在Python中，如何捕获刚刚引发的异常？

发布于 2024-12-06 10:13:36 字数 865 浏览 1 评论 0原文

我有这段代码：

jabberid = xmpp.protocol.JID(jid = jid)
    self.client = xmpp.Client(server = jabberid.getDomain(),
                              debug = [])
    if not self.client.connect():
        raise IOError('Cannot connect to Jabber server')
    else:
        if not self.client.auth(user = jabberid.getNode(),
                                password = password,
                                resource = jabberid.getResource()):
            raise IOError('Cannot authenticate on Jabber server')

它使用 xmpppy。由于 xmpppy 在无法连接或身份验证时不会抛出任何异常，因此我需要自己抛出它们。问题是，如何捕获抛出的异常以仅输出错误消息，而不输出完整的回溯，并保持代码运行？

编辑
这样的构造合适吗？

def raise_error():
    raise IOError('Error ...')

if not self.client.connect():
    try:
        self.raise_error()
    except IOError, error:
        print error

原文

I've got this piece of code:

jabberid = xmpp.protocol.JID(jid = jid)
    self.client = xmpp.Client(server = jabberid.getDomain(),
                              debug = [])
    if not self.client.connect():
        raise IOError('Cannot connect to Jabber server')
    else:
        if not self.client.auth(user = jabberid.getNode(),
                                password = password,
                                resource = jabberid.getResource()):
            raise IOError('Cannot authenticate on Jabber server')

It's using xmpppy. Since xmpppy does not throw any exceptions if it could not connect or authenticate, I need to throw them myself. The question is, how do I catch those exceptions I throw to output only the error message, but not the full traceback, and keep the code running despite them?

EDIT
Is this construction appropriate?

def raise_error():
    raise IOError('Error ...')

if not self.client.connect():
    try:
        self.raise_error()
    except IOError, error:
        print error

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悲念泪 2024-12-13 10:13:36

Try/ except 就像 python 中的所有异常一样。这是一个例子：

def raise_error():
    raise IOError('Error Message')

print('Before Call.')

try:
    raise_error()
except IOError as error:
    print(error)

print('After Call.')

编辑：

制作一个更现实的例子：

def connect_to_client():
    ...
    if time_since_client_responded > 5000:
        raise ClientTimeoutError(client_name+" timed out.")

...
try:
    connect_to_client("server:22")
except ClientTimeoutError as error:
    print(error)
    sys.exit(1)

Try/except like with all exceptions in python. Here is an example:

def raise_error():
    raise IOError('Error Message')

print('Before Call.')

try:
    raise_error()
except IOError as error:
    print(error)

print('After Call.')

Edit:

To make a more realistic example:

def connect_to_client():
    ...
    if time_since_client_responded > 5000:
        raise ClientTimeoutError(client_name+" timed out.")

...
try:
    connect_to_client("server:22")
except ClientTimeoutError as error:
    print(error)
    sys.exit(1)

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