如何解决“AttributeError: __exit__”问题在Python中的多处理中?

发布于 2024-12-05 03:43:24 字数 2295 浏览 1 评论 0原文

我尝试重写一些 csv 读取代码,以便能够在 Python 3.2.2 中的多个内核上运行它。我尝试使用多处理的 Pool 对象,该对象是我根据工作示例改编的(并且已经为我项目的另一部分工作)。我遇到了一条很难破译和排除故障的错误消息。

错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "parser5_nodots_parallel.py", line 256, in <module>
    MG,ppl = csv2graph(r)
  File "parser5_nodots_parallel.py", line 245, in csv2graph
    node_chunks)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/lib/python3.2/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 251, in map
    return self.map_async(func, iterable, chunksize).get()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/lib/python3.2/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 552, in get
    raise self._value
AttributeError: __exit__

相关代码:

import csv
import time
import datetime
import re
from operator import itemgetter
from multiprocessing import Pool
import itertools

def chunks(l,n):
    """Divide a list of nodes `l` in `n` chunks"""
    l_c = iter(l)
    while 1:
        x = tuple(itertools.islice(l_c,n))
        if not x:
            return
        yield x

def csv2nodes(r):
    strptime = time.strptime
    mktime = time.mktime
    l = []
    ppl = set()
    pattern = re.compile(r"""[A-Za-z0-9"/]+?(?=[,\n])""")
    for row in r:
        with pattern.findall(row) as f:
            cell = int(f[3])
            id = int(f[2])
            st = mktime(strptime(f[0],'%d/%m/%Y'))
            ed = mktime(strptime(f[1],'%d/%m/%Y'))
        # collect list
        l.append([(id,cell,{1:st,2: ed})])
        # collect separate sets
        ppl.add(id)
    return (l,ppl)

def csv2graph(source):
    MG=nx.MultiGraph()
    # Remember that I use integers for edge attributes, to save space! Dic above.
    # start: 1
    # end: 2
    p = Pool()
    node_divisor = len(p._pool)
    node_chunks = list(chunks(source,int(len(source)/int(node_divisor))))
    num_chunks = len(node_chunks)
    pedgelists = p.map(csv2nodes,
                       node_chunks)
    ll = []
    ppl = set()
    for l in pedgelists:
        ll.append(l[0])
        ppl.update(l[1])
    MG.add_edges_from(ll)
    return (MG,ppl)

with open('/Users/laszlosandor/Dropbox/peers_prisons/python/codetenus_test.txt','r') as source:
    r = source.readlines()
    MG,ppl = csv2graph(r)

解决此问题的好方法是什么?

I tried to rewrite some csv-reading code to be able to run it on multiple cores in Python 3.2.2. I tried to use the Pool object of multiprocessing, which I adapted from working examples (and already worked for me for another part of my project). I ran into an error message I found hard to decipher and troubleshoot.

The error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "parser5_nodots_parallel.py", line 256, in <module>
    MG,ppl = csv2graph(r)
  File "parser5_nodots_parallel.py", line 245, in csv2graph
    node_chunks)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/lib/python3.2/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 251, in map
    return self.map_async(func, iterable, chunksize).get()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.2/lib/python3.2/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 552, in get
    raise self._value
AttributeError: __exit__

The relevant code:

import csv
import time
import datetime
import re
from operator import itemgetter
from multiprocessing import Pool
import itertools

def chunks(l,n):
    """Divide a list of nodes `l` in `n` chunks"""
    l_c = iter(l)
    while 1:
        x = tuple(itertools.islice(l_c,n))
        if not x:
            return
        yield x

def csv2nodes(r):
    strptime = time.strptime
    mktime = time.mktime
    l = []
    ppl = set()
    pattern = re.compile(r"""[A-Za-z0-9"/]+?(?=[,\n])""")
    for row in r:
        with pattern.findall(row) as f:
            cell = int(f[3])
            id = int(f[2])
            st = mktime(strptime(f[0],'%d/%m/%Y'))
            ed = mktime(strptime(f[1],'%d/%m/%Y'))
        # collect list
        l.append([(id,cell,{1:st,2: ed})])
        # collect separate sets
        ppl.add(id)
    return (l,ppl)

def csv2graph(source):
    MG=nx.MultiGraph()
    # Remember that I use integers for edge attributes, to save space! Dic above.
    # start: 1
    # end: 2
    p = Pool()
    node_divisor = len(p._pool)
    node_chunks = list(chunks(source,int(len(source)/int(node_divisor))))
    num_chunks = len(node_chunks)
    pedgelists = p.map(csv2nodes,
                       node_chunks)
    ll = []
    ppl = set()
    for l in pedgelists:
        ll.append(l[0])
        ppl.update(l[1])
    MG.add_edges_from(ll)
    return (MG,ppl)

with open('/Users/laszlosandor/Dropbox/peers_prisons/python/codetenus_test.txt','r') as source:
    r = source.readlines()
    MG,ppl = csv2graph(r)

What's a good way to troubleshoot this?

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评论(4

池木 2024-12-12 03:43:24

问题出在这一行:

with pattern.findall(row) as f:

您正在使用 with 语句。它需要一个具有 __enter____exit__ 方法的对象。但是pattern.findall返回一个listwith尝试存储__exit__方法,但是找不到它,并引发错误。就用

f = pattern.findall(row)

代替吧。

The problem is in this line:

with pattern.findall(row) as f:

You are using the with statement. It requires an object with __enter__ and __exit__ methods. But pattern.findall returns a list, with tries to store the __exit__ method, but it can't find it, and raises an error. Just use

f = pattern.findall(row)

instead.

書生途 2024-12-12 03:43:24

在这种情况下,这不是提问者的问题,但通用“AttributeError:__exit__”的第一个故障排除步骤应该是确保括号在那里,例如

with SomeContextManager() as foo:
    #works because a new object is referenced...

with SomeContextManager as foo:
    #AttributeError because the class is referenced

让我困惑有时我会来到这里 -__-

It is not the asker's problem in this instance but the first troubleshooting step for a generic "AttributeError: __exit__" should be making sure the brackets are there, e.g.

with SomeContextManager() as foo:
    #works because a new object is referenced...

not

with SomeContextManager as foo:
    #AttributeError because the class is referenced

Catches me out from time to time and I end up here -__-

苍暮颜 2024-12-12 03:43:24

当尝试使用

with multiprocessing.Pool() as pool:
   # ...

太旧的 Python 版本(例如 Python 2.X)并且不支持将 with 与多处理池一起使用时,也会发生此错误。

(有关更多详细信息,请参阅另一个问题的答案https://stackoverflow.com/a/25968716/1426569

The error also happens when trying to use the

with multiprocessing.Pool() as pool:
   # ...

with a Python version that is too old (like Python 2.X) and does not support using with together with multiprocessing pools.

(See this answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/25968716/1426569 to another question for more details)

咿呀咿呀哟 2024-12-12 03:43:24

这个错误背后的原因是:
Flask 应用程序已经在运行,尚未关闭,在中间我们尝试通过以下方式启动另一个实例:
与 app.app_context():
#代码
在使用此 with 语句之前,我们需要确保先前运行的应用程序的范围已关闭。

The reason behind this error is :
Flask app is already running, hasn't shut down and in middle of that we try to start another instance by:
with app.app_context():
#Code
Before we use this with statement we need to make sure that scope of the previous running app is closed.

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