无法让 @Transactional 在 Spring 3 中正常工作

Question

更新：抱歉，我似乎忘记了一些事情......请参阅帖子底部的dispatcher-servlet.xml以及调用@Repository的bean：

由于某种原因，我似乎无法让它工作。我在 em.flush() 调用中不断收到以下异常：

这是异常：

2011-08-29 00:29:32,142 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet] - <DispatcherServlet with name 'dispatcher' processing GET request for [/orphanware.com/]>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,142 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping] - <Mapping [/] to HandlerExecutionChain with handler [com.orphanware.web.controller.HomeController@55ca6954] and 2 interceptors>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,143 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet] - <Last-Modified value for [/orphanware.com/] is: -1>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,143 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker] - <Invoking request handler method: public java.lang.String com.orphanware.web.controller.HomeController.index(java.util.Map)>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,144 DEBUG [org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler] - <Creating new EntityManager for shared EntityManager invocation>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,144 DEBUG [org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl] - <opened session at timestamp: 13146029721>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,144 DEBUG [org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractSaveEventListener] - <generated identifier: 111, using strategy: org.hibernate.id.SequenceHiLoGenerator>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,145 DEBUG [org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryUtils] - <Closing JPA EntityManager>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,145 DEBUG [org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler] - <Creating new EntityManager for shared EntityManager invocation>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,146 DEBUG [org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl] - <opened session at timestamp: 13146029721>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,146 DEBUG [org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryUtils] - <Closing JPA EntityManager>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,147 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerExceptionResolver] - <Resolving exception from handler [com.orphanware.web.controller.HomeController@55ca6954]: javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,147 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.ResponseStatusExceptionResolver] - <Resolving exception from handler [com.orphanware.web.controller.HomeController@55ca6954]: javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,147 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver] - <Resolving exception from handler [com.orphanware.web.controller.HomeController@55ca6954]: javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress>
2011-08-29 00:29:32,148 DEBUG [org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet] - <Could not complete request>
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.flush(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:301)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:365)
    at $Proxy15.flush(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:240)
    at $Proxy15.flush(Unknown Source)
    at com.orphanware.web.dao.SampleDao.saveSample(SampleDao.java:22)
    at com.orphanware.web.services.SampleService.saveSample(SampleService.java:23)
    at com.orphanware.web.controller.HomeController.index(HomeController.java:24)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.sitemesh.webapp.contentfilter.ContentBufferingFilter.bufferAndPostProcess(ContentBufferingFilter.java:169)
    at org.sitemesh.webapp.contentfilter.ContentBufferingFilter.doFilter(ContentBufferingFilter.java:126)
    at org.sitemesh.config.ConfigurableSiteMeshFilter.doFilter(ConfigurableSiteMeshFilter.java:157)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:857)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)
Aug 29, 2011 12:29:32 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet dispatcher threw exception
javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException: no transaction is in progress
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.flush(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:301)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:365)
    at $Proxy15.flush(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:240)
    at $Proxy15.flush(Unknown Source)
    at com.orphanware.web.dao.SampleDao.saveSample(SampleDao.java:22)
    at com.orphanware.web.services.SampleService.saveSample(SampleService.java:23)
    at com.orphanware.web.controller.HomeController.index(HomeController.java:24)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617)
    at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.sitemesh.webapp.contentfilter.ContentBufferingFilter.bufferAndPostProcess(ContentBufferingFilter.java:169)
    at org.sitemesh.webapp.contentfilter.ContentBufferingFilter.doFilter(ContentBufferingFilter.java:126)
    at org.sitemesh.config.ConfigurableSiteMeshFilter.doFilter(ConfigurableSiteMeshFilter.java:157)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:102)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:298)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:857)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:588)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:489)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)

applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd"> 

    <!-- entity manager factory -->

    <bean id="emf"
          class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
         <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaVendorAdapter" />
    </bean>

    <!-- jpaVendorAdapter (works in conjunction with the persistence.xml) -->

    <bean id="jpaVendorAdapter"
          class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
        <property name="database" value="HSQL" />
        <property name="showSql" value="true" />
        <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect" />
    </bean>


    <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />

    <tx:annotation-driven 
         transaction-manager="transactionManager" 
         proxy-target-class="false" />

    <bean id="transactionManager" 
          class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="emf" />
    </bean>

</beans>

这是存储库代码：

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.orphanware.web.domain.SampleEntity;

@Repository
@Transactional
public class SampleDao {

    @PersistenceContext(unitName="appPU")
    private EntityManager em;

    public void saveSample(SampleEntity sample) {
        em.persist(sample);
        em.flush();
    }

    public SampleEntity getSample(long id) {
        return em.find(SampleEntity.class, id);
    }
}

这是调用此存储库的服务：

package com.orphanware.web.services;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.orphanware.web.dao.SampleDao;
import com.orphanware.web.domain.SampleEntity;

@Service
public class SampleService {

    @Autowired
    private SampleDao sampleDao;

    public void saveSample(String name){
        SampleEntity se = new SampleEntity();
        se.setName(name);

        sampleDao.saveSample(se);
    }

    public SampleEntity getSample(long id) {
        return sampleDao.getSample(id);
    }
}

以及调用该服务的控制器：

package com.orphanware.web.controller;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.orphanware.web.domain.SampleEntity;
import com.orphanware.web.services.SampleService;

@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @Autowired
    private SampleService sampleService;

    @RequestMapping({"/home", "/"})
    public String index(Map<String, Object> model) {
        String[] stuff ={"stuff0", "stuff1", "stuff3"};

        for(String item : stuff) {
        sampleService.saveSample(item);
        }

        SampleEntity firstOne = sampleService.getSample(0);

        model.put("myVar", firstOne.name);
        return "home/index";
    }
}

最后是Dispatcher-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">

    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.orphanware.web" />
    <context:annotation-config />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

如果我不调用刷新，那么我不会收到异常，但不会保留任何内容。我也尝试过在方法上添加 @Transactional 注释并更改传播等...

任何帮助将不胜感激。也许我只是看得太久了

Answer 1

您似乎忘记为您的软件包启用组件扫描，请尝试将以下行添加到您的配置中。

<context:component-scan base-package="com.orphanware" />

如果您简化了示例并在实际代码自调用中使用，这可能是一个问题：
（来自参考文档）

在代理模式（默认）下，只有通过代理传入的“外部”方法调用才会被拦截。这意味着“自调用”，即目标对象中的方法调用目标对象的其他方法，即使调用的方法标有@Transactional，也不会在运行时导致实际事务！

Answer 2

好吧，事实证明我是个白痴（像往常一样）。这些行：

<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.orphanware.web" />
<context:annotation-config />

不属于dispatcher-servlet.xml。堆垛机部分正确。这些行属于它们使用的上下文。在本例中是在 applicationContext.xml 中。 （实际上我不确定资源之一，但其余的我是）

Answer 3

我清楚地看到你的问题，因为我也遇到了同样的问题，我会告诉你原因。简单地说，您有 来扫描位于 servlet 上下文中的 @Controller beans，以及其他的手上有 @Service 和 @Repository bean 可以在 applicationContext.xml 中扫描，但您根本没有用扫描标签提及它。这就是为什么您只需在 applicationContext.xml 中添加以下标签：

和

扫描包裹。

仅此而已，我的朋友！

祝你好运！