template ----- INST_TAG
your_instance_name : my_accm
PORT MAP (
b => b,
clk => clk,
sclr => sclr,
q => q
);
end Behavioral;
I am also pasting an image of the accumualtor I generated in CoreGen.
I'D appreciate it if someone could explain me what is going on in this program. Thanks!
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“累加器”可以有很多含义。在硬件 Xilinx 库中,您实例化的组件是寄存器前面的加法器。加法器将累加器寄存器的当前值与输入项相加。累加器寄存器比输入宽,因此您可以累加(相加)许多输入项而不会溢出输出。
当电路启动时,累加器包含零。您输入 1000 (-8),当它与零相加时,输出将变为 11111000(-8 符号扩展)。然后添加 1111 (-1),输出变为 11110111(-9 符号扩展)。
完成“累加”后,断言 SCLR 将累加器寄存器清零(或使用 SSET 或 SINIT,根据您的逻辑而定)。
Xilinx 库的文档应涵盖所有这些内容(尝试单击 corgen 对话框中的“数据表”按钮)。
"Accumulator" can mean many things. In the hardware Xilinx library, the component you instantiated is an adder in front of a register. The adder is adding the current value of the accumulator register with the input term. The accumulator register is wider than the input so you can accumulate (add together) many input terms without overflowing the output.
When your circuit starts, the accumulator contains zero. You input 1000 (-8) which when added to zero becomes 11111000 (-8 sign extended) on the output. You then add 1111 (-1), and the output becomes 11110111 (-9 sign extended).
Once you are done "accumulating", assert SCLR to clear the accumulator register back to zero (or use SSET or SINIT, as appropriate for your logic).
This should all be covered by the documentation for the Xilinx library (try clicking the "datasheet" button in the corgen dialog).
事实上,我想我现在明白了。它的作用就像一个带有签名输入的
Adder
。我认为我对此是正确的,但希望得到任何澄清!Actually, I think I get it now. It's just acting like an
Adder
with signed inputs. I think I am correct on this but would appreciate any clarification!