交叉编译找不到crt1.o

Question

您好，我正在从头开始编译 Linux (www.linuxfromscratch.org)，并且我正在执行一个步骤，要求我编译一个测试 C 程序以查看编译是否正常工作以及是否失败。
我使用的命令是：

echo "main(){}" > dummy.c
$LFS_TGT-gcc -B/tools/lib dummy.c
readelf -l a.out | grep ': /tools'

运行第二行时，编译器返回以下内容

..path../bin/ld: cannot find crt1.o: No such file or directory
..path../bin/ld: cannot find crti.o: No such file or directory
..path../bin/ld: cannot find -lc
..path../bin/ld: cannot find crtn.o: No such file or directory
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

不确定这里的问题是什么以及如何修复它，
到目前为止，我已经重新安装了 gcc 软件包以及规范文件。

$LFS_TGT-gcc -v -B/tools/lib dummy.c 的输出是：

Reading specs from /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/specs
COLLECT_GCC=x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../libexec/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/lto- wrapper
Target: x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../gcc-4.6.1/configure --target=x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu --prefix=/tools --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-multilib --disable-decimal-float --disable-threads --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp --disable-libgomp --disable-libquadmath --disable-target-libiberty --disable-target-zlib --enable-languages=c --without-pppl --without-cloog --with-mpfr-include=/mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-4.6.1/mpfr/src --with-mpfr-lib=/mnt/lfs/sources/gcc-build/mpfr/src/.libs
Thread model: single
gcc version 4.6.1 (GCC) 
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-B' '/tools/lib' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
 /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../libexec/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/cc1 -quiet -v -iprefix  /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/ -isystem /tools/include dummy.c quiet -dumpbase dummy.c -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase dummy -version -o /tmp/ccQMiBtT.s
GNU C (GCC) version 4.6.1 (x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu)
    compiled by GNU C version 4.5.2, GMP version 5.0.2, MPFR version 3.1.0, MPC version 0.9
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
ignoring nonexistent directory "/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/sys-include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/include"
ignoring duplicate directory "/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/include-fixed"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/sys-include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 /tools/include
 /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/include
 /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/include-fixed
End of search list.
GNU C (GCC) version 4.6.1 (x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu)
    compiled by GNU C version 4.5.2, GMP version 5.0.2, MPFR version 3.1.0, MPC version 0.9
GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072
Compiler executable checksum: ac76a9fc3d8568635f4cf190a73f3235
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-B' '/tools/lib' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
 /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/as --64 -o /tmp/ccjUV0Gs.o /tmp/ccQMiBtT.s
COMPILER_PATH=/tools/lib/:/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../libexec/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/:/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../libexec/gcc/:/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/
LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib/:/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/:/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/:/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib/
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-B' '/tools/lib' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64'
 /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../libexec/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/collect2 --eh-frame-hdr -m elf_x86_64 -dynamic-linker /tools/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 crt1.o crti.o /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/crtbegin.o -L/tools/lib -L/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1 -L/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc -L/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/lib /tmp/ccjUV0Gs.o -lgcc -lc -lgcc /mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/crtend.o crtn.o
/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crt1.o: No such file or directory
/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crti.o: No such file or directory
/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
/mnt/lfs/tools/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../../x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find crtn.o: No such file or directory
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

我意识到它非常长，但如果有人告诉我相关的内容，我会修剪它。因为老实说我不知道​​什么有用。

Answer 1

crt1.o、crti.o、crtn.o 和 libc.a 都随 glibc 一起提供。

您需要为您的目标系统编译 glibc，并从外观上看安装在 /tools/lib 中。

编辑：不一定是 glibc，但无论你使用什么 libc。

Answer 2

如果重新编译 gcc 不是一个选项，因为它已经随 sysroot 安装，那么请尝试以下操作：（

`export CFLAGS="--sysroot=<your-gcc-sysroot>"`

提示：libc.so.x 位于 /lib< /code>)

然后编辑您的 makefile 并将其替换

`CFLAGS=BLA-BLA`
`CPPFLAGS=BLA-BLA`

为

CFLAGS+=BLA-BLA
CPPFLAGS+=BLA-BLA

Answer 3

将 -v 传递给您的 $LFS_TGT-gcc 以了解发生了什么。

Answer 4

我面临以下问题：

root@gccc# arm-wrs-linux-gnueabi-gcc x.c
/opt/tools/wrl3.GA/wrlinux-3.0/layers/wrll-toolchain-4.3-85/arm/toolchain/x86-linux2/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-wrs-linux-gnueabi/4.3.2/../../../../arm-wrs-linux-gnueabi/bin/ld: crt1.o: No such file: No such file or directory
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
root@gccc# 

所以当我研究它时，我发现我无法在正确的路径中找到sysroot。所以我在命令行上指定了sysroot，我的问题就解决了：

root@gccc# arm-wrs-linux-gnueabi-gcc x.c --sysroot=/opt/tools/wrl3.GA/sysroot.2011_05_31.18_29_24/arm11_le-glibc_small/sysroot/ -o exe