C 语言中的 Shell
我想用C语言在Linux操作系统下写一个shell。
该项目中使用的库和函数的名称是什么？
谢谢。
I want to write a shell in the Linux operating system with the C language.
What is the name of the libraries and functions to use in this project?
thank you.
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您可能至少需要：
单一 UNIX 规范手册页 是所需任何附加功能的良好资源。
You will probably want, at the very least:
The Single UNIX Specification Man Pages are a good resource for any additional functionality needed.
我不明白你的问题。您正在开始一项新事物，您可以使用任何您想要的名称。项目的概念通常特定于某些 IDE。
要编写 shell，首先必须熟悉 C 编程语言，并了解几个重要的 Linux 系统调用（例如
fork、execve、pipe、chdir、dup等）。因此，首先阅读一本关于这些的好教科书。系统调用可通过标准 C 库使用，您无需链接额外的库。也许，研究小型 shell（例如 sash）的源代码会对您有很大帮助。
I don't understand your question. You are starting a new thing, you can use whatever name you want. And the notion of Project is usually specific to some IDEs.
To code a shell, you first must know well the C programming language, and understand well several important Linux system calls (like
fork,execve,pipe,chdir,dupetc.). So read a good textbook on these first. The system calls are available thru the standard C library, you don't need to link an extra one.And probably, studying the source code of small shells (like sash) would help you a lot.
实际上，这是一个有趣的问题，对于了解 Unix 的 IO 机制来说，这可能是一个很好的练习。您可能知道，Shell 负责解释输入、调用系统调用并显示输出。该程序本身运行在内核之上。因此，该练习可能会提供有关进程执行系列的大量信息，例如
exec*。这是 一个教程，用 C 语言为您介绍它，这个 one in Python 将帮助您设计一个快速原型以供理解。
Actually, that's an interesting question and it could be a good exercise for something to know the IO mechanism of Unix. As you might know, Shell is responsible for interpreting Input , invoking the system calls and displaying the output. The program as such runs on top of the kernel. So, the exercise might give a lot of info on process execution family such as
exec*.Here is one tutorial covering it for you in C and this one in Python would help you design a quick prototype for understanding.
不幸的是，您无法为此进行一些神奇的
emulateShell()API 调用，您将需要（深入深入）研究诸如exec、fork、popen、signal/sigaction以及许多其他流程控制内容。此外，您可能需要参与终端处理等，例如
fcntl和ioctl。这么大的一个答案框，确实不是一个可以全面涵盖的主题。我建议尝试将其分解为较小的工作，以便使您（和我们）的工作变得更轻松。
也许从一个简单的程序开始，该程序接受用户的命令并将其分解为令牌以供执行。这将是良好的第一步。
Unfortunately, there isn't some magical
emulateShell()API call you can make for this, you are going to need to look into (in great depth) things likeexec,fork,popen,signal/sigactionand a host of other process control things.In addition, you'll probably need to get involved with terminal handling and so forth, things like
fcntlandioctl.It's not really a subject that can be covered comprehensively is an answer box this size. I would suggest trying to break it down in smaller jobs so as to make your (and our) job easier.
Perhaps start with a simple program that accepts commands from the user and breaks them down into tokens for execution. That would be a good first step.