清除字符串变量
我写了这个小实验引导程序,它有一个 getline 和 print_string “函数”。引导内容取自 MikeOS 教程,但其余部分是我自己编写的。我使用 NASM 编译它并在 QEMU 中运行它。
所以实际的问题是:我在第 6 行声明了这个变量 curInpLn。用户输入的任何内容都会保存在该变量上,然后在按下 Enter 键后,它会向用户显示一些附加消息。我想做的是每次调用 getline 函数时清除 curInpLn 的内容,但由于某种原因我无法做到这一点。目前我还是 Assmebly 的初学者。
您可以将代码编译为 bin 格式,然后使用以下命令创建它的软盘映像:“dd status=noxfer conv=notrunc if=FILENAME.bin of=FILENAME.flp”,并使用以下命令在 qemu 中运行它:“qemu -fda FILENAME.flp”。扑通”
BITS 16
jmp start
welcomeSTR: db 'Welcome!',0
promptSTR: db 'Please prompt something: ',0
responseSTR: db 'You prompted: ',0
curInpLn: times 80 db 0 ;this is a variable to hold the input 'command'
curCharCnt: dw 0
curLnNum: dw 1
start:
mov ax, 07C0h ; Set up 4K stack space after this bootloader
add ax, 288 ; (4096 + 512) / 16 bytes per paragraph
mov ss, ax
mov sp, 4096
mov ax, 07C0h ; Set data segment to where we're loaded
mov ds, ax
call clear_screen
lea bx, [welcomeSTR] ; Put string position into SI
call print_string
call new_line
.waitCMD:
lea bx, [promptSTR]
call print_string
call getLine ; Call our string-printing routine
jmp .waitCMD
getLine:
cld
mov cx, 80 ;number of loops for loopne
mov di, 0 ;offset to bx
lea bx, [curInpLn] ;the address of our string
.gtlLoop:
mov ah, 00h ;This is an bios interrupt to
int 16h ;wait for a keypress and save it to al
cmp al, 08h ;see if backspace was pressed
je .gtlRemChar ;if so, jump
mov [bx+di], al ;effective address of our curInpLn string
inc di ;is saved in bx, di is an offset where we will
;insert our char in al
cmp al, 0Dh ;see if character typed is car-return (enter)
je .gtlDone ;if so, jump
mov ah, 0Eh ;bios interrupt to show the char in al
int 10h
.gtlCont:
loopne .gtlLoop ;loopne loops until cx is zero
jmp .gtlDone
.gtlRemChar:
;mov [bx][di-1], 0 ;this needs to be solved. NASM gives error on this.
dec di
jmp .gtlCont
.gtlDone:
call new_line
lea bx, [responseSTR]
call print_string
mov [curCharCnt], di ;save the amount of chars entered to a var
lea bx, [curInpLn]
call print_string
call new_line
ret
print_string: ; Routine: output string in SI to screen
mov si, bx
mov ah, 0Eh ; int 10h 'print char' function
.repeat:
lodsb ; Get character from string
cmp al, 0
je .done ; If char is zero, end of string
int 10h ; Otherwise, print it
jmp .repeat
.done:
ret
new_line:
mov ax, [curLnNum]
inc ax
mov [curLnNum], ax
mov ah, 02h
mov dl, 0
mov dh, [curLnNum]
int 10h
ret
clear_screen:
push ax
mov ax, 3
int 10h
pop ax
ret
times 510-($-$$) db 0 ; Pad remainder of boot sector with 0s
dw 0xAA55 ; The standard PC boot signature
I have writen this little experiement bootstrap that has a getline and print_string "functions". The boot stuff is taken from MikeOS tutorial but the rest I have writen myself. I compile this with NASM and run it in QEMU.
So the actual question: I've declared this variable curInpLn on line 6. What ever the user types is saved on that variable and then after enter is hit it is displayed to the user with some additional messages. What I'd like to do is to clear the contents of curInpLn each time the getline function is called but for some reason I can't manage to do that. I'm quite the beginner with Assmebly at the moment.
