嵌入式Linux USB设备检测端口和地址

发布于 2024-12-13 19:02:11 字数 3721 浏览 4 评论 0原文

我正在为我的主板开发 USB 应用程序。它有两个 USB 端口。当我将 USB 驱动器插入每个设备时，我在控制台上收到以下消息：

在端口 1 上：

usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using atmel-ehci and address 4
usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=5567
usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
usb 1-1: Product: Cruzer Blade
usb 1-1: Manufacturer: SanDisk
usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 3515430A2EE2729D
scsi2 : usb-storage 1-1:1.0
scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access     SanDisk  Cruzer Blade     8.02 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] 7856127 512-byte logical blocks: (4.02 GB/3.74 GiB)
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
 sdb:
 sdb1
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk

在端口 2 上：

usb 1-2: USB disconnect, address 3
usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using atmel-ehci and address 5
usb 1-2: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=5567
usb 1-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
usb 1-2: Product: Cruzer Blade
usb 1-2: Manufacturer: SanDisk
usb 1-2: SerialNumber: 3515430A2EE2729D
scsi3 : usb-storage 1-2:1.0
scsi 3:0:0:0: Direct-Access     SanDisk  Cruzer Blade     8.02 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] 7856127 512-byte logical blocks: (4.02 GB/3.74 GiB)
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
 sda:
 sda1
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk

但这些消息都在控制台上。

我想检测哪个设备已连接到具有该地址的哪个端口（如 sda、sdb 等）。

我对此进行了谷歌搜索，发现两个独立提供此信息的系统路径： 1) /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-x

2) /sys/class/scsi_disk/x:0:0:0/device

第一个给出这个信息：

1-2:1.0               bus                   maxchild                            
authorized            busnum                product                             
bConfigurationValue   configuration         quirks                              
bDeviceClass          descriptors           remove                              
bDeviceProtocol       dev                   serial                            
bDeviceSubClass       devnum                speed                               
bMaxPacketSize0       devpath               subsystem                           
bMaxPower             driver                uevent                              
bNumConfigurations    ep_00                 urbnum                              
bNumInterfaces        idProduct             usb_device:usbdev1.4                
bcdDevice             idVendor              version                             
bmAttributes          manufacturer

第二个提供了这个信息：

block:sdb            iorequest_cnt        scsi_disk:2:0:0:0                     
bus                  max_sectors          scsi_level                            
delete               modalias             state                                 
device_blocked       model                subsystem                             
driver               queue_depth          timeout                               
evt_media_change     queue_type           type                                  
iocounterbits        rescan               uevent                                
iodone_cnt           rev                  vendor                                
ioerr_cnt            scsi_device:2:0:0:0

所以这两个数据结构之间没有共同的信息。我可以得到端口号。和序列号。第一个路径中的 USB 设备。我可以从第二条路径获取地址（sda、sdb等）。但他们之间没有共同信息。我如何知道端口 1 上的特定 USB 设备已安装在 sda 上？或者端口 2 上的设备（如果安装在 sdc 上）？

原文

I'm developing a USB application for my board. It has two USB ports. When I plug in a USB drive in each of them I get the following messages on console :

On port 1 :

usb 1-1: new high speed USB device using atmel-ehci and address 4
usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=5567
usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
usb 1-1: Product: Cruzer Blade
usb 1-1: Manufacturer: SanDisk
usb 1-1: SerialNumber: 3515430A2EE2729D
scsi2 : usb-storage 1-1:1.0
scsi 2:0:0:0: Direct-Access     SanDisk  Cruzer Blade     8.02 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] 7856127 512-byte logical blocks: (4.02 GB/3.74 GiB)
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
 sdb:
 sdb1
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 2:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk

On port 2 :

usb 1-2: USB disconnect, address 3
usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using atmel-ehci and address 5
usb 1-2: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=5567
usb 1-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
usb 1-2: Product: Cruzer Blade
usb 1-2: Manufacturer: SanDisk
usb 1-2: SerialNumber: 3515430A2EE2729D
scsi3 : usb-storage 1-2:1.0
scsi 3:0:0:0: Direct-Access     SanDisk  Cruzer Blade     8.02 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] 7856127 512-byte logical blocks: (4.02 GB/3.74 GiB)
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
 sda:
 sda1
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 3:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk

But these messages are on the console.

