在文本文件的所有行中搜索字符串：Python

发布于 2024-12-11 09:25:25 字数 642 浏览 0 评论 0原文

在这里遇到问题，希望能得到一些帮助。

我有一个文本文件，每行都有一个 ID 号和一组“描述符”。每行的描述符可能是唯一的，也可能不是唯一的（它们可以在整个文档中多次使用）。

我基本上想识别包含某个描述符的所有 ID 号...我的代码正在运行，但它只找到该描述符的第一次出现，而不是全部。有什么快速解决办法吗？

所有描述符都已在列表中。文本文件示例：

ID_45555 (tab) some irrelevant data (tab) **DESCRIPTOR1** DESCRIPTOR2 DESCRIPTOR3

ID_55555 (tab) some irrelevant data (tab) DESCRIPTOR200 **DESCRIPTOR1** DESCRIPTOR599

代码：

for line in file:
    line = line.strip()
    line = line.split("\t")
    IDNUMBER = line[0]
    DESCRIPTOR = line[2]
    for x in total_list:
        if x in DESCRIPTOR:
            print x, DESCRIPTOR

原文

having a problem here so hopefully could use some help.

I have a text file with an ID number and a set of "descriptors" on each line. The descriptors may or may not be unique to each line (they can be used multiple times throughout the document).

I basically want to identify all the ID numbers that contain a certain descriptor... my code is working but it only finds the first occurrence of the descriptor, instead of all of them. Any quick fix?

All the descriptors are in a list already.
Example of the text file:

ID_45555 (tab) some irrelevant data (tab) **DESCRIPTOR1** DESCRIPTOR2 DESCRIPTOR3

ID_55555 (tab) some irrelevant data (tab) DESCRIPTOR200 **DESCRIPTOR1** DESCRIPTOR599

Code:

for line in file:
    line = line.strip()
    line = line.split("\t")
    IDNUMBER = line[0]
    DESCRIPTOR = line[2]
    for x in total_list:
        if x in DESCRIPTOR:
            print x, DESCRIPTOR

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浅紫色的梦幻 2024-12-18 09:25:25

我建议为此使用字典，将描述符作为键，将相应的 ID 作为值。您浏览该文件，并在每一行将 ID 添加到每个描述符下的字典中归档的列表中。例如：

by_descriptors = collections.defaultdict(list)
for line in file:
    id, _, descriptors = line.strip().split("\t")
    for d in descriptors.split():
        by_descriptors[d].append(id)
# to find all IDs for a given descriptor:
by_descriptors.get(id, [])

I'd suggest using a dict for this, with the descriptors as the keys and the corresponding IDs as the values. You go through the file and at each line, add the ID to the list filed in the dictionary under each descriptor. For example:

by_descriptors = collections.defaultdict(list)
for line in file:
    id, _, descriptors = line.strip().split("\t")
    for d in descriptors.split():
        by_descriptors[d].append(id)
# to find all IDs for a given descriptor:
by_descriptors.get(id, [])

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