使用 python readline 时如何获取(并设置)当前 bash 光标位置?

发布于 2024-12-11 19:31:24 字数 2012 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我有一个 python 脚本,它可以管理任何应用程序的 stdin、stdout 和 stderr,并允许优雅地插入 readline。想象一下任何具有大量控制台输出但也接受来自标准输入的命令的应用程序。

无论如何,我的脚本使用这两个函数:

def blank_current_readline():
    # Next line said to be reasonably portable for various Unixes
    (rows,cols) = struct.unpack('hh', fcntl.ioctl(sys.stdout, termios.TIOCGWINSZ,'1234'))

    text_len = len(readline.get_line_buffer())+2

    # ANSI escape sequences (All VT100 except ESC[0G)
    sys.stdout.write('\x1b[2K')                         # Clear current line
    sys.stdout.write('\x1b[1A\x1b[2K'*(text_len/cols))  # Move cursor up and clear line
    sys.stdout.write('\x1b[0G')                         # Move to start of line

def print_line(line):
    global cmd_state
    blank_current_readline()
    print line,
    sys.stdout.write(cmd_state["prompt"] + readline.get_line_buffer())
    sys.stdout.flush()

处理 stdout 时,我调用 print_line()。这会清空用户可能输入的任何内容,打印该行,然后恢复用户的输入文本。这一切都是在用户没有注意到的情况下发生的。

当光标不在用户键入的任何输入的末尾时,就会出现问题。当光标位于测试中间并打印一行时,光标将自动放置在输入的末尾。为了解决这个问题,我想在 print_line 中做这样的事情:

def print_line(line):
    global cmd_state
    cursorPos = getCurrentCursorPos() #Doesn't exist
    blank_current_readline()
    print line,
    sys.stdout.write(cmd_state["prompt"] + readline.get_line_buffer())
    sys.stdout.setCurrentCursorPos(cursorPos) #Doesn't exist
    sys.stdout.flush()

编辑:尝试可视化我所写的内容:

终端看起来像这样:

----------------------------------------------
|                                            |
|                                            |
|   <scolling command output here>           |
|                                            |
|   <scolling command output here>           |
|                                            |
|: <user inputted text here>                 |
----------------------------------------------

因此,随着新日志的出现,输出文本不断滚动。与此同时,用户当前正在编辑和编写一个新命令,一旦按下回车键就会插入该命令。所以它看起来像 python 控制台,但总是附加输出。

I have a python script that takes manages the stdin, stdout, and stderr of any application and allows for readline to be inserted gracefully. Think of any application that has lots of console output, but also accepts commands from stdin.

In any case, my script uses these two functions:

def blank_current_readline():
    # Next line said to be reasonably portable for various Unixes
    (rows,cols) = struct.unpack('hh', fcntl.ioctl(sys.stdout, termios.TIOCGWINSZ,'1234'))

    text_len = len(readline.get_line_buffer())+2

    # ANSI escape sequences (All VT100 except ESC[0G)
    sys.stdout.write('\x1b[2K')                         # Clear current line
    sys.stdout.write('\x1b[1A\x1b[2K'*(text_len/cols))  # Move cursor up and clear line
    sys.stdout.write('\x1b[0G')                         # Move to start of line

def print_line(line):
    global cmd_state
    blank_current_readline()
    print line,
    sys.stdout.write(cmd_state["prompt"] + readline.get_line_buffer())
    sys.stdout.flush()

When handling stdout, I call print_line(). This blanks whatever the user might be typing, prints the line, then restores the user's input text. This all happens without the user noticing a thing.

The problem occurs when the cursor is not at the end of whatever input the user is typing. When the cursor is in the middle of the test and a line is printed, the cursor will automatically be placed at the end of the input. To solve this, I want to do something like this in print_line:

def print_line(line):
    global cmd_state
    cursorPos = getCurrentCursorPos() #Doesn't exist
    blank_current_readline()
    print line,
    sys.stdout.write(cmd_state["prompt"] + readline.get_line_buffer())
    sys.stdout.setCurrentCursorPos(cursorPos) #Doesn't exist
    sys.stdout.flush()

Edit: To try and visualize what I have written:

The terminal looks like this:

----------------------------------------------
|                                            |
|                                            |
|   <scolling command output here>           |
|                                            |
|   <scolling command output here>           |
|                                            |
|: <user inputted text here>                 |
----------------------------------------------

So the output text is constantly scrolling as new logs are coming through. At the same time, the user is currently editing and writing a new command that will be inserted once the hit enter. So it looks like the python console, but with output always being appended.

