巨型以太网帧和超级巨型帧的标头

发布于 2024-12-12 01:10:06 字数 495 浏览 0 评论 0原文

某些以太网卡可以使用非常大的框架。一种情况是 9k 帧或巨型帧,另一种情况是超级巨型帧(据我所知,最多 64k)。

这么大的数据包使用什么帧格式?

据我所知,对于普通帧,有两种广泛使用的格式:

Preamble    Start_byte  dest_mac    src_mac     Ethertype/length    Payload     CRC     Interframe gap
10101010x7  10101011    6 bytes     6 bytes     2 bytes         46–1500 bytes   4 bytes 12 bytes

在一种情况下,以太类型用于长度,第二种用于数据包类型。如果该字段< 0x0600(十进制1536字节),这是一个长度; if >= 0x0600 - 它是一种类型。

因此,看起来不可能在该字段中存储 9000 作为长度。巨型帧和超级巨型帧的长度如何存储?

There is possible to use very big frames with some ethernet cards. One case is 9k frames or jumbo frame and other case is super jumbo frame (as i know, up to 64k).

What is format of frame used for such huge packets?

As I know, for normal frames two formats used widely:

Preamble    Start_byte  dest_mac    src_mac     Ethertype/length    Payload     CRC     Interframe gap
10101010x7  10101011    6 bytes     6 bytes     2 bytes         46–1500 bytes   4 bytes 12 bytes

In one case, the ethertype is used for length, and in second - for packet type. If this field is < 0x0600 (decimal 1536 bytes), this is a length; if >= 0x0600 - it is a type.

So, it looks impossible to store 9000 in this field as length. How length of jumbo and super jumbo frames is stored?

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伏妖词 2024-12-19 01:10:06

Jumbo 使用的格式是相同的。尽管有这样的描述,以太网类型字段通常不用于存储长度。通常在 Ethertype 字段中,您不会看到长度;你会看到一个类型。类型由 IANA 指定:

https://www.iana.org/assignments/ieee-802 -numbers

通常您会从表中看到以下类型之一:

Ethertype         Exp. Ethernet   Description           References
----------------  --------------  --------------------  ----------
  2054   0806        -      -     ARP                       [IANA]
  2048   0800        513   1001   Internet IP (IPv4)        [IANA]
         86DD                     IPv6                      [IANA]

这样做有两个原因:

  • 发送数据包的硬件不依赖于 第 2 层 长度字段以了解 第 1 层 长度。
  • 一些第3层数据包,例如ARP 具有已知的大小(至少对于已知的硬件/协议地址长度组合,例如通常情况下的以太网/IP 用过的)。 IPv4/IPv6 数据包在其自己的标头中具有长度字段。

The format used for jumbos is the same. Despite this description, the Ethertype field is not normally used to store a length. Normally in the Ethertype field, you will not see a length; you will see a type. Types are specified by IANA here:

https://www.iana.org/assignments/ieee-802-numbers

Usually you'll see one of the following types from the table:

Ethertype         Exp. Ethernet   Description           References
----------------  --------------  --------------------  ----------
  2054   0806        -      -     ARP                       [IANA]
  2048   0800        513   1001   Internet IP (IPv4)        [IANA]
         86DD                     IPv6                      [IANA]

There are two reasons this works:

  • The hardware sending the packet doesn't depend on the Layer 2 length field to know the Layer 1 length.
  • Some Layer 3 packets such as ARP have a known size (at least, for a known combination of hardware/protocol address length, such as Ethernet/IP where it is normally used). IPv4/IPv6 packets have a length field in their own header.
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