Spring找不到名为entityManagerFactory的bean

Question

我有一个使用 spring 和 hibernate 来支持 JPA 的 Web 应用程序，但是当我打开索引页面时，会发生此异常：

http:// astebin.com/0X1GG9GQ

但我认为我的 applicationContext.xml 配置良好，但我还是发布它只是为了确定：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
            ">

    <!-- properties file for jdbc database access details / -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />

    <!-- enabling annotation driven configuration / -->
    <context:annotation-config />

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.maegul" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />

    <bean id="dataSource"
        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"
        p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:url="${jdbc.url}"
        p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" />


    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"
        p:entityManagerFactory-ref="entityManagerFactory" />

    <bean id="entityManagerFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"
        p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" p:jpaVendorAdapter-ref="jpaAdapter">
        <property name="loadTimeWeaver">
            <bean
                class="org.springframework.instrument.classloading.InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver" />
        </property>
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="maegul"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="jpaAdapter"
        class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"
        p:database="${jpa.database}" p:showSql="${jpa.showSql}" />

</beans>

我真的不知道出了什么问题，我一直在更改一些小东西无济于事，任何帮助将不胜感激。

编辑（pastebin中的长堆栈以便于阅读...）

更改了ApplicationContext.xml中的一些内容，现在我得到了不同的堆栈跟踪：

INFO  - Server                     - jetty-7.5.0.v20110901
INFO  - tandardDescriptorProcessor - NO JSP Support for {}, did not find {}
INFO  - /                          - Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext
INFO  - ContextLoader              - Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started
INFO  - XmlWebApplicationContext   - Refreshing Root WebApplicationContext: startup date [Sun Nov 06 13:22:53 COT 2011]; root of context hierarchy
INFO  - XmlBeanDefinitionReader    - Loading XML bean definitions from ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/ApplicationContext.xml]
INFO  - DefaultListableBeanFactory - Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@40871449: defining beans [maegulApplication,itemService,userService,cartItemDao,mediaItemDao,mediaSourceDao,passwordDao,userDao,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor]; root of factory hierarchy
INFO  - DefaultListableBeanFactory - Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@40871449: defining beans [maegulApplication,itemService,userService,cartItemDao,mediaItemDao,mediaSourceDao,passwordDao,userDao,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor]; root of factory hierarchy
ERROR - ContextLoader              - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'itemService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.maegul.data.dao.impl.MediaItemDao com.maegul.service.implementation.ItemFindService.mediaItemDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'mediaItemDao': Injection of persistence dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No unique bean of type [javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory] is defined: expected single bean but found 0

此处堆栈的其余部分：http://pastebin.com/u82n3C5n

我看到我所做的注释正在被识别，但看起来它仍然找不到实体管理器工厂。我看到的一件事是，也许我不应该在 EntityManager 字段中使用 @PersistenceContext，而是使用 @PersistenceUnit，但我不知道。 ..

编辑 2

我的所有 DAO 实现如下所示：

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;
import javax.persistence.Query;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.maegul.data.dao.AbstractDAO;
import com.maegul.data.entities.MediaItem;

@Repository(value = "mediaItemDao")
public class MediaItemDaoImpl extends AbstractDAO<MediaItem> implements
        MediaItemDao {

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager em;

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see com.maegul.data.dao.DAO#getEntityManager()
     */
    public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
        return em;
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see com.maegul.data.dao.DAO#getClazz()
     */
    public Class<MediaItem> getClazz() {
        return MediaItem.class;
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see com.maegul.data.dao.impl.MediaItemDao#findByName(java.lang.String)
     */
    public MediaItem findByName(String name) {
        Query q = getEntityManager().createQuery(
                "select u from " + getClazz() + " where u.name = :name");
        q.setParameter("name", name);

        return (MediaItem) q.getSingleResult();
    }

    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see com.maegul.data.dao.impl.MediaItemDao#findByType(java.lang.String)
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public List<MediaItem> findByType(String type) {
        Query q = getEntityManager().createQuery("select u from " + getClazz() + " where u.type = :type");
        q.setParameter("type", type);

        return q.getResultList();
    }
}

编辑 3

这是 AbstractDAO 类：http://pastebin.com/f2BQG9RE

这是 DAO 接口，它是由 AbstractDAO 实现的： http://pastebin.com/h7dAHTTC

这是接口 MEdiaItemDao：

import java.util.List;

import com.maegul.data.dao.DAO;
import com.maegul.data.entities.MediaItem;

public interface MediaItemDao extends DAO<MediaItem>{

    MediaItem findByName(String name);

    List<MediaItem> findByType(String type);
}

Answer 1

它只需要一个干净的项目，所以我这样做了并且修复了它。