模型可以填充自己的属性吗？

发布于 2024-12-06 15:24:57 字数 398 浏览 0 评论 0原文

如果我有一个本质上代表数据库中的单行的模型，那么它是否适合扩展且适合测试，并且可以让其填充自己的属性，或者应该注入其属性，就像您一样会注入一个对象吗？

示例：

Class blog {
    $id;
    $title;
    $body;

    public function load($id) {
        // db query to load id, title, body
    }
}

或

Class blog {
    $id
    $title
    $body
}

// load blog data into $data, and then...

$blog = new Blog($data)

原文

If I have a model that essentially represents a single row in a database, is it scale-friendly and test-friendly, and all around okay practice to have it populate it's own properties, or should it have its properties injected, the same way you would inject an object?

Example:

Class blog {
    $id;
    $title;
    $body;

    public function load($id) {
        // db query to load id, title, body
    }
}

Class blog {
    $id
    $title
    $body
}

// load blog data into $data, and then...

$blog = new Blog($data)

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旧夏天 2024-12-13 15:24:57

直接在模型类中混合数据库访问被认为是一种不好的做法。通常首选注入值。

也就是说，如果您执意要做 $model->load($id) 之类的事情并让它从数据源中获取，那么您可以这样做：

class Model {
    private $_dataProvider;

    // inject data-provider dependency in constructor
    public function __construct($dataProvider){
        $this->_dataProvider = $dataProvider;
    } 

    public function loadById($id){
        $myData = $this->_dataProvider->loadDataById($id);
        $this->setFoo($myData['foo']);
        ...
    } 
}

通过注入数据访问类，您可以传递模拟进行测试，或者用某些 Web 服务替换数据库，或者其他什么。只要 $dataProvider 有一个接受 int 并返回适当数据结构的 loadDataById() 方法，就可以了。

就我个人而言，我更喜欢让我的模型保持良好状态，并专注于代表他们正在建模的任何内容。我依靠外部服务类和存储库来加载数据、将其注入模型并返回它们。

It's considered a bad practice to commingle database access inside your model classes directly. Injecting values is generally preferred.

That said, if you were dead set on doing something like $model->load($id) and having it fetch from a datasource, you could get away with something like:

class Model {
    private $_dataProvider;

    // inject data-provider dependency in constructor
    public function __construct($dataProvider){
        $this->_dataProvider = $dataProvider;
    } 

    public function loadById($id){
        $myData = $this->_dataProvider->loadDataById($id);
        $this->setFoo($myData['foo']);
        ...
    } 
}

By injecting a data access class, you can pass a mock in for testing, or replace your database with some web service, or whatever. As long as $dataProvider has a loadDataById() method that takes an int and returns the appropriate data structure, you're good.

Personally, I prefer keep my models nice and focused on representing whatever it is they're modeling. I rely on external service classes and repositories to load data, inject it into models, and return them.

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