如何限制单个 Windows 会话中运行的应用程序实例的数量?
前段时间我问过限制 Windows 中同时运行的 Excel 实例的数量。
感谢我在 StackOverflow.com 上获得的帮助,我能够组合以下函数,如果已经有另一个 Excel 实例正在运行,则可以关闭启动的任何 Excel 实例。
Private Function KillDuplicateProcesses() As Boolean
Dim objWMIService As Object
Dim colItems As Variant
Dim objItem As Object
Dim intCount As Integer
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\.\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.InstancesOf("Win32_Process")
For Each objItem In colItems
intCount = intCount + Abs(LCase(objItem.Name) = "excel.exe")
If intCount > 1 Then
MsgBox "Excel is already running." & vbCrLf & vbCrLf & _
"To open a file use " & IIf(Application.Version >= 12, "Office Button", "File") & " > Open (Ctrl + O).", vbCritical
KillDuplicateProcesses = True
Application.Quit
Exit For
End If
Next
End Function
问题是,如果用户以管理员身份登录远程桌面会话,则该用户帐户可以看到所有其他用户以及他们正在运行的进程。因此,如果另一个用户登录到同一台计算机并正在运行 Excel,该函数也会对这些实例进行计数,并关闭刚刚启动的 Excel 实例。
我需要将该函数的范围限制为当前正在运行的会话。根据 MSDN 文档 有一个名为 SessionID 的类属性。我可以使用该属性并将其与当前会话的 ID 进行比较以限制函数的计数,还是有更好的方法来做到这一点?
任何建议将不胜感激。
谢谢!
下面是根据 Tim 建议的解决方案代码。注意我将 GetOwner 属性与 Environ UserName 和 UserDomain 进行比较。 Environ 被认为是不可靠的,因为它可以由用户更改。
Private Function KillDuplicateProcesses() As Boolean
Dim objWMIService As Object
Dim colItems As Variant
Dim objItem As Object
Dim intCount As Integer
Dim strProcessUser As Variant
Dim strProcessDomain As Variant
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\.\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_Process WHERE Name = 'excel.exe'")
If colItems.Count > 1 Then
For Each objItem In colItems
strProcessUser = ""
strProcessDomain = ""
objItem.GetOwner strProcessUser, strProcessDomain
If IsNull(strProcessUser) Then strProcessUser = ""
If IsNull(strProcessDomain) Then strProcessDomain = ""
intCount = intCount + Abs(strProcessUser = Environ("UserName") _
And strProcessDomain = Environ("UserDomain"))
If intCount > 1 Then
MsgBox "You cannot run more than one instance of Excel while iTools is activated." & vbCrLf & vbCrLf & _
"To open a file use " & IIf(Application.Version >= 12, "Office Button", "File") & " > Open (Ctrl + O).", vbCritical
KillDuplicateProcesses = True
Application.Quit
Exit For
End If
Next
End If
End Function
Some time ago on I asked about limiting the number of instances of Excel being run concurrently in Windows.
Thanks to the help I got on StackOverflow.com I was able to put together the following function that shuts down any instance of Excel that is launched if there is already another instance of Excel running.
Private Function KillDuplicateProcesses() As Boolean
Dim objWMIService As Object
Dim colItems As Variant
Dim objItem As Object
Dim intCount As Integer
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\.\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.InstancesOf("Win32_Process")
For Each objItem In colItems
intCount = intCount + Abs(LCase(objItem.Name) = "excel.exe")
If intCount > 1 Then
MsgBox "Excel is already running." & vbCrLf & vbCrLf & _
"To open a file use " & IIf(Application.Version >= 12, "Office Button", "File") & " > Open (Ctrl + O).", vbCritical
KillDuplicateProcesses = True
Application.Quit
Exit For
End If
Next
End Function
The problem is that if a user is logged onto a remote desktop session as an administrator, that user account can see all of the other users and the processes that they have running. So if another user is logged onto the same machine and is running Excel, the function counts those instances as well and shuts down the instance of Excel that has just been launched.
I need to limit the scope of that function to the currently running session. According to MSDN documentation there is a class property called SessionID. Can I use that property and compare it against the current session's ID to limit what the function counts, or is there a better way to do it?
Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks!
Below is the solution code per Tim's suggestion. Note I am comparing the GetOwner properties against Environ UserName and UserDomain. Environ is considered unreliable because it can be changed by the user.
Private Function KillDuplicateProcesses() As Boolean
Dim objWMIService As Object
Dim colItems As Variant
Dim objItem As Object
Dim intCount As Integer
Dim strProcessUser As Variant
Dim strProcessDomain As Variant
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\.\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_Process WHERE Name = 'excel.exe'")
If colItems.Count > 1 Then
For Each objItem In colItems
strProcessUser = ""
strProcessDomain = ""
objItem.GetOwner strProcessUser, strProcessDomain
If IsNull(strProcessUser) Then strProcessUser = ""
If IsNull(strProcessDomain) Then strProcessDomain = ""
intCount = intCount + Abs(strProcessUser = Environ("UserName") _
And strProcessDomain = Environ("UserDomain"))
If intCount > 1 Then
MsgBox "You cannot run more than one instance of Excel while iTools is activated." & vbCrLf & vbCrLf & _
"To open a file use " & IIf(Application.Version >= 12, "Office Button", "File") & " > Open (Ctrl + O).", vbCritical
KillDuplicateProcesses = True
Application.Quit
Exit For
End If
Next
End If
End Function
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