使用 underscore.js 创建 javascript 自定义错误对象的快捷方式？

发布于 2024-12-15 13:58:15 字数 568 浏览 4 评论 0原文

有没有一种干净的方法以某种方式使用 underscore.js _.extend 函数（或任何其他函数）来创建从基 Error 类继承的自定义 Error 类？我正在寻找一种类似骨干的方式来做到这一点。

尝试过这个：

InternalError = function(message, args) {
    message || (message = {});
    this.initialize(message, args);
};
_.extend(InternalError.prototype, Error.prototype, {
    initialize: function(message, args) {
        this.message = message;
        this.name = 'InternalError';
    }
});

var error1 = new Error('foo');
var error2 = new InternalError('bar');
console.warn(error1, error2);
throw error2;

但它不起作用:(。

原文

Is there a clean way to somehow use underscore.js _.extend function (or any other) to create custom Error classes that inherit from base Error class? I'm looking for a backbone-like way to do this.

Tried this :

InternalError = function(message, args) {
    message || (message = {});
    this.initialize(message, args);
};
_.extend(InternalError.prototype, Error.prototype, {
    initialize: function(message, args) {
        this.message = message;
        this.name = 'InternalError';
    }
});

var error1 = new Error('foo');
var error2 = new InternalError('bar');
console.warn(error1, error2);
throw error2;

But it is not working :(.

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鱼窥荷 2024-12-22 13:58:15

(请原谅我关于原型继承的小括号。您可以跳过此部分并查看下面的答案。

为了让一个对象扩展另一个对象，子的原型必须是您可以在网上找到许多关于此的好资源，但不幸的是，也有很多不好的资源，因此我建议您阅读这篇文章：http://javascript.crockford.com/prototypal.html 。
通过 new 关键字实例化的新对象：new f() 返回其原型对象的副本：f.prototype.承认这一点，您意识到为了扩展对象 x，当前对象的原型必须是一个新的 x 实例：

function Person(){};
Person.prototype.speak = function(){
    alert("I'm a person");
}
function StackoverflowUser(){};
StackoverflowUser.prototype = new Person();
// now StackOverflowUser is a Person too

)

您实际上不需要 underscore.js那：

var InternalError = function(msg,args){
    return this.initialize(msg||{},args);
}

// inherit from the Error object
InternalError.prototype = new Error();

// overwrite the constructor prop too
InternalError.constructor = InternalError;
InternalError.prototype.initialize = function(msg,args){
    this.message = msg;
    this.name = 'InternalError';
}

var err = new InternalError("I'm an internal error!");
alert(err instanceof Error); // true
throw err;

如果你真的想使用 underscore.js ：

var InternalError = function(msg,args){
    return this.initialize(msg||{},args);
}
_.extend(InternalError.prototype,new Error(),{
    initialize : function(msg,args){
        this.message = msg;
        this.name = 'InternalError';
    },
    constructor : InternalError
});

(Excuse my small parenthesis about prototypal inheritance. You can skip this and see the answer below.

In order for an object to extend another one, the child's prototype must be an instance of it's parent. You can find many good resources on the web about this, but, unfortunately, many bad ones as well, so I recommend you take a peak at this article : http://javascript.crockford.com/prototypal.html .
A new object instantiated via the new keyword : new f() returns a copy of it's prototype object : f.prototype. Acknowledging this, you realize that in order to extend an object x, your current object's prototype must be a new x instance :

function Person(){};
Person.prototype.speak = function(){
    alert("I'm a person");
}
function StackoverflowUser(){};
StackoverflowUser.prototype = new Person();
// now StackOverflowUser is a Person too

)

you don't actually need underscore.js for that :

var InternalError = function(msg,args){
    return this.initialize(msg||{},args);
}

// inherit from the Error object
InternalError.prototype = new Error();

// overwrite the constructor prop too
InternalError.constructor = InternalError;
InternalError.prototype.initialize = function(msg,args){
    this.message = msg;
    this.name = 'InternalError';
}

var err = new InternalError("I'm an internal error!");
alert(err instanceof Error); // true
throw err;

if you really want to use underscore.js :

var InternalError = function(msg,args){
    return this.initialize(msg||{},args);
}
_.extend(InternalError.prototype,new Error(),{
    initialize : function(msg,args){
        this.message = msg;
        this.name = 'InternalError';
    },
    constructor : InternalError
});

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