I want to detect which device has been connected to which port with the address (like sda, sdb, etc.)

I have google a bit on this and found two system paths that give this info independently :
1) /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-x

2) /sys/class/scsi_disk/x:0:0:0/device

The first one gives this info :

1-2:1.0               bus                   maxchild                            
authorized            busnum                product                             
bConfigurationValue   configuration         quirks                              
bDeviceClass          descriptors           remove                              
bDeviceProtocol       dev                   serial                            
bDeviceSubClass       devnum                speed                               
bMaxPacketSize0       devpath               subsystem                           
bMaxPower             driver                uevent                              
bNumConfigurations    ep_00                 urbnum                              
bNumInterfaces        idProduct             usb_device:usbdev1.4                
bcdDevice             idVendor              version                             
bmAttributes          manufacturer

The second one gives this info :

block:sdb            iorequest_cnt        scsi_disk:2:0:0:0                     
bus                  max_sectors          scsi_level                            
delete               modalias             state                                 
device_blocked       model                subsystem                             
driver               queue_depth          timeout                               
evt_media_change     queue_type           type                                  
iocounterbits        rescan               uevent                                
iodone_cnt           rev                  vendor                                
ioerr_cnt            scsi_device:2:0:0:0

So there is no common info between these two datastructures. I can get the port no. and serial no. of the USB device from the first path. And I can get the address (sda, sdb, etc.) from the second path. But there is no common info between them. How can I know that a particular USB device on port 1 is mounted on sda ? Or a device on port 2 if mounted on sdc ??

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汹涌人海 2024-12-20 19:02:11

正如其他人所建议的，使用 udev 可能是一种干净的方法。但要直接回答你的问题，如果你枚举 /sys/block 并读取所有块设备的符号链接（即 readlink），你会看到如下内容：

sde -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2.4/1-1.2.4.4/1-1.2.4.4:1.0/host12/target12:0:0/12:0:0:1/block/sde

符号链接完成了你所寻找的信息，这就是USB拓扑中块设备和节点的关系。

另外，请注意问题最后引用的文本中的“块：”。

As other folks suggest, using udev might be a clean approach. But to answer your question directly, if you enumerate /sys/block and read the symlinks (i.e. readlink) of all block devices, you'd see something such as:

sde -> ../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2.4/1-1.2.4.4/1-1.2.4.4:1.0/host12/target12:0:0/12:0:0:1/block/sde

The symlink completes the information you seek, which is the relationship between the block device and the node in the USB topology.

Also, notice the "block:" in the last quoted text of your question.

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十秒萌定你 2024-12-20 19:02:11

我相信你应该了解更多关于 udev （或者hal 在旧系统上）。

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拥抱没勇气 2024-12-20 19:02:11

您可以使用 udev 子系统 在系统启动期间映射设备

使用命令
[lsusb] 和 [lsusb -v] 识别您想要控制的每个设备的 VendorID、ProductID 和 SerialID
在[/etc/udev/rules.d/]中创建新文件，假设文件名为[77-my.rules]
内容基于以下模板：
子系统==“usb”，内核==“ttyUSB*”，ATTRS {idVendor}==“0781”，
ATTRS{idProduct}==“5567”，ATTRS{序列}==“3515430A2EE2729D”，
SYMLINK+="mydisk00"
子系统==“usb”，内核==“ttyUSB*”，ATTRS {idVendor}==“0781”，
ATTRS{idProduct}=="5567", ATTRS{serial}=="3515430A2EE2ABA", SYMLINK+="mydisk11"
重新启动 udev 子系统 [/etc/init.d/udev restart ] 或重新启动 linux 盒子。