非托管 C++ 的 C# 包装器
我发现这里有人提出了关于用 C# 包装非托管 C++ 的类似问题，但它们似乎都与特定的实现问题有关。我想知道使用 C# 和非托管 C++ 时的一般方法是什么。
例如，我有很多用非托管 C++ 编写的类，我希望能够通过 .NET 使用它们（最好是在 Excel 中使用 VBA）。到目前为止，我一直在使用托管 C++/CLI 来执行此操作，但是我注意到我宁愿避免使用该语言的一些奇怪之处。进一步阅读，似乎我可以将非托管 C++ 包装在 C# 中，然后直接访问 .NET（同时完全避免托管 C++/CLI）。这可能吗？如果可能的话，最好的方法是什么？谢谢你的帮助。
I see that there have been similar questions asked here regarding wrapping unmanaged C++ with C# but they all seem to be about specific implementation issues. I'd like to know what the general approach is when using C# and unmanaged C++.
For example, I have quite a few classes written in unmanaged C++ that I want to be able to use through .NET (ideally with VBA in Excel). I've been using managed C++/CLI to do this so far, however have noticed some oddities with the language that I'd rather avoid. Reading further it seems as though I could wrap my unmanaged C++ in C# and then have direct access to .NET (while completely avoiding managed C++/CLI). Is this possible and if so what's the best way to go about it? Thank you for the help.
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您有三种选择：
如果您的目标确实是 Excel/VBA，那么由于您无论如何都会创建 COM 对象，所以我会选择选项 2 并直接使用 ATL 来创建 COM 类。虽然这完全绕过了 .NET，但使用 .NET 在 C++ 代码和 Excel 之间进行交互对我来说一直是个麻烦。
You have three choices:
If your goal is really Excel/VBA, since you're going to make COM objects anyway, I'd go with option 2 and make COM classes directly using ATL. This bypasses .NET completely though, but using .NET to interface between C++ code and Excel has always been a hassle for me.
如果您想完全避免使用 C++/CLI 并使用纯 C# 来访问本机代码，那么必须通过直接 P/Invoke 逐个方法进行。如果您有大量非托管代码，这几乎肯定不理想。
就我个人而言，我认为“最佳”解决方案是继续使用 C++/CLI 围绕本机代码编写托管包装器，公开尽可能简单的公共接口以降低复杂性。
If you're wanting to avoid C++/CLI completely and use pure C# to access your native code, then it would have to be through direct P/Invoke, method by method. This is almost certainly not ideal if you have a large amount of unmanaged code.
Personally, I would think the "best" solution would be to continue using C++/CLI to write managed wrappers around your native code that expose the simplest possible public interfaces to reduce the complexity.