LINQ 中的分组依据

发布于 2024-12-03 12:06:36 字数 1025 浏览 1 评论 0原文

假设我们有一个这样的类:

class Person { 
    internal int PersonID; 
    internal string car; 
}

我有一个此类的列表: List; people;

并且此列表可以有多个具有相同 PersonID 的实例,例如:

persons[0] = new Person { PersonID = 1, car = "Ferrari" }; 
persons[1] = new Person { PersonID = 1, car = "BMW"     }; 
persons[2] = new Person { PersonID = 2, car = "Audi"    }; 

有没有一种方法可以按 PersonID 进行分组并获取所有的列表他有哪些车?

例如,预期结果是

class Result { 
   int PersonID;
   List<string> cars; 
}

所以分组后,我会得到:

results[0].PersonID = 1; 
List<string> cars = results[0].cars; 

result[1].PersonID = 2; 
List<string> cars = result[1].cars;

从我到目前为止所做的事情来看:

var results = from p in persons
              group p by p.PersonID into g
              select new { PersonID = g.Key, // this is where I am not sure what to do

有人可以指出我正确的方向吗?

Let's suppose if we have a class like:

class Person { 
    internal int PersonID; 
    internal string car; 
}

I have a list of this class: List<Person> persons;

And this list can have multiple instances with same PersonIDs, for example:

persons[0] = new Person { PersonID = 1, car = "Ferrari" }; 
persons[1] = new Person { PersonID = 1, car = "BMW"     }; 
persons[2] = new Person { PersonID = 2, car = "Audi"    }; 

Is there a way I can group by PersonID and get the list of all the cars he has?

For example, the expected result would be

class Result { 
   int PersonID;
   List<string> cars; 
}

So after grouping, I would get:

results[0].PersonID = 1; 
List<string> cars = results[0].cars; 

result[1].PersonID = 2; 
List<string> cars = result[1].cars;

From what I have done so far:

var results = from p in persons
              group p by p.PersonID into g
              select new { PersonID = g.Key, // this is where I am not sure what to do

Could someone please point me in the right direction?

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评论(10

遇到 2024-12-10 12:06:36

绝对 - 你基本上想要:

var results = from p in persons
              group p.car by p.PersonId into g
              select new { PersonId = g.Key, Cars = g.ToList() };

或者作为非查询表达式:

var results = persons.GroupBy(
    p => p.PersonId, 
    p => p.car,
    (key, g) => new { PersonId = key, Cars = g.ToList() });

基本上,组的内容(当被视为 IEnumerable 时)是投影中任何值的序列(p.car 在这种情况下)存在给定的密钥。

有关 GroupBy 工作原理的更多信息,请参阅我的 有关该主题的 Edulinq 帖子

(我已将上面的 PersonID 重命名为 PersonId,以遵循 .NET 命名约定,在“大写复合词和常用术语”部分中专门指出了这一点。)

或者,您可以使用Lookup

var carsByPersonId = persons.ToLookup(p => p.PersonId, p => p.car);

然后您可以非常轻松地获取每个人的汽车:

// This will be an empty sequence for any personId not in the lookup
var carsForPerson = carsByPersonId[personId];

Absolutely - you basically want:

var results = from p in persons
              group p.car by p.PersonId into g
              select new { PersonId = g.Key, Cars = g.ToList() };

Or as a non-query expression:

var results = persons.GroupBy(
    p => p.PersonId, 
    p => p.car,
    (key, g) => new { PersonId = key, Cars = g.ToList() });

Basically the contents of the group (when viewed as an IEnumerable<T>) is a sequence of whatever values were in the projection (p.car in this case) present for the given key.

For more on how GroupBy works, see my Edulinq post on the topic.

(I've renamed PersonID to PersonId in the above, to follow .NET naming conventions, which specifically call this out in the "Capitalizing Compound Words and Common Terms" section.)

Alternatively, you could use a Lookup:

var carsByPersonId = persons.ToLookup(p => p.PersonId, p => p.car);

You can then get the cars for each person very easily:

// This will be an empty sequence for any personId not in the lookup
var carsForPerson = carsByPersonId[personId];
岁月流歌 2024-12-10 12:06:36
var results = from p in persons
              group p by p.PersonID into g
              select new { PersonID = g.Key,
                           /**/car = g.Select(g=>g.car).FirstOrDefault()/**/}
var results = from p in persons
              group p by p.PersonID into g
              select new { PersonID = g.Key,
                           /**/car = g.Select(g=>g.car).FirstOrDefault()/**/}
被翻牌 2024-12-10 12:06:36

你也可以试试这个:

var results= persons.GroupBy(n => new { n.PersonId, n.car})
                .Select(g => new {
                               g.Key.PersonId,
                               g.Key.car)}).ToList();

