努力使用 Visual Studio 2010 创建 COM 对象，该对象可从命令行运行的 VBScript 中看到

Question

我正在努力尝试在 VB.NET 中的 Visual Studio (2010) 中构建 COM 对象可以从命令行运行的 VBScript 程序调用。我希望脚本能够执行类似的操作...

Option Explicit
Dim trips
Dim results

Set trips = CreateObject("Hartley.Trips")
Set results = trips.selecttrips(57,now())
wscript.echo results.count

但是无论我做什么，该脚本都会失败：

ActiveX 组件无法创建对象：'Hartley.Trips

COM 对象定义的核心是...

<ComClass(Trips.ClassId, Trips.InterfaceId, Trips.EventsId)> _
Public Class Trips

#Region "COM GUIDs"
    ' These  GUIDs provide the COM identity for this class
    ' and its COM interfaces. If you change them, existing
    ' clients will no longer be able to access the class.
    Public Const ClassId As String = "75184b72-31e3-4d62-add6-438230d17bc3"
    Public Const InterfaceId As String = "c020fef9-0425-4200-a2b4-77931c0a6011"
    Public Const EventsId As String = "4cf93b6e-f554-491b-94bd-5b02c3c6c586"
#End Region
    Private Const connStr As String = "redacted"
    Private dbConnection As SqlClient.SqlConnection
    Private connectionInitialised As Boolean = False

    ' A creatable COM class must have a Public Sub New()
    ' with no parameters, otherwise, the class will not be
    ' registered in the COM registry and cannot be created
    ' via CreateObject.

    Public Sub New()
        MyBase.New()
    End Sub

    Public Class Trip
        Private myTripID As Integer
        Private myIsComplete As Boolean
        Private myStart As DateTime
        Private myEnd As DateTime
        Private myHasStarted As Boolean
        Public Sub New(ByVal iTripID As Integer, ByVal bIsComplete As Boolean, _
                       ByVal dStart As DateTime, ByVal dEnd As DateTime, _
                       ByVal bHasStarted As Boolean)
            myTripID = iTripID
            myIsComplete = bIsComplete
            myStart = dStart
            myEnd = dEnd
            myHasStarted = bHasStarted
        End Sub

        Public ReadOnly Property TripID() As Integer
            Get
                Return myTripID
            End Get
        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property Iscomplete() As Boolean
            Get
                Return myIsComplete
            End Get
        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property StartDate() As DateTime
            Get
                Return myStart
            End Get
        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property EndDate() As DateTime
            Get
                Return myEnd
            End Get

        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property hasStarted() As Boolean
            Get
                Return myHasStarted
            End Get
        End Property

    End Class

    Public Class Results
        Private mySelectID As Integer
        Private myTripDay As Date
        Private myIsDriver As Boolean
        Private myTripArray As List(Of Trip)
        Public Sub New(ByVal iSelectID As Integer, dTripDay As Date, _
                       bIsDriver As Boolean, iCount As Integer)
            myTripArray = New List(Of Trip)
            mySelectID = iSelectID
            myTripDay = dTripDay
            myIsDriver = bIsDriver
        End Sub

        Public ReadOnly Property numTrip() As Integer
            Get
                Return myTripArray.Count
            End Get
        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property SelectID() As Integer
             Get
                Return mySelectID
            End Get
        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property ReportDate() As Date
            Get
                Return myTripDay
            End Get
        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property isDriver() As Boolean
            Get
                 Return myIsDriver
            End Get
        End Property

        Public ReadOnly Property TripArray() As Array
            Get
                Return myTripArray.ToArray
            End Get

        End Property

        Public Sub Add(aTrip As Trip)
            myTripArray.Add(aTrip)
        End Sub
    End Class

    Public Function SelectTrips(SelectID As Integer, TripDay As Date, _
                                Optional isDriver As Boolean = False) As Results
        Dim myTrip As Trip
        Dim myEndDate As DateTime
        Dim cmd As SqlClient.SqlCommand
        Dim rs As SqlClient.SqlDataReader

        If Not connectionInitialised Then 'If this is first attempt
            dbConnection = New SqlClient.SqlConnection(connStr)
            dbConnection.Open()
            connectionInitialised = True
        End If

        'Test Only
        cmd = New SqlClient.SqlCommand("SELECT * FROM xxx", dbConnection)
        rs = cmd.ExecuteReader
        Dim myTrips As New Results(SelectID, TripDay, isDriver, rs.FieldCount - 1)
        While rs.Read
            If IsDBNull(rs("Completed")) Then
                myEndDate = Now()
            Else
                myEndDate = rs("completed")
            End If
             myTrip = New Trip(rs("runID"), _
                               IsDBNull(rs("completed")), _
                               rs("runDate"), _
                               myEndDate, _
                               rs("started"))
            myTrips.Add(myTrip)
        End While
        Return (MyTrips)
    End Function

End Class

在 Visual Studio 中，项目参数将其指定为位于“Hartley”的根命名空间内，并且程序集信息具有“Make程序集 COM 可见”已选中。我还生成了一个密钥并将其添加到项目中。

当我“构建解决方案”时，我必须以管理员身份运行 Visual Studio 来执行此操作，因为它想要写入注册表。查看注册表，我可以看到有“Hartley.Trips”的注册表项。

在互联网上搜索，有很多说明可以做到这一点 - 除了运行命令行工具之外，我似乎已经遵循了所有说明。这里令人困惑的是，Visual Studio 2010 似乎已经为我运行了它们 - 并且考虑到我能找到的所有说明都适用于 Visual Studio 的早期版本 - 看来它们没有。我尝试从 Visual Studio 命令行手动运行这些程序，但它似乎没有改变任何事情。

所以现在我被困住了。它不起作用，脚本对于为什么无法创建对象非常不明确，我不知道如何继续前进。因此，我正在寻求建议，了解我可能做错了什么，如何找到更多有关不起作用的信息等。

作为后记，我想知道类中的嵌入类是否是问题的一部分，现在我正在尝试构建一个程序集，将这些类分成单独的顶级类定义，每个类定义作为它们自己的 COM 对象。当前具有带参数的 New 函数的类必须具有不带参数的 New 函数以及某种形式的 Friend 函数来初始化它们（我不希望初始化函数可见，因为其他类是只读结果）。

Answer 1

编写一些 VB.NET 代码来测试您的 COM 组件。 CLR 生成更好的错误消息。

在 64 位操作系统上你会遇到这样的问题。 IDE 仅为 32 位应用程序注册 COM 组件。您必须使用 32 位脚本解释器 (c:\windows\syswow64\wscript.exe) 或运行 64 位版本的 Regasm.exe，以通过 /codebase 选项注册 64 位应用程序的组件。

避免嵌套类，COM 没有相应的类。声明 COM 可见声明的最自然方法是使用 Interface 关键字。这正是您在 Results 类中所需要的。