如何在 Perl 中比较两个文件并显示差异？

Question

我正在尝试编写 Perl 脚本来比较 2 个文件的内容，以便它列出所看到的任何差异。尝试以下操作，但我不确定如何继续。请注意，以下只是脚本的一部分，因为我已经预先对这两个文件的内容进行了排序。提前致谢。

open (FILE1, "log") || die ("Can't open file log for reading") ;
open (FILE2, "master") || die ("Can't open file master for reading") ;

@file1 = <FILE1> ;
@file2 = <FILE2> ;

#$perlcompare = (compare('log','master')== 0) ;
#die ("Log and master files are equal and match.\n") ;

if (@file1 eq @file2) {

print "Log and master are equal and match.\n" ;
} else  ????????????

exit 0;

Answer 1

如果你需要留在 Perl 中，有 File::Compare ，它只会比较文件。

为了显示差异，有 Text::Diff。

C:\Temp> cat file1
1
2
3
4
5

C:\Temp> cat file2
1
2
3
5

#!/usr/bin/env perl

use strict; use warnings;

use Text::Diff;

my $diffs = diff 'file1' => 'file2';

print $diffs;

输出

C:\Temp> t
--- file1       Fri Nov 18 00:01:40 2011
+++ file2       Fri Nov 18 00:01:49 2011
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 1
 2
 3
-4
+5
-5

Answer 2

如果您可以使用 perl 之外的其他任何东西，我会推荐 diff(1) 或 comm(1)

comm -3 sorted-file-1 sorted-file-2

Answer 3

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use List::Compare;

open (my $log, "<", "log") or die $!;
open (my $master, "<", "master") or die $!;
my @content_log=<$log>;
my @content_master=<$master>;

my $lc = List::Compare->new(\@content_log, \@content_master);    
my @intersection = $lc->get_intersection;
my @firstonly = $lc->get_unique;
my @secondonly = $lc->get_complement;

print "Common Items:\n"."@intersection"."\n";
print "Items Only in First List:\n"."@firstonly"."\n";
print "Items Only in Second List:\n"."@secondonly"."\n";

print "log\n", $lc->get_unique,"\n"; 
print "master\n", $lc->get_complement,"\n"; 

close $log;
close $master;