在 Eclipse 中使用 Ant 运行 JUnit 测试时出现问题。初学者问题
这些天我正在学习如何使用 ant 来按照这个 教程 运行自动化测试。
我的项目的类路径中有 JUnit。一切似乎都工作正常，我可以将它包含在我的类中：
import junit.framework.TestCase; //line20
public class SimpleLattice1DTest extends TestCase{
...
}
我的 build.xml 是：
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project name="Ant-Test" default="compile" basedir=".">
<!-- Sets variables which can later be used. -->
<!-- The value of a property is accessed via ${} -->
<property name="src.dir" location="." />
<property name="build.dir" location="build" />
<property name="dist.dir" location="dist" />
<property name="docs.dir" location="docs" />
<property name="test.dir" location="jlife/tests" />
<property name="test.report.dir" location="test/report" />
<!-- Deletes the existing build, docs and dist directory-->
<target name="clean">
<delete dir="${build.dir}" />
<delete dir="${docs.dir}" />
<delete dir="${dist.dir}" />
</target>
<!-- Creates the build, docs and dist directory-->
<target name="makedir">
<mkdir dir="${build.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${docs.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${dist.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${test.report.dir}" />
</target>
<!-- Compiles the java code (including the usage of library for JUnit -->
<target name="compile" depends="clean, makedir">
<javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${build.dir}">
</javac>
</target>
<!-- Creates Javadoc -->
<target name="docs" depends="compile">
<javadoc packagenames="src" sourcepath="${src.dir}" destdir="${docs.dir}">
<!-- Define which files / directory should get included, we include all -->
<fileset dir="${src.dir}">
<include name="**" />
</fileset>
</javadoc>
</target>
<!--Creates the deployable jar file -->
<target name="jar" depends="compile">
<jar destfile="${dist.dir}\CoreTest.jar" basedir="${build.dir}">
<manifest>
<attribute name="Main-Test" value="test.CoreTest" />
</manifest>
</jar>
</target>
<!-- Run the JUnit Tests -->
<!-- Output is XML, could also be plain-->
<target name="junit" depends="compile">
<junit printsummary="on" fork="true" haltonfailure="yes">
<formatter type="xml" />
<batchtest todir="${test.report.dir}">
<fileset dir="${src.dir}">
<include name="**/*Test*.java" />
</fileset>
</batchtest>
</junit>
</target>
</project>
当我将它运行到 Eclipse 中时，出现以下错误：
[javac] C:\Documents 和 设置 \noname\Documenti\JLife_git\JLife_git\JLife\src\jlife\tests\SimpleLattice1DTest.java:20: 包 junit.framework 不存在 [javac]导入junit.framework.TestCase;
我想它有问题，但我不知道。有人能让我走上正确的方向吗？
I'm learning these days how to use ant to run automated test folowing this tutorial.
I have JUnit in the classpath of my project. All seem to work fine and I can include it in my classes:
import junit.framework.TestCase; //line20
public class SimpleLattice1DTest extends TestCase{
...
