女文明威 + Boost-链接 boost_regex 时出错

Question

我下载了 MinGW 的 nuwen 发行版，它附带了 Boost（GCC 4.6.1 和 Boost 1.47.0）。 ）。我想在 C++ 程序中使用 Boost 正则表达式包。 libboost_regex.a 包含在 C:\dev\MinGW\lib 中，它位于我的路径以及 MinGW 的库搜索路径中。当我编译时，它给了我很多很多错误。我尝试在 g++ 命令行中为其提供库的确切路径，但无济于事。我的最佳编译尝试：g++ -o test -LC:\dev\MinGW -lboost_regex testBoost.cpp。我试图运行的程序：

#include <iostream>
#include <boost/regex.hpp>

int main (int argc, char* argv[])
{
            static const boost::regex exp ("hello regex!");
}

我的大量错误：

C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail27cpp_regex_traits_char_layerIcEC2ERKNS0_21cpp_regex_traits_baseIcEE[boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_char_layer<char>::cpp_regex_traits_char_layer(boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_base<char> const&)]+0x20): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_char_layer<char>::init()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail11raw_storage6extendEj[boost::re_detail::raw_storage::extend(unsigned int)]+0x41): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::raw_storage::resize(unsigned int)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail18basic_regex_parserIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE4failENS_15regex_constants10error_typeEiSsi[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_parser<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fail(boost::regex_constants::error_type, int, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, int)]+0x214): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::regex_error(std::string const&, boost::regex_constants::error_type, int)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail18basic_regex_parserIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE4failENS_15regex_constants10error_typeEiSsi[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_parser<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fail(boost::regex_constants::error_type, int, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, int)]+0x21f): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::raise() const'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail18basic_regex_parserIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE4failENS_15regex_constants10error_typeEiSsi[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_parser<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fail(boost::regex_constants::error_type, int, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, int)]+0x22a): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail18basic_regex_parserIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE4failENS_15regex_constants10error_typeEiSsi[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_parser<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fail(boost::regex_constants::error_type, int, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, int)]+0x285): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x109): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::regex_error(std::string const&, boost::regex_constants::error_type, int)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x114): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::raise() const'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x11f): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x2e0): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::regex_error(std::string const&, boost::regex_constants::error_type, int)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x2eb): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::raise() const'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x2f6): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x345): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16fixup_recursionsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::fixup_recursions(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x382): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16create_startmapsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmaps(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x179): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::regex_error(std::string const&, boost::regex_constants::error_type, int)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16create_startmapsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmaps(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x184): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::raise() const'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16create_startmapsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmaps(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x18f): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE16create_startmapsEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseE[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmaps(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*)]+0x2d6): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE15create_startmapEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseEPhPjh[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmap(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*, unsigned char*, unsigned int*, unsigned char)]+0x23d): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::regex_error(std::string const&, boost::regex_constants::error_type, int)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE15create_startmapEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseEPhPjh[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmap(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*, unsigned char*, unsigned int*, unsigned char)]+0x248): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::raise() const'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE15create_startmapEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseEPhPjh[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmap(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*, unsigned char*, unsigned int*, unsigned char)]+0x253): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE15create_startmapEPNS0_14re_syntax_baseEPhPjh[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::create_startmap(boost::re_detail::re_syntax_base*, unsigned char*, unsigned int*, unsigned char)]+0x947): undefined reference to `boost::regex_error::~regex_error()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZNK5boost9re_detail31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcE12error_stringENS_15regex_constants10error_typeE[boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char>::error_string(boost::regex_constants::error_type) const]+0x89): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::get_default_error_string(boost::regex_constants::error_type)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZNK5boost9re_detail31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcE12error_stringENS_15regex_constants10error_typeE[boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char>::error_string(boost::regex_constants::error_type) const]+0xe7): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::get_default_error_string(boost::regex_constants::error_type)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail19basic_regex_creatorIcNS_12regex_traitsIcNS_16cpp_regex_traitsIcEEEEE12insert_stateEiNS0_19syntax_element_typeEj[boost::re_detail::basic_regex_creator<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::insert_state(int, boost::re_detail::syntax_element_type, unsigned int)]+0x94): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::raw_storage::insert(unsigned int, unsigned int)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost12object_cacheINS_9re_detail21cpp_regex_traits_baseIcEENS1_31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcEEE3getERKS3_j[boost::object_cache<boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_base<char>, boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char> >::get(boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_base<char> const&, unsigned int)]+0x1e): undefined reference to `boost::scoped_static_mutex_lock::scoped_static_mutex_lock(boost::static_mutex&, bool)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost12object_cacheINS_9re_detail21cpp_regex_traits_baseIcEENS1_31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcEEE3getERKS3_j[boost::object_cache<boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_base<char>, boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char> >::get(boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_base<char> const&, unsigned int)]+0x59): undefined reference to `boost::scoped_static_mutex_lock::~scoped_static_mutex_lock()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost12object_cacheINS_9re_detail21cpp_regex_traits_baseIcEENS1_31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcEEE3getERKS3_j[boost::object_cache<boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_base<char>, boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char> >::get(boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_base<char> const&, unsigned int)]+0xdf): undefined reference to `boost::scoped_static_mutex_lock::~scoped_static_mutex_lock()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZNK5boost9re_detail31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcE18lookup_collatenameEPKcS4_[boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char>::lookup_collatename(char const*, char const*) const]+0x10f): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::lookup_default_collate_name(std::string const&)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcE4initEv[boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char>::init()]+0xe3): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::raise_runtime_error(std::runtime_error const&)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost9re_detail31cpp_regex_traits_implementationIcE4initEv[boost::re_detail::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char>::init()]+0x11a): undefined reference to `boost::re_detail::get_default_error_string(boost::regex_constants::error_type)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost16cpp_regex_traitsIcE16get_catalog_nameEv[boost::cpp_regex_traits<char>::get_catalog_name()]+0x1f): undefined reference to `boost::scoped_static_mutex_lock::scoped_static_mutex_lock(boost::static_mutex&, bool)'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost16cpp_regex_traitsIcE16get_catalog_nameEv[boost::cpp_regex_traits<char>::get_catalog_name()]+0x3e): undefined reference to `boost::scoped_static_mutex_lock::~scoped_static_mutex_lock()'
C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccTuJyrB.o:testBoost.cpp:(.text$_ZN5boost16cpp_regex_traitsIcE16get_catalog_nameEv[boost::cpp_regex_traits<char>::get_catalog_name()]+0x56): undefined reference to `boost::scoped_static_mutex_lock::~scoped_static_mutex_lock()'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

