C++ Mex 文件在 64 位 Linux 上使 matlab 崩溃,但在 32 位 Windows 上不会崩溃,但程序在 Matlab 之外运行良好

发布于 2024-12-18 08:06:27 字数 6165 浏览 2 评论 0原文

警告我在问题中提供的代码可能会使 matlab 和您的机器崩溃!

我已经为 C++ 类编写了一个 mex 网关函数。如果我使用 R2008a 在 32 位 Windows 上编译这个 mex 函数,我没有任何问题。如果我在运行 64 位 Scientific Linux(Red Hat Enterprise Linux 的一个版本)的 Matlab R2011a 上编译并运行,则在调用 mexfunction 时,matlab 会因段错误而退出,尽管它似乎在程序中运行了大约一半。 C++ 类可以在 Matlab 之外在两个平台上编译和运行(使用 main 函数),不会出现错误。我在 Windows 计算机上使用 Microsoft Visual C++ Express Edition,在 Linux 计算机上使用 gcc 4.4.5。

这是什么原因?我可以修复它吗?

可以从 http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~s0237326/downloads/mexcrash.zip。该 zip 文件包含 .m 和 .cpp 源代码以及用于测试的文本文件(Temp.fem,10kB)。文件 fmeshersetup.m 显示了我用来编译的命令。文件 Test_mexfmesher.m 使用适当的输入运行 mexfunction 进行测试。 mex网关函数是mexfmesher.cpp,它调用fmesher类,该类由fmesher目录中的文件组成。

总共有 13 个 C++ 源文件,这对于有人调试来说有点太高了,甚至对发生段错误的特定行也会感兴趣。

不幸的是,我无法访问 64 位 Linux 上可以与 Matlab 交互的图形调试器,并且希望有人能立即看到该问题,否则这将是一个已知问题。如前所述,当不作为 mex 文件运行时,程序运行良好,因此我无法在其他工具中找到错误,而且我对 gdb 不是很熟悉。我相信问题可能与对 C++ 函数“free”的调用有关。

下面是段错误的回溯:

Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x00007ffff721be36 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwservices.so
(gdb) backtrace
#0  0x00007ffff721be36 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwservices.so
#1  0x00000034daa914f2 in std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::flush() () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libstdc++.so.6
#2  0x00007ffff72302b0 in ioFlush () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwservices.so
#3  0x00007ffff61303f5 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#4  0x00007ffff61330ec in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#5  0x00007ffff6130c7a in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#6  0x00007ffff6131741 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#7  0x00007ffff618a7d9 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#8  0x00007ffff686d7ef in Mfh_file::dispatch_fh(int, mxArray_tag**, int, mxArray_tag**) () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_dispatcher.so
#9  0x00007ffff61731f0 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#10 0x00007ffff6114975 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#11 0x00007ffff612e96e in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#12 0x00007ffff61330ec in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#13 0x00007ffff6130c7a in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#14 0x00007ffff6131741 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#15 0x00007ffff618a7d9 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#16 0x00007ffff686d7ef in Mfh_file::dispatch_fh(int, mxArray_tag**, int, mxArray_tag**) () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_dispatcher.so
#17 0x00007ffff61669b2 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#18 0x00007ffff6128e13 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#19 0x00007ffff6127eb7 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#20 0x00007ffff6128397 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#21 0x00007ffff6d378fe in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwbridge.so
#22 0x00007ffff6d384ae in mnParser () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwbridge.so
#23 0x00007ffff6ae0d39 in mcrInstance::mnParser_on_interpreter_thread() () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#24 0x00007ffff6ac3db2 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#25 0x00007ffff6ac3ec0 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#26 0x00007fffee8badb6 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwuix.so
#27 0x00007fffee8c413d in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwuix.so
#28 0x00007fffef3110bd in sysq::during_F<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, boost::shared_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > std::for_each<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>*, std::vector<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, std::allocator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > > >, sysq::during_F<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, boost::shared_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > >(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>*, std::vector<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, std::allocator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > > >, __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>*, std::vector<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, std::allocator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > > >, sysq::during_F<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, boost::shared_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> >) ()
   from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libuij.so
#29 0x00007fffef312989 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libuij.so
#30 0x00007fffef30f4ae in svWS_ProcessPendingEvents(int, int, bool) () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libuij.so
#31 0x00007ffff6ac21c7 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#32 0x00007ffff6ac260a in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#33 0x00007ffff6ac2d6f in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#34 0x00000034d7a077e1 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#35 0x00000034d72e573d in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
(gdb) quit

WARNING The code I provide in my question may crash matlab AND your machine!!!

I have written a mex gateway function to a C++ class. If I compile this mex function on 32Bit windows using R2008a I have no problems. If I compile and run on Matlab R2011a running 64bit Scientific Linux (a version of Red Hat Enterprize Linux) matlab exits with a segfault when the mexfunction is called, although it appears to run about halfway through the program. The C++ class can be compiled and run (with a main function) outside of Matlab on both platforms with no errors. I am using Microsoft Visual C++ Express Edition on the windows machine, and gcc 4.4.5 on the Linux machine.

