PHP fopen() 在文件上失败,即使具有广泛的开放权限
我目前正在将 LAMP 从 Windows Server 迁移到运行 Debian 6 的 VPS。大多数情况都正常,但是其中一个 PHP 脚本无法写入其配置的日志文件。我无法确定原因,因此我编写了一个新的、简单的、人为的 PHP 脚本来测试该问题。
<?php
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);
echo exec('whoami');
$log = fopen('/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log', 'a');
if ($log != NULL)
{
fflush($log);
fclose($log);
$log = NULL;
}
?>
但是,它失败了,结果是:
www-data Warning: fopen(/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log): failed to open stream: Permission denied in /var/www/_admin/phpwritetest.php on line 5
- 虽然我通常不会这样做,但为了帮助诊断,我将 /var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log 设置为 chmod 777。
- 目录和文件归
www-data:www-data
所有。 - 该文件是使用
touch
创建的。
我运行了 strace 来验证哪个进程正在执行打开:
[pid 21931] lstat("/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log", 0x7fff81677d30) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
[pid 21931] lstat("/var/log/apache2/writetest", 0x7fff81677b90) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
[pid 21931] open("/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
我检查了 pid 21931 确实是在 www-data 下运行的 apache2 子进程之一。正如您所看到的,我还在脚本中添加了 echo exec('whoami');
,以确认该脚本正在由 www-data
运行。
其他注意事项:
- PHP 未在安全模式下运行
- PHP
open_basedir
未设置 - 版本信息:
Apache/2.2.16 (Debian) PHP/5.3.3-7+squeeze3 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl /2.2.16 OpenSSL/0.9.8o
- uname -a:
2.6.32-238.19.1.el5.028stab092.2 #1 SMP Thu Jul 21 19:23:22 MSD 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux
- 这是在 OpenVZ ls -l 下运行的 VPS 上
- (文件): <代码>-rwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data 0 Sep 8 18:13 writetest.log
- ls -l (directory):
drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 Sep 8 18:13 writetest
- Apache2 的父进程在
root
,并且www-data
下的子进程 - selinux没有安装(感谢Fabio提醒我提到这一点)
- 我已经重新启动了apache很多次次并重新启动服务器
I'm currently migrating my LAMP from my Windows Server to a VPS running Debian 6. Most everything is working, however, one of the PHP scripts was failing to write to its configured log file. I could not determine why, so I wrote a new, simple, contrived PHP script to test the problem.
<?php
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);
echo exec('whoami');
$log = fopen('/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log', 'a');
if ($log != NULL)
{
fflush($log);
fclose($log);
$log = NULL;
}
?>
However, it fails with the result:
www-data Warning: fopen(/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log): failed to open stream: Permission denied in /var/www/_admin/phpwritetest.php on line 5
- While I would never do it normally, to help diagnose, I set
/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log
to chmod 777. - Both the directory and the file are owned by
www-data:www-data
. - The file was created with
touch
.
I ran strace
to verify which process was performing the open:
[pid 21931] lstat("/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log", 0x7fff81677d30) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
[pid 21931] lstat("/var/log/apache2/writetest", 0x7fff81677b90) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
[pid 21931] open("/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log", O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0666) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
I checked and pid 21931 was indeed one of the apache2 child processes running under www-data
. As you can see, I also included echo exec('whoami');
in the script which confirmed the script was being run by www-data
.
Other notes:
- PHP is not running in safe mode
- PHP
open_basedir
is not set - Version info:
Apache/2.2.16 (Debian) PHP/5.3.3-7+squeeze3 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.16 OpenSSL/0.9.8o
- uname -a:
2.6.32-238.19.1.el5.028stab092.2 #1 SMP Thu Jul 21 19:23:22 MSD 2011 x86_64 GNU/Linux
- This is on a VPS running under OpenVZ
- ls -l (file):
-rwxrwxrwx 1 www-data www-data 0 Sep 8 18:13 writetest.log
- ls -l (directory):
drwxr-xr-x 2 www-data www-data 4096 Sep 8 18:13 writetest
- Apache2's parent process runs under
root
, and the child processes underwww-data
- selinux is not installed (thanks to Fabio for reminding me to mention this)
- I have restarted apache many times and rebooted the server as well
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请记住,为了访问文件,所有父目录都必须可由 www-data 读取。您 strace 输出似乎表明即使访问
/var/log/apache2/writetest
也失败。确保 www-data 对以下目录具有权限:/ (rx)
/var (rx)
/var/log (rx)
/var/log/apache2 (rx)
/var/log/apache2/writetest (rwx)
/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log ( rw-)
Remember that in order to reach a file, ALL parent directories must be readable by www-data. You strace output seems to indicate that even accessing
/var/log/apache2/writetest
is failing. Make sure that www-data has permissions on the following directories:/ (r-x)
/var (r-x)
/var/log (r-x)
/var/log/apache2 (r-x)
/var/log/apache2/writetest (rwx)
/var/log/apache2/writetest/writetest.log (rw-)
进行写入的 php 文件是否设置了适当的权限?尝试更改这些内容以查看是否是问题所在。
Does the php file doing the writing have proper permissions set? Try changing those to see if that's the issue.
可能是 SELinux 问题,即使 Debian 没有在默认安装中提供它,您的提供商也可以启用它。在
/var/log
中查找消息,如果这是原因并且您需要禁用它,请参阅以下说明:查找文件
/etc/selinux/config
,这里是默认内容。将SELINUX
指令更改为disabled
并重新启动系统。Could be a SELinux issue, even if Debian doesn't ship it in the default installation your provider could have enabled it. Look for messages in
/var/log
withIf that's the cause and you need to disable it, here are instructions: look for file
/etc/selinux/config
, here it's default content. ChangeSELINUX
directive todisabled
and reboot the system.