}
My build.xml is:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project name="Ant-Test" default="compile" basedir=".">
<!-- Sets variables which can later be used. -->
<!-- The value of a property is accessed via ${} -->
<property name="src.dir" location="." />
<property name="build.dir" location="build" />
<property name="dist.dir" location="dist" />
<property name="docs.dir" location="docs" />
<property name="test.dir" location="jlife/tests" />
<property name="test.report.dir" location="test/report" />
<!-- Deletes the existing build, docs and dist directory-->
<target name="clean">
<delete dir="${build.dir}" />
<delete dir="${docs.dir}" />
<delete dir="${dist.dir}" />
</target>
<!-- Creates the build, docs and dist directory-->
<target name="makedir">
<mkdir dir="${build.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${docs.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${dist.dir}" />
<mkdir dir="${test.report.dir}" />
</target>
<!-- Compiles the java code (including the usage of library for JUnit -->
<target name="compile" depends="clean, makedir">
<javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${build.dir}">
</javac>
</target>
<!-- Creates Javadoc -->
<target name="docs" depends="compile">
<javadoc packagenames="src" sourcepath="${src.dir}" destdir="${docs.dir}">
<!-- Define which files / directory should get included, we include all -->
<fileset dir="${src.dir}">
<include name="**" />
</fileset>
</javadoc>
</target>
<!--Creates the deployable jar file -->
<target name="jar" depends="compile">
<jar destfile="${dist.dir}\CoreTest.jar" basedir="${build.dir}">
<manifest>
<attribute name="Main-Test" value="test.CoreTest" />
</manifest>
</jar>
</target>
<!-- Run the JUnit Tests -->
<!-- Output is XML, could also be plain-->
<target name="junit" depends="compile">
<junit printsummary="on" fork="true" haltonfailure="yes">
<formatter type="xml" />
<batchtest todir="${test.report.dir}">
<fileset dir="${src.dir}">
<include name="**/*Test*.java" />
</fileset>
</batchtest>
</junit>
</target>
</project>
When i run it into eclipse I get the following error:
[javac] C:\Documents and
Settings\noname\Documenti\JLife_git\JLife_git\JLife\src\jlife\tests\SimpleLattice1DTest.java:20:
package junit.framework does not exist
[javac] import junit.framework.TestCase;
I suppose there's something wrong with it, but I have no idea. Could someone put me in the right direction?
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评论（4）
您的 javac 目标除了源目录和目标目录之外没有指定任何内容 - 它不会添加任何类路径条目；您需要为相应的 JUnit jar 文件添加一个条目。有关更多详细信息，请参阅
javac任务文档。您可能希望将 JUnit 的路径指定为类路径属性、嵌套元素或对其他地方声明的路径的引用。Your
javactarget doesn't specify anything apart from the source and target directory - it doesn't add any classpath entries; you'll need to add an entry for the appropriate JUnit jar file. See thejavactask documentation for more details. You may want to specify the path to JUnit as a classpath attribute, a nested element, or a reference to a path declared elsewhere.eclipse 类路径与您的 ant 环境是分开的。在构建文件中，当您调用 javac 时，您需要提供类路径属性。
您可以使用其余属性在文件顶部定义类路径，如下所示：
然后通过设置
classpathref属性在每次调用 javac 时使用它，如下所示：The eclipse classpath is separate from your ant environment. In your build file, when you call
javacyou need to supply a classpath attribute.You can define the classpath at the top of the file with the rest of your properties, like this:
and then use it in each call to javac by setting the
classpathrefattribute, like this:您需要指定包含 .class 文件和外部 jar（如 junit）的目录。
例如，
这是我摘录的完整文件，以防您需要有关如何设置其他常见内容（emma、javadoc 等）的想法
You need to specify the directory that contains your .class files and your external jars (like junit).
e.g.
Here's the complete file I took that excerpt from in case you need ideas for how to setup other common things (emma, javadoc, etc)
如果观察错误堆栈，您会发现以下行，就在您提到的错误行上方...
[javac] [类文件的搜索路径：C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\lib\resource...
此行显示了类路径中可用于此 ant 目标执行的所有 jar。
你肯定不会在这里找到想要的jar，即junit-xxxjar (junit-4.8.2.jar)
现在转到eclipse ->;窗口->偏好->蚂蚁->运行时->全局条目 -> 4.8.2jar （您可以在项目 lib 目录中找到它）
添加 Jars 添加 junit - 运行时->类路径和错误堆栈中与类路径相关的错误行，您就会明白这个问题。
希望这能解决您的问题。
If you observe the error stack, you will find the following line, just above the error line you mentioned...
[javac] [search path for class files: C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\lib\resource...
This line shows all the jars available in the class path for this ant target execution.
You will definitely not find the desired jar over here i.e. junit-x.x.x.jar (junit-4.8.2.jar)
Now go to eclipse -> Window -> preferences -> Ant -> Runtime -> Global Entries -> Add Jars add junit-4.8.2jar (which you will find in your project lib directory)
If you play around the Ant -> Runtime -> classpath and the classpath related error line in the error stack, you will understand the issue.
Hope this solves your problem.