What is the cause of this and can I fix it?

A zip file containing the code and data files necessary to reproduce the problem can be downloaded from http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~s0237326/downloads/mexcrash.zip. This zip file contains the .m and .cpp source code, and a text file for testing (Temp.fem, 10kB). The file fmeshersetup.m shows the commands I am using to compile. The file Test_mexfmesher.m runs the mexfunction with an appropriate input for testing. The mex gateway function is mexfmesher.cpp, it calls the fmesher class which is made up of the files in the fmesher directory.

There are a total of 13 C++ source files, which is a bit much to expect someone to debug, even the particular line on which the segfault occurs woud be of interest.

Unfortunately I do not have access to a graphical debugger on 64bit linux that can interface with Matlab, and was hoping someone would immediately see the problem, or it would be a known problem. As stated, when run not as a mex file, the program runs fine, so I cannot locate the error in another tool, and I'm not very familiar with gdb. I believe the problem might be related to a calls to the C++ function 'free'.

Below is a backtrace from the segfault:

Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
0x00007ffff721be36 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwservices.so
(gdb) backtrace
#0  0x00007ffff721be36 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwservices.so
#1  0x00000034daa914f2 in std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::flush() () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libstdc++.so.6
#2  0x00007ffff72302b0 in ioFlush () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwservices.so
#3  0x00007ffff61303f5 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#4  0x00007ffff61330ec in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#5  0x00007ffff6130c7a in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#6  0x00007ffff6131741 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#7  0x00007ffff618a7d9 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#8  0x00007ffff686d7ef in Mfh_file::dispatch_fh(int, mxArray_tag**, int, mxArray_tag**) () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_dispatcher.so
#9  0x00007ffff61731f0 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#10 0x00007ffff6114975 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#11 0x00007ffff612e96e in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#12 0x00007ffff61330ec in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#13 0x00007ffff6130c7a in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#14 0x00007ffff6131741 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#15 0x00007ffff618a7d9 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#16 0x00007ffff686d7ef in Mfh_file::dispatch_fh(int, mxArray_tag**, int, mxArray_tag**) () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_dispatcher.so
#17 0x00007ffff61669b2 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#18 0x00007ffff6128e13 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#19 0x00007ffff6127eb7 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#20 0x00007ffff6128397 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwm_interpreter.so
#21 0x00007ffff6d378fe in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwbridge.so
#22 0x00007ffff6d384ae in mnParser () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwbridge.so
#23 0x00007ffff6ae0d39 in mcrInstance::mnParser_on_interpreter_thread() () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#24 0x00007ffff6ac3db2 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#25 0x00007ffff6ac3ec0 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#26 0x00007fffee8badb6 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwuix.so
#27 0x00007fffee8c413d in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwuix.so
#28 0x00007fffef3110bd in sysq::during_F<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, boost::shared_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > std::for_each<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>*, std::vector<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, std::allocator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > > >, sysq::during_F<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, boost::shared_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > >(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>*, std::vector<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, std::allocator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > > >, __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>*, std::vector<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, std::allocator<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> > > >, sysq::during_F<boost::weak_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook>, boost::shared_ptr<sysq::ws_ppeHook> >) ()
   from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libuij.so
#29 0x00007fffef312989 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libuij.so
#30 0x00007fffef30f4ae in svWS_ProcessPendingEvents(int, int, bool) () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libuij.so
#31 0x00007ffff6ac21c7 in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#32 0x00007ffff6ac260a in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#33 0x00007ffff6ac2d6f in ?? () from /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/../../bin/glnxa64/libmwmcr.so
#34 0x00000034d7a077e1 in start_thread () from /lib64/libpthread.so.0
#35 0x00000034d72e573d in clone () from /lib64/libc.so.6
(gdb) quit

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等往事风中吹 2024-12-25 08:06:27

您尝试使用“free”来释放实际指向 NULL 的指针的内存。细心的程序员会在尝试使用 free 之前检查是否是这种情况。有些图书馆会对此进行自动检查。

作为独立编译时您没有注意到这一点的原因可能是因为 matlab 使用自己的 libstdc++ (存储在 /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/libstdc++.so.6 中)而不是主库(存储在 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ 中)。

如果你是 sudoer,你应该强制 matlab 使用主 libstdc++,这可以解决 mex 文件的许多问题:

cd /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/
sudo mkdir old
sudo mv libstdc++.so.6* old
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6

You have attempted to use 'free' to free memory with a pointer which actually points to NULL. A careful programmer would check if this is the case before attempting to use free. Some libraries will have an automatic check for this.

The reason you did not notice this when compiling as a standalone may be due to the fact that matlab uses its own libstdc++ (stored in /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/libstdc++.so.6) instead of the main one (stored in /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/).

If you are sudoer, You should force matlab to use the main libstdc++, this can solve many problems with mex files:

cd /opt/matlab-2011a/bin/glnxa64/
sudo mkdir old
sudo mv libstdc++.so.6* old
sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 libstdc++.so.6
~没有更多了~
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