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万人眼中万个我 2024-12-18 19:31:24

我可以建议Python诅咒吗?

这是基本操作方法

curses 模块提供了curses 库的接口,curses 库是便携式高级终端处理的事实上的标准。

虽然curses 在 Unix 环境中使用最广泛,但也有适用于 DOS、OS/2 以及可能其他系统的版本。该扩展模块旨在匹配 ncurses 的 API,ncurses 是一个托管在 Linux 和 Unix 的 BSD 变体上的开源curses 库。


另外,

我在这里找到了终端控制器: 使用 terminfo 进行便携式彩色输出和打印光标控制。它看起来比站点名称所建议的更便携(评论中提到了 MacOS - 尽管有所更改)。

这是一个使用示例,显示进度条:

class ProgressBar:
    """
    A 3-line progress bar, which looks like::
    
                                Header
        20% [===========----------------------------------]
                           progress message

    The progress bar is colored, if the terminal supports color
    output; and adjusts to the width of the terminal.
    """
    BAR = '%3d%% ${GREEN}[${BOLD}%s%s${NORMAL}${GREEN}]${NORMAL}\n'
    HEADER = '${BOLD}${CYAN}%s${NORMAL}\n\n'
        
    def __init__(self, term, header):
        self.term = term
        if not (self.term.CLEAR_EOL and self.term.UP and self.term.BOL):
            raise ValueError("Terminal isn't capable enough -- you "
                             "should use a simpler progress dispaly.")
        self.width = self.term.COLS or 75
        self.bar = term.render(self.BAR)
        self.header = self.term.render(self.HEADER % header.center(self.width))
        self.cleared = 1 #: true if we haven't drawn the bar yet.
        self.update(0, '')

    def update(self, percent, message):
        if self.cleared:
            sys.stdout.write(self.header)
            self.cleared = 0
        n = int((self.width-10)*percent)
        sys.stdout.write(
            self.term.BOL + self.term.UP + self.term.CLEAR_EOL +
            (self.bar % (100*percent, '='*n, '-'*(self.width-10-n))) +
            self.term.CLEAR_EOL + message.center(self.width))

    def clear(self):
        if not self.cleared:
            sys.stdout.write(self.term.BOL + self.term.CLEAR_EOL +
                             self.term.UP + self.term.CLEAR_EOL +
                             self.term.UP + self.term.CLEAR_EOL)
            self.cleared = 1

Might I suggest Python curses?

Here is the Basic how-to

The curses module provides an interface to the curses library, the de-facto standard for portable advanced terminal handling.

While curses is most widely used in the Unix environment, versions are available for DOS, OS/2, and possibly other systems as well. This extension module is designed to match the API of ncurses, an open-source curses library hosted on Linux and the BSD variants of Unix.


Alternatively

I found Terminal Controller here: Using terminfo for portable color output & cursor control. It looks to be more portable than the sitename would suggest (MacOS mentioned in the comments - though with changes).

Here is a usage example, displaying a progress bar:

class ProgressBar:
    """
    A 3-line progress bar, which looks like::
    
                                Header
        20% [===========----------------------------------]
                           progress message

    The progress bar is colored, if the terminal supports color
    output; and adjusts to the width of the terminal.
    """
    BAR = '%3d%% ${GREEN}[${BOLD}%s%s${NORMAL}${GREEN}]${NORMAL}\n'
    HEADER = '${BOLD}${CYAN}%s${NORMAL}\n\n'
        
    def __init__(self, term, header):
        self.term = term
        if not (self.term.CLEAR_EOL and self.term.UP and self.term.BOL):
            raise ValueError("Terminal isn't capable enough -- you "
                             "should use a simpler progress dispaly.")
        self.width = self.term.COLS or 75
        self.bar = term.render(self.BAR)
        self.header = self.term.render(self.HEADER % header.center(self.width))
        self.cleared = 1 #: true if we haven't drawn the bar yet.
        self.update(0, '')

    def update(self, percent, message):
        if self.cleared:
            sys.stdout.write(self.header)
            self.cleared = 0
        n = int((self.width-10)*percent)
        sys.stdout.write(
            self.term.BOL + self.term.UP + self.term.CLEAR_EOL +
            (self.bar % (100*percent, '='*n, '-'*(self.width-10-n))) +
            self.term.CLEAR_EOL + message.center(self.width))

    def clear(self):
        if not self.cleared:
            sys.stdout.write(self.term.BOL + self.term.CLEAR_EOL +
                             self.term.UP + self.term.CLEAR_EOL +
                             self.term.UP + self.term.CLEAR_EOL)
            self.cleared = 1
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