You can compile the code to bin format and then create a floppy image of it with: "dd status=noxfer conv=notrunc if=FILENAME.bin of=FILENAME.flp" and run it in qemu with: "qemu -fda FILENAME.flp"
BITS 16
jmp start
welcomeSTR: db 'Welcome!',0
promptSTR: db 'Please prompt something: ',0
responseSTR: db 'You prompted: ',0
curInpLn: times 80 db 0 ;this is a variable to hold the input 'command'
curCharCnt: dw 0
curLnNum: dw 1
start:
mov ax, 07C0h ; Set up 4K stack space after this bootloader
add ax, 288 ; (4096 + 512) / 16 bytes per paragraph
mov ss, ax
mov sp, 4096
mov ax, 07C0h ; Set data segment to where we're loaded
mov ds, ax
call clear_screen
lea bx, [welcomeSTR] ; Put string position into SI
call print_string
call new_line
.waitCMD:
lea bx, [promptSTR]
call print_string
call getLine ; Call our string-printing routine
jmp .waitCMD
getLine:
cld
mov cx, 80 ;number of loops for loopne
mov di, 0 ;offset to bx
lea bx, [curInpLn] ;the address of our string
.gtlLoop:
mov ah, 00h ;This is an bios interrupt to
int 16h ;wait for a keypress and save it to al
cmp al, 08h ;see if backspace was pressed
je .gtlRemChar ;if so, jump
mov [bx+di], al ;effective address of our curInpLn string
inc di ;is saved in bx, di is an offset where we will
;insert our char in al
cmp al, 0Dh ;see if character typed is car-return (enter)
je .gtlDone ;if so, jump
mov ah, 0Eh ;bios interrupt to show the char in al
int 10h
.gtlCont:
loopne .gtlLoop ;loopne loops until cx is zero
jmp .gtlDone
.gtlRemChar:
;mov [bx][di-1], 0 ;this needs to be solved. NASM gives error on this.
dec di
jmp .gtlCont
.gtlDone:
call new_line
lea bx, [responseSTR]
call print_string
mov [curCharCnt], di ;save the amount of chars entered to a var
lea bx, [curInpLn]
call print_string
call new_line
ret
print_string: ; Routine: output string in SI to screen
mov si, bx
mov ah, 0Eh ; int 10h 'print char' function
.repeat:
lodsb ; Get character from string
cmp al, 0
je .done ; If char is zero, end of string
int 10h ; Otherwise, print it
jmp .repeat
.done:
ret
new_line:
mov ax, [curLnNum]
inc ax
mov [curLnNum], ax
mov ah, 02h
mov dl, 0
mov dh, [curLnNum]
int 10h
ret
clear_screen:
push ax
mov ax, 3
int 10h
pop ax
ret
times 510-($-$) db 0 ; Pad remainder of boot sector with 0s
dw 0xAA55 ; The standard PC boot signature
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我已经 20 年没有用汇编编写代码了(!),但看起来您需要使用“stosw”指令(或“stosb”)。 STOSB 将 AL 中保存的值加载到 ES:DI 指向的字节,而 STOSSW 将 AX 中保存的值加载到 ES:DI 指向的字。该指令自动使指针前进。由于变量 curInpLn 长 80 个字节,因此您可以通过 40 次 STOSW 迭代来清除它。此
方法可能是清除变量的最快方法,因为它不需要 CPU 从预取队列中检索任何指令。事实上,它允许预取队列填满,从而允许任何后续指令尽快执行。
I haven't written code in Assembly for 20 years (!), but it looks like you need to use the 'stosw' instruction (or 'stosb'). STOSB loads the value held in AL to the byte pointed to by ES:DI, whereas STOSSW loads the value held in AX to the word pointed to by ES:DI. The instruction automatically advances the pointer. As your variable curInpLn is 80 bytes long, you can clear it with 40 iterations of STOSW. Something like
This method is probably the quickest method of clearing the variable as it doesn't require the CPU to retrieve any instructions from the pre-fetch queue. In fact, it allows the pre-fetch queue to fill up, thus allowing any following instructions to execute as quickly as possible.