如何使用 gsub() 精确替换字符串
我有一个语料库： txt =“微电子图案内的图案层。” 我想用“形式”完全替换术语“模式”，我尝试编写代码：
txt_replaced = gsub("pattern","form",txt)
但是，txt_replaced 中的响应语料库是： “微电子形式内的形成层。”
正如您所看到的，术语“patterned”被错误地替换为“formed”，因为“patterned”中的部分特征与“pattern”相匹配。
我想询问是否可以使用 gsub() 精确替换字符串？ 也就是说，只有完全匹配的术语才应该被替换。
我渴望得到如下回应： “微电子形式内的图案层。”
非常感谢！
I have a corpus:
txt = "a patterned layer within a microelectronic pattern."
I would like to replace the term "pattern" exactly by "form", I try to write a code:
txt_replaced = gsub("pattern","form",txt)
However, the responsed corpus in txt_replaced is:
"a formed layer within a microelectronic form."
As you can see, the term "patterned" is wrongly replaced by "formed" because parts of characteristics in "patterned" matched to "pattern".
I would like to query that if I can replace the string exactly using gsub()?
That is, only the term with exactly match should be replaced.
I thirst for a responsed as below:
"a patterned layer within a microelectronic form."
Many thanks!
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正如@koshke 指出的，（我）之前已经回答过一个非常类似的问题。 ...但是那是
grep而这是gsub，所以我会再次回答它：“\<”是单词开头的转义序列，“>”是结束。在 R 字符串中，您需要将反斜杠加倍，因此：
或者，您可以使用
\b而不是\<和\>。\b匹配单词边界，因此两端都可以使用>另请注意，如果您只想替换 1 个匹配项，则应使用
sub而不是gsub。As @koshke noted, a very similar question has been answered before (by me). ...But that was
grepand this isgsub, so I'll answer it again:"\<" is an escape sequence for the beginning of a word, and ">" is the end. In R strings you need to double the backslashes, so:
Or, you could use
\binstead of\<and\>.\bmatches a word boundary so it can be used at both ends>Also note that if you want to replace only ONE occurrence, you should use
subinstead ofgsub.