需要 SSL 证书和客户端证书会在 WCF JSON 服务中引发异常

Question

我有一个使用 JSON 的简单 WCF 服务设置。在此服务中，我想使用带有客户端证书的客户端身份验证。我已通过设置文件夹 /site/services/wcf/json/ 将 IIS 6 配置为需要 SSL 并需要客户端证书。此设置通常称为 2 路 SSL。

但每当我尝试使用生成的 SSL 证书测试页面时，都会遇到异常。

服务“None”的 SSL 设置与 IIS“Ssl、SslNegotiateCert、SslRequireCert”的 SSL 设置不匹配。

Stack Trace: 

[NotSupportedException: The SSL settings for the service 'None' does not match those of the IIS 'Ssl, SslNegotiateCert, SslRequireCert'.]
   System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedAspNetEnvironment.ValidateHttpsSettings(String virtualPath, Nullable`1& requireClientCertificate) +117347
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpsChannelListener.ApplyHostedContext(String virtualPath, Boolean isMetadataListener) +97
   System.ServiceModel.Activation.HostedAspNetEnvironment.ApplyHostedContext(TransportChannelListener listener, BindingContext context) +84
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpsTransportBindingElement.BuildChannelListener(BindingContext context) +93
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingContext.BuildInnerChannelListener() +63
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.MessageEncodingBindingElement.InternalBuildChannelListener(BindingContext context) +67
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.WebMessageEncodingBindingElement.BuildChannelListener(BindingContext context) +49
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.BindingContext.BuildInnerChannelListener() +63
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.Binding.BuildChannelListener(Uri listenUriBaseAddress, String listenUriRelativeAddress, ListenUriMode listenUriMode, BindingParameterCollection parameters) +125
   System.ServiceModel.Description.DispatcherBuilder.MaybeCreateListener(Boolean actuallyCreate, Type[] supportedChannels, Binding binding, BindingParameterCollection parameters, Uri listenUriBaseAddress, String listenUriRelativeAddress, ListenUriMode listenUriMode, ServiceThrottle throttle, IChannelListener& result, Boolean supportContextSession) +337
   System.ServiceModel.Description.DispatcherBuilder.BuildChannelListener(StuffPerListenUriInfo stuff, ServiceHostBase serviceHost, Uri listenUri, ListenUriMode listenUriMode, Boolean supportContextSession, IChannelListener& result) +668
   System.ServiceModel.Description.DispatcherBuilder.InitializeServiceHost(ServiceDescription description, ServiceHostBase serviceHost) +1228
   System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.InitializeRuntime() +60
   System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.OnBeginOpen() +27
   System.ServiceModel.ServiceHostBase.OnOpen(TimeSpan timeout) +50
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open(TimeSpan timeout) +318
   System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Open() +36
   System.ServiceModel.HostingManager.ActivateService(String normalizedVirtualPath) +184
   System.ServiceModel.HostingManager.EnsureServiceAvailable(String normalizedVirtualPath) +615

我已经测试过证书安装正确。我创建了一个需要客户端身份验证的基本虚拟目录。该虚拟目录包含一个简单的 .htm 文件。我已确认它需要 https，并且它会向我提出客户端证书的挑战，当我证明有效的客户端证书时，它会显示 .htm 页面，而当我没有证明有效的证书时，它不会显示。

当将 IIS 中的这些相同设置应用到我的 WCF 服务时，出现上述异常。我尝试将服务配置为还需要 SSL 和客户端身份验证，但我仍然遇到上述异常。

这是我的设置。

<system.serviceModel>
<!-- behaviors -->
<behaviors>
    <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="jsonBehavior">
            <enableWebScript />
                <clientCredentials>
                <clientCertificate findValue="*.MyCompany.com" storeLocation="LocalMachine" x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" storeName="My" />
            </clientCredentials>
        </behavior>
    </endpointBehaviors>
    <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="">
            <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
            <serviceMetadata httpsGetEnabled="true" httpGetEnabled="false" />
            <serviceCredentials>
                    <serviceCertificate  findValue="*.MyCompany.com" storeLocation="LocalMachine" x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" storeName="My" />                                              
                </serviceCredentials>
        </behavior>
    </serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>

<!-- bindings -->
<bindings>
    <webHttpBinding>
        <binding name="webBinding">
            <security mode="Transport">
                <transport clientCredentialType="Certificate"/>
            </security> 
        </binding>
    </webHttpBinding>
</bindings>

<!-- services -->

<services>
    <service name="Service1Json" behaviorConfiguration="">
        <endpoint address="https://www.MyCompany.com/site/services/wcf/json/Service1.svc"
            behaviorConfiguration="jsonBehavior"
            binding="webHttpBinding"
            bindingConfiguration="webBinding"
            contract="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.IService1" />
    </service>
    <service name="Service2Json" behaviorConfiguration="">
        <endpoint address="https://www.MyCompany.com/site/Services/WCF/json/Service2.svc"
            behaviorConfiguration="jsonBehavior"
            binding="webHttpBinding"
            bindingConfiguration="webBinding"
            contract="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.IService2" />
    </service>
    <service name="Service3Json" behaviorConfiguration="">
        <endpoint address="https://www.MyCompany.com/site/services/wcf/json/Service3.svc"
            behaviorConfiguration="jsonBehavior"
            binding="webHttpBinding"
            bindingConfiguration="webBinding"
            contract="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.IService3" />
    </service>
</services>

<serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />

</system.serviceModel>

Answer 1

这个问题实际上比我上面描述的更复杂。最终的解决方案非常简单。

上面原始问题中没有提到的是我们有多个端点：1. SOAP 2. JSON。这些都需要使用双向 SSL 进行保护。

我们的错误如下：

1. 客户端和服务器凭据不是必需的。
2. 服务名称必须与 .svc 文件的名称匹配。
3. 端点地址必须不同。因此，对于 JSON 端点，我们添加了“json”。此外，我们从地址中删除了完全限定的 URI，并让 WCF 自动为我们生成它。

这是我们最终得到的最终配置：

<system.serviceModel>

    <!-- behaviors -->
    <behaviors>
        <endpointBehaviors>
            <behavior name="jsonBehavior">
                <enableWebScript />
            </behavior>
        </endpointBehaviors>
        <serviceBehaviors>
            <behavior name="">
                <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
                <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="false" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
            </behavior>
        </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>

    <!-- bindings -->
    <bindings>
        <basicHttpBinding>
            <binding name="httpBinding">
                <security mode="None">
                </security>
            </binding>
        </basicHttpBinding>
        <webHttpBinding>
            <binding name="webBinding">
                <security mode="None">
                </security>
            </binding>
        </webHttpBinding>
    </bindings>

    <!-- services -->
    <services>
        <service name="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="">
            <endpoint address="json"
                behaviorConfiguration="jsonBehavior"
                binding="webHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="webBinding"
                contract="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.IService1" />
            <endpoint address=""
                behaviorConfiguration=""
                binding="basicHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="httpBinding"
                contract="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.IService1" />
        </service>

        <service name="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.Service2" behaviorConfiguration="">
            <endpoint address="json"
                behaviorConfiguration="jsonBehavior"
                binding="webHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="webBinding"
                contract="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.IService2" />
            <endpoint address=""
                behaviorConfiguration=""
                binding="basicHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="httpBinding"
                contract="MyCompany.Services.Wcf.IService2" />
        </service>

    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />

</system.serviceModel>

如果我们选择让 SOAP 不使用 2 向 SSL 并且 JSON 需要 2 向 SSL，那么配置将会复杂得多。