如何使用 LINQ (c#) 连接两个集合并将集合转置为实体

Question

我有以下类：

public class Student
{
    public string StudentID { get; set; }
    public string StudentName { get; set; }
}
public class Marks
{
    public string StudentID { get; set; }
    public string SubjectName { get; set; }
    public string Score { get; set; }
} 

填充集合：

Collection<Student> objStudentCollection = new Collection<Student>();
Student student = new Student();
student.StudentID = "104517";
student.StudentName = "John";
objStudentCollection.Add(student);

student = new Student();
student.StudentID = "104520";
student.StudentName = "Stella";
objStudentCollection.Add(student);

Collection<Marks> objMarkCollection = new Collection<Marks>();
Marks marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104517";
marks.SubjectName = "English";
marks.Score = "85";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);

marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104517";
marks.SubjectName = "Science";
marks.Score = "60";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);


marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104517";
marks.SubjectName = "Mathematics";
marks.Score = "75";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);


marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104517";
marks.SubjectName = "Optional 1";
marks.Score = "75";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);


marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104520";
marks.SubjectName = "French";
marks.Score = "54";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);

marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104520";
marks.SubjectName = "Science";
marks.Score = "60";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);


marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104520";
marks.SubjectName = "Mathematics";
marks.Score = "75";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);


marks = new Marks();
marks.StudentID = "104520";
marks.SubjectName = "Optional 1";
marks.Score = "50";
objMarkCollection.Add(marks);

我想在 GridView 中绑定上述集合以显示如下：

学生ID |学生姓名 |英语 |法语 |数学|科学|可选 1 |总计

Answer 1

我认为您需要利用 GroupJoin 方法得到你想要的东西。
如果主题列表固定并且不会更改，您可以这样做：

var q = 
  objStudentCollection
  .GroupJoin(
    objMarkCollection,
    stu => stu.StudentID,
    mark => mark.StudentID,
    (stu, mark) =>
        new
        {
            student.StudentID,
            student.StudentName,
            English = mark.Where(m => m.SubjectName == "English").Sum(m => Convert.ToInt32(m.Score)),
            French  = mark.Where(m => m.SubjectName == "French").Sum(m => Convert.ToInt32(m.Score)),
            Mathematics  = mark.Where(m => m.SubjectName == "Mathematics").Sum(m => Convert.ToInt32(m.Score)),
            Science   = mark.Where(m => m.SubjectName == "Science").Sum(m => Convert.ToInt32(m.Score)),
            Optional1  = mark.Where(m => m.SubjectName == "Optional 1").Sum(m => Convert.ToInt32(m.Score)),
            Total = mark.Sum(m => Convert.ToInt32(m.Score)),
        })

这不是世界上最漂亮的代码，但它会给您一个匿名类型，每行包含您询问的数据为了。如果每个主题只有一个标记，您可以将 Sum 替换为 SingleOrDefault。

var subjects = 
    objMarkCollection
    .Select(mark => mark.SubjectName)
    .Distinct()
    .Dump();

var q =  
    objStudentCollection 
    .GroupJoin( 
        objMarkCollection, 
        stu => stu.StudentID, 
        mark => mark.StudentID, 
        (stu, mark) => 
            new 
            { 
                student.StudentID, 
                student.StudentName, 
                Marks = 
                    from s in subjects
                    join m in mark on s equals m.SubjectName into outer
                    from o in outer.DefaultIfEmpty()
                    select new
                    {
                        SubjectName = s,
                        Score = (o == null) ? 0 : Convert.ToInt32(o.Score),
                    },
                Total = mark.Sum(m => Convert.ToInt32(m.Score)), 
            }) 
    .Dump();

第二个解决方案将为您创建一个包含每个学生的匿名类型以及包括每个科目的分数集合（学生未参加的分数将为 0 分）。