You can also Try this:

var results= persons.GroupBy(n => new { n.PersonId, n.car})
                .Select(g => new {
                               g.Key.PersonId,
                               g.Key.car)}).ToList();
锦爱 2024-12-10 12:06:36
var results = from p in persons
              group p by p.PersonID into g
              select new { PersonID = g.Key, Cars = g.Select(m => m.car) };
var results = from p in persons
              group p by p.PersonID into g
              select new { PersonID = g.Key, Cars = g.Select(m => m.car) };
时常饿 2024-12-10 12:06:36

尝试

persons.GroupBy(x => x.PersonId).Select(x => x)

检查是否有人在您的列表中重复尝试

persons.GroupBy(x => x.PersonId).Where(x => x.Count() > 1).Any(x => x)

try

persons.GroupBy(x => x.PersonId).Select(x => x)

or

to check if any person is repeating in your list try

persons.GroupBy(x => x.PersonId).Where(x => x.Count() > 1).Any(x => x)
近箐 2024-12-10 12:06:36

我使用查询语法和方法语法创建了一个工作代码示例。我希望它对其他人有帮助:)

您还可以在此处的 .Net Fiddle 上运行代码:

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Person
{ 
    public int PersonId; 
    public string car  ; 
}

class Result
{ 
   public int PersonId;
   public List<string> Cars; 
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        List<Person> persons = new List<Person>()
        {
            new Person { PersonId = 1, car = "Ferrari" },
            new Person { PersonId = 1, car = "BMW" },
            new Person { PersonId = 2, car = "Audi"}
        };

        //With Query Syntax

        List<Result> results1 = (
            from p in persons
            group p by p.PersonId into g
            select new Result()
                {
                    PersonId = g.Key, 
                    Cars = g.Select(c => c.car).ToList()
                }
            ).ToList();

        foreach (Result item in results1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item.PersonId);
            foreach(string car in item.Cars)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(car);
            }
        }

        Console.WriteLine("-----------");

        //Method Syntax

        List<Result> results2 = persons
            .GroupBy(p => p.PersonId, 
                     (k, c) => new Result()
                             {
                                 PersonId = k,
                                 Cars = c.Select(cs => cs.car).ToList()
                             }
                    ).ToList();

        foreach (Result item in results2)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item.PersonId);
            foreach(string car in item.Cars)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(car);
            }
        }
    }
}

这是结果:

1
Ferrari
BMW
2
Audi
-----------
1
Ferrari
BMW
2
Audi

I have created a working code sample with Query Syntax and Method Syntax. I hope it helps the others :)

You can also run the code on .Net Fiddle here:

using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class Person
{ 
    public int PersonId; 
    public string car  ; 
}

class Result
{ 
   public int PersonId;
   public List<string> Cars; 
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        List<Person> persons = new List<Person>()
        {
            new Person { PersonId = 1, car = "Ferrari" },
            new Person { PersonId = 1, car = "BMW" },
            new Person { PersonId = 2, car = "Audi"}
        };

        //With Query Syntax

        List<Result> results1 = (
            from p in persons
            group p by p.PersonId into g
            select new Result()
                {
                    PersonId = g.Key, 
                    Cars = g.Select(c => c.car).ToList()
                }
            ).ToList();

        foreach (Result item in results1)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item.PersonId);
            foreach(string car in item.Cars)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(car);
            }
        }

        Console.WriteLine("-----------");

        //Method Syntax

        List<Result> results2 = persons
            .GroupBy(p => p.PersonId, 
                     (k, c) => new Result()
                             {
                                 PersonId = k,
                                 Cars = c.Select(cs => cs.car).ToList()
                             }
                    ).ToList();

        foreach (Result item in results2)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item.PersonId);
            foreach(string car in item.Cars)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(car);
            }
        }
    }
}

Here is the result:

1
Ferrari
BMW
2
Audi
-----------
1
Ferrari
BMW
2
Audi

╰つ倒转 2024-12-10 12:06:36

首先,设置您的关键字段。然后包括您的其他字段:

var results = 
    persons
    .GroupBy(n => n.PersonId)
    .Select(r => new Result {PersonID = r.Key, Cars = r.ToList() })
    .ToList()

First, set your key field. Then include your other fields:

var results = 
    persons
    .GroupBy(n => n.PersonId)
    .Select(r => new Result {PersonID = r.Key, Cars = r.ToList() })
    .ToList()
书间行客 2024-12-10 12:06:36

试试这个:

var results= persons.GroupBy(n => n.PersonId)
            .Select(g => new {
                           PersonId=g.Key,
                           Cars=g.Select(p=>p.car).ToList())}).ToList();

