使用 Powermock 模拟类的构造函数时出现 ExceptionInInitializerError。如何修复它?
这是我的案例。我有一个 AbstractController 类。它有一个子类Controller。在 AbstractController 的方法之一中,实例化了一个新的 ApplicationLock。我想在为控制器编写 ut 时模拟 ApplicationLock 。我写了一个如下的测试用例。
@test
public void testMethod(){
ApplicationLock mockLock=PowerMockito.mock(ApplicationLock.class);
PowerMockito.when(mockLock.tryObtain()).thenReturn(true);
PowerMockito.whenNew(ApplicationLock.class).withArguments(argThat(new IsFile()),anyString()).thenReturn(mockLock);
}
我已经向测试类添加了必要的注释。
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({AbstractController.class})
但运行此测试用例时出现以下错误。这是 AbstractController 中的静态初始值设定项。
原因:java.lang.NullPointerException 在 com.acompany.controller.common.AbstractController.(AbstractController.java:65)
private static final String DEFAULT_FOLDER = AbstractController.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource()
.getLocation().getPath();
完整堆栈跟踪如下。
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError 位于 java.lang.Class.forName0(本机方法) at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169) 在 javassist.runtime.Desc.getClassObject(Desc.java:44) 位于 javassist.runtime.Desc.getClassType(Desc.java:153) 位于 javassist.runtime.Desc.getType(Desc.java:123) 位于 javassist.runtime.Desc.getType(Desc.java:79) 位于 com.acompany.controller.portfolio.ControllerTest.testIncrementalFail(ControllerTest.java:195) 在 sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(本机方法) 处 sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) 在 sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) 在 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) 处 org.junit.internal.runners.TestMethod.invoke(TestMethod.java:66) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:307) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie$2.run(MethodRoadie.java:86) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(MethodRoadie.java:94) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:294) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTestInSuper(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:112) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:73) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:282) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:84) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:49) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:207) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:146) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:120) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34) 在 org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:118) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:102) 在 org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390) 在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197) 导致:java.lang.NullPointerException at com.acompany.controller.common.AbstractController.(AbstractController.java:65) ... 35 更多
Here is my case. I have a AbstractController class. It has a sub class Controller. In one of AbstractController's methods a new ApplicationLock is instantiated. I'd like to mock ApplicationLock when writing ut for Controller. I wrote a test case like below.
@test
public void testMethod(){
ApplicationLock mockLock=PowerMockito.mock(ApplicationLock.class);
PowerMockito.when(mockLock.tryObtain()).thenReturn(true);
PowerMockito.whenNew(ApplicationLock.class).withArguments(argThat(new IsFile()),anyString()).thenReturn(mockLock);
}
I've added necessary annotations to the test class.
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest({AbstractController.class})
But I got the following error when running this test case. That is a static initializer in AbstractController.
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.acompany.controller.common.AbstractController.(AbstractController.java:65)
private static final String DEFAULT_FOLDER = AbstractController.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource()
.getLocation().getPath();
Full stack trace is as below.
java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError at
java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method) at
java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169) at
javassist.runtime.Desc.getClassObject(Desc.java:44) at
javassist.runtime.Desc.getClassType(Desc.java:153) at
javassist.runtime.Desc.getType(Desc.java:123) at
javassist.runtime.Desc.getType(Desc.java:79) at
com.acompany.controller.portfolio.ControllerTest.testIncrementalFail(ControllerTest.java:195)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at
org.junit.internal.runners.TestMethod.invoke(TestMethod.java:66) at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:307)
at
org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie$2.run(MethodRoadie.java:86)
at
org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(MethodRoadie.java:94)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:294)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTestInSuper(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:112)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit47MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit47RunnerDelegateImpl.java:73)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:282)
at
org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:84)
at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:49)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:207)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:146)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:120)
at
org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34)
at
org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:118)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:102)
at
org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException at
com.acompany.controller.common.AbstractController.(AbstractController.java:65)
... 35 more
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您可以使用 then:
然后,在您的测试用例中,手动设置需要初始化的所有静态字段,包括 DEFAULT_FOLDER:
方法
Class.getProtectionDomain()
依赖于太多使用了类加载器,因此您可能无法让它在 JUnit/PowerMock 中工作,因为它们使用自己的类加载器。You could use then:
And then, in your test case, set manually all static fields that need to be initialized, including the DEFAULT_FOLDER:
The method
Class<?>.getProtectionDomain()
depends too much on class loader used, so you probably won't get it to work in JUnit/PowerMock, which use their own.