编辑：按照 Michael Burr 的建议，我运行了 g++ -Wl --verbose。这是它的输出：

Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=c:/dev/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/lto-wrapper.exe
Target: i686-pc-mingw32
Configured with: ../src/configure --prefix=/c/temp/gcc/dest --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-arch=i686 --with-tune=generic --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-sjlj-exceptions --disable-win32-registry --enable-checking=release --disable-lto
Thread model: win32
gcc version 4.6.1 (GCC) 
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-o' 'test.exe' '-Wl' '-v' '-LC:\dev\MinGW\' '-mtune=generic' '-march=i686'
 c:/dev/mingw/bin/../libexec/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/cc1plus.exe -quiet -v -iprefix c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/ testBoost.cpp -quiet -dumpbase testBoost.cpp -mtune=generic -march=i686 -auxbase testBoost -Wl -version -o C:\Users\nate\AppData\Local\Temp\ccX1SmTk.s
cc1plus.exe: error: unrecognized command line option '-Wl'
GNU C++ (GCC) version 4.6.1 (i686-pc-mingw32)
    compiled by GNU C version 4.6.1, GMP version 5.0.2, MPFR version 3.0.1-p4, MPC version 0.9
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring nonexistent directory "c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../i686-pc-mingw32/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "c:/dev/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../include/c++/4.6.1"
ignoring duplicate directory "c:/dev/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../include/c++/4.6.1/i686-pc-mingw32"
ignoring duplicate directory "c:/dev/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../include/c++/4.6.1/backward"
ignoring duplicate directory "c:/dev/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "c:/temp/gcc/dest/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/c/temp/gcc/dest/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "c:/dev/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/include-fixed"
ignoring nonexistent directory "c:/dev/mingw/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../i686-pc-mingw32/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/mingw/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../include/c++/4.6.1
 c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../include/c++/4.6.1/i686-pc-mingw32
 c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../include/c++/4.6.1/backward
 c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/include
 c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/../../../../include
 c:\dev\mingw\bin\../lib/gcc/i686-pc-mingw32/4.6.1/include-fixed
End of search list.
GNU C++ (GCC) version 4.6.1 (i686-pc-mingw32)
    compiled by GNU C version 4.6.1, GMP version 5.0.2, MPFR version 3.0.1-p4, MPC version 0.9
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072

Answer 1

这对我来说效果很好，使用在命令行上传递的 -lboost_regex （来自 nuwen.net 的 mingw-7.2.exe 发行版 - 刚刚解压，没有对发行版做任何其他操作 - 其中包含您提到的编译器和升压版本）。

尝试传递选项 -Wl,--verbose 以使 gnu ld 链接器详细说明在何处查找库 - 这可能会给您提供线索。也许某些隐藏选项/环境设置导致选择错误的 libboost_regex.a ？

另一件要尝试的事情是将库的完整路径和文件名作为输入文件传递给 g++ （不带选项） - GCC 会发现它是一个库文件（并且 lib 目录搜索将不做它）。因此，假设您已将 MinGW 安装在 C:\dev\Mingw 中，命令行应如下所示：

g++ -o test -LC:\dev\MinGW testBoost.cpp c:\dev\MinGW\lib\libboost_regex.a

如果有效，则说明您遇到了找到错误库的问题，您需要修复您的构建脚本/构建配置，否则您将继续遇到问题。如果仍然不起作用，则库可能已损坏 - 尝试再次下载和/或提取 nuwen.net 发行版。或者尝试从头开始构建 Boost 库（这可能需要一段时间）。