但是从性能角度来看,以下实践在内存使用方面更好并且更优化(当我们的数组包含更多项目(例如数百万)时):

var carDic=new Dictionary<int,List<string>>();
for(int i=0;i<persons.length;i++)
{
   var person=persons[i];
   if(carDic.ContainsKey(person.PersonId))
   {
        carDic[person.PersonId].Add(person.car);
   }
   else
   {
        carDic[person.PersonId]=new List<string>(){person.car};
   }
}
//returns the list of cars for PersonId 1
var carList=carDic[1];

Try this :

var results= persons.GroupBy(n => n.PersonId)
            .Select(g => new {
                           PersonId=g.Key,
                           Cars=g.Select(p=>p.car).ToList())}).ToList();

But performance-wise the following practice is better and more optimized in memory usage (when our array contains much more items like millions):

var carDic=new Dictionary<int,List<string>>();
for(int i=0;i<persons.length;i++)
{
   var person=persons[i];
   if(carDic.ContainsKey(person.PersonId))
   {
        carDic[person.PersonId].Add(person.car);
   }
   else
   {
        carDic[person.PersonId]=new List<string>(){person.car};
   }
}
//returns the list of cars for PersonId 1
var carList=carDic[1];
心碎无痕… 2024-12-10 12:06:36

以下示例使用 GroupBy 方法返回按 PersonID 分组的对象。

var results = persons.GroupBy(x => x.PersonID)
              .Select(x => (PersonID: x.Key, Cars: x.Select(p => p.car).ToList())
              ).ToList();

或者

 var results = persons.GroupBy(
               person => person.PersonID,
               (key, groupPerson) => (PersonID: key, Cars: groupPerson.Select(x => x.car).ToList()));

或者

 var results = from person in persons
               group person by person.PersonID into groupPerson
               select (PersonID: groupPerson.Key, Cars: groupPerson.Select(x => x.car).ToList());

或者你可以使用ToLookup,基本上ToLookup使用EqualityComparer。默认比较键并执行使用时应该手动执行的操作分组依据和字典。
我认为它是在内存中执行的

 ILookup<int, string> results = persons.ToLookup(
            person => person.PersonID,
            person => person.car);

The following example uses the GroupBy method to return objects that are grouped by PersonID.

var results = persons.GroupBy(x => x.PersonID)
              .Select(x => (PersonID: x.Key, Cars: x.Select(p => p.car).ToList())
              ).ToList();

Or

 var results = persons.GroupBy(
               person => person.PersonID,
               (key, groupPerson) => (PersonID: key, Cars: groupPerson.Select(x => x.car).ToList()));

Or

 var results = from person in persons
               group person by person.PersonID into groupPerson
               select (PersonID: groupPerson.Key, Cars: groupPerson.Select(x => x.car).ToList());

Or you can use ToLookup, Basically ToLookup uses EqualityComparer<TKey>.Default to compare keys and do what you should do manually when using group by and to dictionary.
i think it's excuted inmemory

 ILookup<int, string> results = persons.ToLookup(
            person => person.PersonID,
            person => person.car);
┾廆蒐ゝ 2024-12-10 12:06:36

另一种方法是选择不同的 PersonId 并使用 persons 进行分组:

var result = 
    from id in persons.Select(x => x.PersonId).Distinct()
    join p2 in persons on id equals p2.PersonId into gr // apply group join here
    select new 
    {
        PersonId = id,
        Cars = gr.Select(x => x.Car).ToList(),
    };

或者使用流畅的 API 语法:

var result = persons.Select(x => x.PersonId).Distinct()
    .GroupJoin(persons, id => id, p => p.PersonId, (id, gr) => new
    {
        PersonId = id,
        Cars = gr.Select(x => x.Car).ToList(),
    });

GroupJoin 生成第一个列表中的条目列表(列表在我们的例子中是 PersonId),每个列表在第二个列表(persons 列表)中都有一组连接的条目。

An alternative way to do this could be select distinct PersonId and group join with persons:

var result = 
    from id in persons.Select(x => x.PersonId).Distinct()
    join p2 in persons on id equals p2.PersonId into gr // apply group join here
    select new 
    {
        PersonId = id,
        Cars = gr.Select(x => x.Car).ToList(),
    };

Or the same with fluent API syntax:

var result = persons.Select(x => x.PersonId).Distinct()
    .GroupJoin(persons, id => id, p => p.PersonId, (id, gr) => new
    {
        PersonId = id,
        Cars = gr.Select(x => x.Car).ToList(),
    });

GroupJoin produces a list of entries in the first list ( list of PersonId in our case), each with a group of joined entries in the second list (list of persons).

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