perl 模式一一匹配并处理

发布于 2024-12-07 20:37:01 字数 619 浏览 0 评论 0原文

我有一个字符串，

[something]text1[/something] blah blah [something]text2[/something]

我需要编写一个 Perl 脚本来读取 [something] 标记中的内容，将其处理为“text-x”，然后用 [otherthing] 将其放回 标签。所以上面的字符串应该是

[otherthing]text-1[/otherthing] blah blah [otherthing]text-2[/otherthing]

处理“textx”到“text-x”不是一步过程。

所以这是我到目前为止所拥有的解决方案：

m/[something](?<text>.*)[/something]/

这将为我提供中间的字符串，我可以将其处理为“text-x”，但如何将其放回与 [otherthing]text-x 相同的位置[/其他]？

在这种情况下我该如何使用 s/// ？
如何将整个字符串一一处理？

原文

I have a string

[something]text1[/something] blah blah [something]text2[/something]

I need to write a Perl script to read what is in the [something] tag, process it to "text-x", and put it back with an [otherthing] tag. So the above string should be

[otherthing]text-1[/otherthing] blah blah [otherthing]text-2[/otherthing]

Processing "textx" to "text-x" is not one step process.

So this is solution that I have till now:

m/[something](?<text>.*)[/something]/

This will get me the string in between and I can process that to "text-x" but how do I put it back in the same place with [otherthing]text-x[/otherthing]?

How do I use s/// in this case?
How to do it for the whole string one by one ?

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避讳 2024-12-14 20:37:01

您可以使用 s/// 上的 /e 开关来计算右侧，然后再使用结果作为替换，并且 /g > 标记为每场比赛执行此操作。

这是一个简单的例子：

use 5.12.0;

my $str = ">1<  >2<  >34<";

$str =~ s/>(\d+)</">>".process("$1")."<<"/eg;

say $str;

sub process {
    return "x" x $_[0];
}

You can use the /e switch on s/// to evaluate the right hand side before using the result as the substitution, and the /g flag to do this for every match.

Here is a simple example:

use 5.12.0;

my $str = ">1<  >2<  >34<";

$str =~ s/>(\d+)</">>".process("$1")."<<"/eg;

say $str;

sub process {
    return "x" x $_[0];
}

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意中人 2024-12-14 20:37:01

这应该很接近。它使用 /e 修饰符允许您在正则表达式的替换端进行处理，因此它调用 fix_textx 函数，您可以在其中执行多个步骤。

迭代匹配的正常方法是使用 /g 修饰符。

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

my $string = '[something]text1[/something] blah blah [something]text2[/something]';

$string =~ s{\[something\](text[^[]*)\[\/something\]}
            {'[otherthing]' . fix_textx($1) . '[/otherthing]'}ge;

print $string;

sub fix_textx {
    my ($testx) = @_;
    $testx =~ s/text\K(.*)/-$1/;
    return $testx;
}

编辑：修复了方括号。谢谢@tadmc

This should come close. It uses the /e modifier to allow you to do processing in the replacement side of the regex and so it calls the fix_textx function where you can do multiple steps.

The normal way of iterating over matches is with the /g modifier.

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

my $string = '[something]text1[/something] blah blah [something]text2[/something]';

$string =~ s{\[something\](text[^[]*)\[\/something\]}
            {'[otherthing]' . fix_textx($1) . '[/otherthing]'}ge;

print $string;

sub fix_textx {
    my ($testx) = @_;
    $testx =~ s/text\K(.*)/-$1/;
    return $testx;
}

EDIT: fixed the square bracket. Thanks @tadmc

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