Paramiko 在执行大型 wget 命令时挂起
您好,我在执行通过 Ubuntu 10 服务器执行 wget 100mb 文件的命令时遇到问题。除此之外,较短的命令可以正常工作。下面的课程包含我如何使用 paramiko 以及我克服此问题的不同尝试(请参阅不同的 run 或 exec 方法)。在 exec_cmd 的情况下,执行挂在这一行:
out = self.in_buffer.read(nbytes, self.timeout)
来自 paramiko 的channel.py 模块的recv 方法。
使用 Mac 上的普通 ssh 实用程序,相同的 wget 命令可以在 shell 中完美运行。
"""
Management of SSH connections
"""
import logging
import os
import paramiko
import socket
import time
import StringIO
class SSHClient():
def __init__(self):
self._ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
self._ssh_client.load_system_host_keys()
self._ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
self.time_out = 300
self.wait = 5
def connect(self, hostname, user, pkey):
retry = self.time_out
self.hostname = hostname
logging.info("connecting to:%s user:%s key:%s" % (hostname, user, pkey))
while retry > 0:
try:
self._ssh_client.connect(hostname,
username=user,
key_filename=os.path.expanduser(pkey),
timeout=self.time_out)
return
except socket.error, (value,message):
if value == 61 or value == 111:
logging.warning('SSH Connection refused, will retry in 5 seconds')
time.sleep(self.wait)
retry -= self.wait
else:
raise
except paramiko.BadHostKeyException:
logging.warning("%s has an entry in ~/.ssh/known_hosts and it doesn't match" % self.server.hostname)
logging.warning('Edit that file to remove the entry and then try again')
retry = 0
except EOFError:
logging.warning('Unexpected Error from SSH Connection, retry in 5 seconds')
time.sleep(self.wait)
retry -= self.wait
logging.error('Could not establish SSH connection')
def exists(self, path):
status = self.run('[ -a %s ] || echo "FALSE"' % path)
if status[1].startswith('FALSE'):
return 0
return 1
def shell(self):
"""
Start an interactive shell session on the remote host.
"""
channel = self._ssh_client.invoke_shell()
interactive_shell(channel)
def run(self, command):
"""
Execute a command on the remote host. Return a tuple containing
an integer status and a string containing all output from the command.
"""
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (command, self.hostname))
log_fp = StringIO.StringIO()
status = 0
try:
t = self._ssh_client.exec_command(command)
except paramiko.SSHException:
logging.error("Error executing command: " + command)
status = 1
log_fp.write(t[1].read())
log_fp.write(t[2].read())
t[0].close()
t[1].close()
t[2].close()
logging.info('output: %s' % log_fp.getvalue())
return (status, log_fp.getvalue())
def run_pty(self, command):
"""
Execute a command on the remote host with a pseudo-terminal.
Returns a string containing the output of the command.
"""
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (command, self.hostname))
channel = self._ssh_client.get_transport().open_session()
channel.get_pty()
status = 0
try:
channel.exec_command(command)
except:
logging.error("Error executing command: " + command)
status = 1
return status, channel.recv(1024)
def close(self):
transport = self._ssh_client.get_transport()
transport.close()
def run_remote(self, cmd, check_exit_status=True, verbose=True, use_sudo=False):
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (cmd, self.hostname))
ssh = self._ssh_client
chan = ssh.get_transport().open_session()
stdin = chan.makefile('wb')
stdout = chan.makefile('rb')
stderr = chan.makefile_stderr('rb')
processed_cmd = cmd
if use_sudo:
processed_cmd = 'sudo -S bash -c "%s"' % cmd.replace('"', '\\"')
chan.exec_command(processed_cmd)
result = {
'stdout': [],
'stderr': [],
}
exit_status = chan.recv_exit_status()
result['exit_status'] = exit_status
def print_output():
for line in stdout:
result['stdout'].append(line)
logging.info(line)
for line in stderr:
result['stderr'].append(line)
logging.info(line)
if verbose:
print processed_cmd
print_output()
return exit_status,result
def exec_cmd(self, cmd):
import select
ssh = self._ssh_client
channel = ssh.get_transport().open_session()
END = "CMD_EPILOGqwkjidksjk58754dskhjdksjKDSL"
cmd += ";echo " + END
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (cmd, self.hostname))
channel.exec_command(cmd)
out = ""
buf = ""
while END not in buf:
rl, wl, xl = select.select([channel],[],[],0.0)
if len(rl) > 0:
# Must be stdout
buf = channel.recv(1024)
logging.info(buf)
out += buf
return 0, out
Hi I am having problems executing a command that performs a wget of a 100mb file over a Ubuntu 10 server. Shorter commands work fine except for this. The below class contains how I use paramiko and my different tries of overcoming this problem (see the different run or exec methods). In the case of exec_cmd the execution hangs on this line:
out = self.in_buffer.read(nbytes, self.timeout)
from the recv method of the channel.py module from paramiko.
The same wget command works perfectly in a shell using the normal ssh utility from Mac.
