OSX 安装程序更改安装目录

发布于 2024-12-09 17:53:52 字数 612 浏览 1 评论 0原文

我得到了一个 pkg 文件，在使用 UI 启动时我可以在其中更改安装目录，但安装程序的联机帮助页仅提到要安装到的目标驱动器。

调用安装程序时是否需要设置环境变量？

关于目标选项，来自安装程序帮助：

The -target <device> parameter is any one of the following:

(1) One of the domains returned by -dominfo.
(2) Device node entry.  Any entry of the form of /dev/disk*.
      ex: /dev/disk2
(3) The disk identifier.  Any entry of the form of disk*.  ex: disk1s9
(4) Volume mount point.  Any entry of the form of /Volumes/Mountpoint.
      ex: /Volumes/Untitled
(5) Volume UUID.  ex: 376C4046-083E-334F-AF08-62FAFBC4E352

所以目标是一个“硬盘驱动器”，而不是应安装 pkg 的“根路径”。

原文

I got a pkg file in which I can change the installation directory when launched using the UI, but the manpage of installer only mention the target drive to install to.

Is there an environement variable to set when calling the installer ?

About the target options, from installer help :

The -target <device> parameter is any one of the following:

(1) One of the domains returned by -dominfo.
(2) Device node entry.  Any entry of the form of /dev/disk*.
      ex: /dev/disk2
(3) The disk identifier.  Any entry of the form of disk*.  ex: disk1s9
(4) Volume mount point.  Any entry of the form of /Volumes/Mountpoint.
      ex: /Volumes/Untitled
(5) Volume UUID.  ex: 376C4046-083E-334F-AF08-62FAFBC4E352

So target is a "hard drive", not the "root path" where the pkg should be installed.

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梦幻的心爱 2024-12-16 17:53:52

大多数包管理器都包含用于重新定位（即更改其安装路径）包的选项，在基于 RPM 的 Linux 系统上 rpm 具有选项 -relocate，在 OS X 上，命令行工具installer有选项-target。

但是，正如您所注意到的，您不能像使用 rpm 的 -relocate-target 的参数。 code>

-target 的参数仅限于（请参阅 man installer）：

卷安装点 (/Volumes/HDD) 、设备节点(/dev/disk0s5) 或卷 UUID (376C4046-083E-334F-AF08-62FAFBC4E352)。
例如，-dominfo 返回的任何值（例如 LocalSystem 或 CurrentUserHomeDirectory）。

你写：

我有一个 pkg 文件，可以在其中更改安装目录
使用 UI 启动

如果是这种情况，则可以使用 -dominfo 查询该信息，如下所示：

installer -verbose -dominfo -pkg <path to your package>

并且可以在从命令行安装时使用：（

installer -pkg <path to your package> -target <dominfo as listed above>

我已经查询了几个 pkg 文件，并且全部返回 NoDomainsAvailable，因此无法分享任何经验。）

但请记住，您不能任意重新定位 pkg文件。原因是包中包含的配置文件、二进制文件和库通常指定或依赖于绝对路径。

包生成器必须主动将它们转换为相对路径（使用安装后脚本和技术，例如 @rpath）。因此，一般来说，您只能重新定位在构建时考虑到重定位的软件包。

Most package managers include options to relocate (that is, change the installation path of) a package, on RPM-based Linux systems rpm has the option -relocate, on OS X, command line tool installer has the option -target.

However, as you have noticed, you can't specify an arbitrary path as argument to -target, as you would do with rpm's -relocate

The arguments to -target are limited to (see man installer):

A volume mount point (/Volumes/HDD), device node (/dev/disk0s5) or volume UUID (376C4046-083E-334F-AF08-62FAFBC4E352).
Any of the values returned by -dominfo (like LocalSystem or CurrentUserHomeDirectory), for example.

You write:

I got a pkg file in which I can change the installation directory when
launched using the UI

If that's the case, that information can probably be queried with -dominfo like this:

installer -verbose -dominfo -pkg <path to your package>

and can be used when installing from the command line:

installer -pkg <path to your package> -target <dominfo as listed above>

(I have queried several pkg files and all return NoDomainsAvailable, so can't share any experience.)

Keep in mind that, though, you can't arbitrarily relocate a pkg file. The reason is that configuration files, binaries and libraries included in the package usually specify or depend on absolute paths.

The package builder must actively convert those into relative paths (using postinstallation scripts and techniques like @rpath). So, generally speaking, you can only relocate a package that has been built with relocation in mind.

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