Cython 编译 C 扩展：ImportError：动态模块未定义 init 函数
我刚刚使用 Cython 编译了部分 C 库作为扩展，作为“概念证明”。我设法破解了代码（除了常量正确性问题等），最终构建了一个扩展。
但是，当我尝试导入新创建的扩展时，出现以下错误：
ImportError: dynamic module does not define init function
我做错了什么以及如何解决此问题？
我在 Ubuntu 10.0.4 上使用 Cythn 0.11.2 和 Python 2.6.5
I have just compiled part of my C library as an extension using Cython, as a "proof of concept". I managed to hack the code (const correctnes problems etc aside), to finally get an extension built.
However, when I attempted to import the newly created extension, I got the following error:
ImportError: dynamic module does not define init function
What am I doing wrong and how do I fix this?
I am using Cythn 0.11.2 and Python 2.6.5 on Ubuntu 10.0.4
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我发现此问题的一个常见原因是，当使用 distutils 安装文件编译代码时，.pyx 基本名称与扩展名不匹配，例如：
为了避免该问题，扩展名应该与同样，在本例中为 cython_ext。
I've found that a frequent cause of this problem is, when using a distutils setup file to compile the code, that the .pyx base name does not match the extension name, e.g:
To avoid the problem the extension name should be exactly the same, in this case,
cython_ext.看来这是 Cython 中的错误/功能。我有同样的事情，但只是添加：
到我的 .pyx 文件的顶部，问题就消失了。如果没有全局初始化（cinit 或设置全局变量），则不会生成所需的初始化代码。
It appears that it's a bug/feature in Cython. I had the same thing, but simply added:
to the top of my .pyx file and the issue went away. It appears if there is no global initialization (a cinit or setting a global variable), that the required initialization code isn't generated.
这是一个很晚的答案 - 但我遇到了同样的错误，当我使用 __cinit__ 而不是 __init__ 时，我的错误消失了。我仍在了解扩展类型，所以目前我不知道为什么会发生这种情况。 :) （您可以查看 http:// docs.cython.org/src/reference/extension_types.html#initialization-cinit-and-init）希望这对某人有用。
This is a very late answer - but I just had the same error, and mine went away when I used
__cinit__instead of__init__. I'm still learing about extension types so currently I do not know why this happens. :) (You can take a look at http://docs.cython.org/src/reference/extension_types.html#initialization-cinit-and-init) Hope this is useful to someone.在我的例子中，另一个非常晚的答案是我不小心在运行 python2 的终端中调用了 cython，同时尝试使用 python3 从另一个 python 环境上的终端使用生成的库。
到处使用相同的 python 版本修复了它。
Another really late answer in my case I had accidentally called cython in a terminal that was running python2, while trying to use the generated library from a terminal that was on another python environment, using python3.
Using the same python version everywhere fixed it.
同样是一个迟到的答案......但我一直在寻找特别回到这个问题的方法。这可能与 Dologan 解决的名称不匹配问题有关。
在我的例子中发生的事情是，我正在改编一个我已经开始工作的示例，并得到了
module does not Define init function错误。这是通过使用（例如）验证的在此命令的输出中，我搜索了“init”并发现
我已从
setup.py和 .pyx 文件中删除了“example”的所有实例，但即使从site-packages< 中删除扩展名后，这种情况仍然存在/code>，删除 build 和 dist 文件夹等。我终于发现从我的 .pyx 文件生成的 .cpp 文件仍然引用了中的类名的例子。一旦我重新运行我的setup.py，导入就可以工作，并且 .so 文件确实包含Likewise a late answer... but I kept finding my way back to this question in particular. It probably is related to the mismatched names issue that Dologan addresses.
What happened in my case was that I was adapting an example I'd gotten to work, and got the
module does not define init functionerror. This was verified by using (e.g.)In this command's output I searched for 'init' and found
I had removed all instances of 'example' from my
setup.pyand .pyx file, but this persisted even after removing the extension fromsite-packages, removing the build and dist folders, etc. I finally found that the .cpp file being generated from my .pyx file was still referring to the class name in the example. Once I reran mysetup.py, import works, and indeed the .so file includes我也遇到过这个问题。确保您的 Cython 文件至少包含以下内容之一：
defcdef class）a=None或记录器加载否则，Cython 将不会生成加载模块所需的
PyInit例程，因此 Python 无法导入该模块。I've also ran into this problem. Make sure that your Cython file contains at least one of the following:
defcdef class)a=Noneor a logger loadOtherwise Cython won't generate a
PyInitroutine needed to load the module, and as such the module won't be importable by Python.我遇到了同样的错误，并通过在“在专用控制台中执行”模式下运行主 .py 脚本来解决。在“工具”-“首选项”-“运行”中可用。
I had the same error and was solved by running the main .py script in "Execute in a dedicated console " mode. Available in Tools - Preferences - Run.
通过向函数添加文档字符串可以解决此问题。
This is solved by adding a doc-string to your functions.
我通过
希望它有帮助来解决它。
I solve it by
Hope it helps.