"""
Management of SSH connections
"""
import logging
import os
import paramiko
import socket
import time
import StringIO
class SSHClient():
def __init__(self):
self._ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
self._ssh_client.load_system_host_keys()
self._ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
self.time_out = 300
self.wait = 5
def connect(self, hostname, user, pkey):
retry = self.time_out
self.hostname = hostname
logging.info("connecting to:%s user:%s key:%s" % (hostname, user, pkey))
while retry > 0:
try:
self._ssh_client.connect(hostname,
username=user,
key_filename=os.path.expanduser(pkey),
timeout=self.time_out)
return
except socket.error, (value,message):
if value == 61 or value == 111:
logging.warning('SSH Connection refused, will retry in 5 seconds')
time.sleep(self.wait)
retry -= self.wait
else:
raise
except paramiko.BadHostKeyException:
logging.warning("%s has an entry in ~/.ssh/known_hosts and it doesn't match" % self.server.hostname)
logging.warning('Edit that file to remove the entry and then try again')
retry = 0
except EOFError:
logging.warning('Unexpected Error from SSH Connection, retry in 5 seconds')
time.sleep(self.wait)
retry -= self.wait
logging.error('Could not establish SSH connection')
def exists(self, path):
status = self.run('[ -a %s ] || echo "FALSE"' % path)
if status[1].startswith('FALSE'):
return 0
return 1
def shell(self):
"""
Start an interactive shell session on the remote host.
"""
channel = self._ssh_client.invoke_shell()
interactive_shell(channel)
def run(self, command):
"""
Execute a command on the remote host. Return a tuple containing
an integer status and a string containing all output from the command.
"""
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (command, self.hostname))
log_fp = StringIO.StringIO()
status = 0
try:
t = self._ssh_client.exec_command(command)
except paramiko.SSHException:
logging.error("Error executing command: " + command)
status = 1
log_fp.write(t[1].read())
log_fp.write(t[2].read())
t[0].close()
t[1].close()
t[2].close()
logging.info('output: %s' % log_fp.getvalue())
return (status, log_fp.getvalue())
def run_pty(self, command):
"""
Execute a command on the remote host with a pseudo-terminal.
Returns a string containing the output of the command.
"""
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (command, self.hostname))
channel = self._ssh_client.get_transport().open_session()
channel.get_pty()
status = 0
try:
channel.exec_command(command)
except:
logging.error("Error executing command: " + command)
status = 1
return status, channel.recv(1024)
def close(self):
transport = self._ssh_client.get_transport()
transport.close()
def run_remote(self, cmd, check_exit_status=True, verbose=True, use_sudo=False):
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (cmd, self.hostname))
ssh = self._ssh_client
chan = ssh.get_transport().open_session()
stdin = chan.makefile('wb')
stdout = chan.makefile('rb')
stderr = chan.makefile_stderr('rb')
processed_cmd = cmd
if use_sudo:
processed_cmd = 'sudo -S bash -c "%s"' % cmd.replace('"', '\\"')
chan.exec_command(processed_cmd)
result = {
'stdout': [],
'stderr': [],
}
exit_status = chan.recv_exit_status()
result['exit_status'] = exit_status
def print_output():
for line in stdout:
result['stdout'].append(line)
logging.info(line)
for line in stderr:
result['stderr'].append(line)
logging.info(line)
if verbose:
print processed_cmd
print_output()
return exit_status,result
def exec_cmd(self, cmd):
import select
ssh = self._ssh_client
channel = ssh.get_transport().open_session()
END = "CMD_EPILOGqwkjidksjk58754dskhjdksjKDSL"
cmd += ";echo " + END
logging.info('running:%s on %s' % (cmd, self.hostname))
channel.exec_command(cmd)
out = ""
buf = ""
while END not in buf:
rl, wl, xl = select.select([channel],[],[],0.0)
if len(rl) > 0:
# Must be stdout
buf = channel.recv(1024)
logging.info(buf)
out += buf
return 0, out
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我遇到了同样的问题,当我在远程 ssh 客户端上运行的 shell 脚本对 400Mb 文件执行 wget 命令时,我的 python 脚本挂起。
我发现向 wget 命令添加超时可以解决问题。
最初我有:
wget http://blah:8888/file.zip
现在有了:
wget -q -T90 http://blah:8888/file.zip
它就像一个魅力!
希望有帮助。
I had the same problem, my python script hung when the shell script I was running on a remote ssh client, did a wget command on a 400Mb file.
I found that adding a time-out to the wget command fixed the problem.
Originally I had:
wget http://blah:8888/file.zip
now with this:
wget -q -T90 http://blah:8888/file.zip
it works like a charm!
Hope it helps.
+=
时,您基本上都是在创建两个新字符串并读取第三个字符串。另一方面,如果您创建一个列表并将其追加,则创建的字符串数量将减半。select
或多或少是同名 C 方法的包装器:<块引用>
select() 和 pselect() 允许程序监视多个文件描述符,等待一个或多个文件描述符为某一类 I/O 操作(例如,可能的输入)“准备好”。文件描述符是 con-
如果可以在不阻塞的情况下执行相应的 I/O 操作(例如 read(2)),则说明已就绪。
socket.timeout
异常。recv
返回的每一行。你能移动日志行吗?它不能保证,但它会减少额外的处理。
+=
you are basically creating two new strings and reading a third. If you create a list and append it, on the other hand, you halve the number of strings created.select
is more or less a wrapper around the C method of the same name:socket.timeout
Exception in your code.recv
. Can you move the log line?It isn't guaranteed, but it will cut out extra processing.