os.walk 但每个目录都有前置和后置操作？

发布于 2024-12-10 09:32:56 字数 491 浏览 1 评论 0原文

Python的 os.walk 函数几乎是我想要的，但我需要对每个目录执行遍历前和遍历后操作。

例如，如果树是

 foo/
 foo/bar/
 foo/bar/baz/
 foo/quux/

，那么我想做这个序列：

 pre-action on foo/
 pre-action on foo/bar/
 pre-action on foo/bar/baz/
 post-action on foo/bar/baz/
 post-action on foo/bar/
 pre-action on foo/quux/
 post-action on foo/quux/
 post-action on foo/

我该怎么做？（无需编写我自己的函数来执行此操作）

原文

Python's os.walk function is almost what I want, but I need to do a pre- and post-traversal action for each directory.

e.g. if the tree is

 foo/
 foo/bar/
 foo/bar/baz/
 foo/quux/

then I want to do this sequence:

 pre-action on foo/
 pre-action on foo/bar/
 pre-action on foo/bar/baz/
 post-action on foo/bar/baz/
 post-action on foo/bar/
 pre-action on foo/quux/
 post-action on foo/quux/
 post-action on foo/

How can I do this? (w/o writing my own function to do so)

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∞觅青森が 2024-12-17 09:32:56

如果您不想自己编写简单的递归函数，则可以使用自己的堆栈：

stack = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("foo"):
    while stack and not root.startswith(stack[-1]):
        print "post-action on", stack.pop()
    print "pre-action on", root
    stack.append(root)
while stack:
    print "post-action on", stack.pop()

不过，编写自己的函数可能会提供更具可读性的代码：

def walk(dir):
    print "pre-action on", dir
    for name in os.listdir(dir):
        fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
        if os.path.isdir(fullname):
            walk(fullname)
    print "post-action on", dir

If you don't want to write a simple recursive function yourself, you can use your own stack:

stack = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("foo"):
    while stack and not root.startswith(stack[-1]):
        print "post-action on", stack.pop()
    print "pre-action on", root
    stack.append(root)
while stack:
    print "post-action on", stack.pop()

Writing your own function probably gives more readable code, though:

def walk(dir):
    print "pre-action on", dir
    for name in os.listdir(dir):
        fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
        if os.path.isdir(fullname):
            walk(fullname)
    print "post-action on", dir

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