Python-替换小写字母

发布于 2024-12-12 20:39:32 字数 214 浏览 0 评论 0原文

>>> import string
>>> word = "hello."
>>> word2 = word.replace(string.lowercase, '.')
>>> print word2
hello.

我只是希望所有小写字母都变成句号。

我在这里做错了什么？

原文

>>> import string
>>> word = "hello."
>>> word2 = word.replace(string.lowercase, '.')
>>> print word2
hello.

I just want all the lowercase letters to turn into full stops.

What am I doing wrong here?

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困倦 2024-12-19 20:39:33

使用正则表达式：

from re import sub

print sub("[a-z]", '.', "hello.")

str.replace 正在查找字符串 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 来替换它与 .，而不是寻找每个单独的字母来替换。

Use a regular expression:

from re import sub

print sub("[a-z]", '.', "hello.")

str.replace is looking for the string abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz to replace it with ., not looking for each individual letter to replace.

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硬不硬你别怂 2024-12-19 20:39:33

你应该使用 string.translate() ：

>>> import string
>>> input = 'abcABCaAbBcC'
>>> input.translate(string.maketrans(string.lowercase, '.'*26))
'...ABC.A.B.C'

string.maketrans() 函数是一个函数，有助于构建适合的映射string.translate() 函数。

或者，您可以使用生成器简单地迭代字符串：

>>> str.join('', ('.' if chr.islower() else chr for chr in input))
'...ABC.A.B.C'

you should use string.translate():

>>> import string
>>> input = 'abcABCaAbBcC'
>>> input.translate(string.maketrans(string.lowercase, '.'*26))
'...ABC.A.B.C'

the string.maketrans() function is a function which helps building a mapping suitable for the string.translate() function.

alternatively, you can simply iterate through the string, using a generator:

>>> str.join('', ('.' if chr.islower() else chr for chr in input))
'...ABC.A.B.C'

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旧情勿念 2024-12-19 20:39:33

string.lowercase 是'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'。您的代码将用句号替换整个 26 个字母字符串的每一次出现。

相反，您想使用 re 模块的 子函数：

import re

word = "hello."
word2 = re.sub('[a-z]', '.', word)

print word2

string.lowercase is 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'. Your code is replacing every occurence of that entire 26-letter string with a full stop.

Instead, you want to use the re module's sub function:

import re

word = "hello."
word2 = re.sub('[a-z]', '.', word)

print word2

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风流物 2024-12-19 20:39:33

您正在尝试替换字符串“abc...xyz”，而不是替换每个小写字母。
您可以通过多种方式获得想要的结果：

正则表达式

from re import sub
sub("[a-z]", '.', "hello.")

逐个字符

"".join('.' if l.islower() else l for l in word)

You are trying to replace the string "abc...xyz" instead of replacing every lowercase letter.
You can achieve the wanted result by several ways:

Regular expressions

from re import sub
sub("[a-z]", '.', "hello.")

Char by char

"".join('.' if l.islower() else l for l in word)

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七度光 2024-12-19 20:39:33

我认为您不能使用 r*eplace* 进行这样的映射，但您可以使用简单的正则表达式执行您想要的操作：

>>> import re
>>> word = 'hello.'
>>> # the pattern you want to match
>>> ptn = r'[a-z]'
>>> # compile the pattern
>>> pat_obj = re.compile(ptn)
>>> # use the "sub" method to replace text based on a pattern
>>> w2 = pat_obj.sub(".", word)
>>> w2
  '......'

i don't think you can use r*eplace* for a mapping like that, but you can do what you want with a simple regular expression:

>>> import re
>>> word = 'hello.'
>>> # the pattern you want to match
>>> ptn = r'[a-z]'
>>> # compile the pattern
>>> pat_obj = re.compile(ptn)
>>> # use the "sub" method to replace text based on a pattern
>>> w2 = pat_obj.sub(".", word)
>>> w2
  '......'

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