使用 Winsock 接收分块 HTTP 数据

Question

我在使用winsock 读取一些分块的HTTP 响应数据时遇到问题。 我发送了一个请求，并得到以下信息：

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: LMAX/1.0
Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Mon, 29 Aug 2011 16:22:19 GMT

使用winsock recv。但此时它只是挂起。我让侦听器在无限循环中运行，但什么也没有接收到。

我认为这是一个 C++ 问题，但也可能与我通过 stunnel 推送连接以将其包装在 HTTPS 内这一事实有关。我有一个使用 C# 中的一些库的测试应用程序，它可以通过 stunnel 完美运行。我很困惑为什么我的循环在初始接收后没有接收到 C++ 分块数据。

这是有问题的循环...它是在上面的分块 ok 响应之后调用的...

while(true)
{
    recvBuf= (char*)calloc(DEFAULT_BUFLEN, sizeof(char)); 
    iRes = recv(ConnectSocket, recvBuf, DEFAULT_BUFLEN, 0);
    cout << WSAGetLastError() << endl;
    cout << "Recv: " << recvBuf << endl;
    if (iRes==SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        cout << recvBuf << endl;
        err = WSAGetLastError();
        wprintf(L"WSARecv failed with error: %d\n", err);
        break;
    }     

}

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

您需要更改您的阅读代码。您无法像您尝试那样使用固定长度缓冲区读取分块数据。数据以可变长度块的形式发送，其中每个块都有一个标头，该标头指定该块的实际长度（以字节为单位），并且数据的最终块的长度为 0。您需要读取分块标头才能正确处理块。请阅读 RFC 2616 第 3.6.1 节。您的逻辑需要更像以下伪代码：

send request;

status = recv() a line of text until CRLF;
parse status as needed;
response-code = extract response-code from status;
response-version = extract response-version from status;

do
{
    line = recv() a line of text until CRLF;
    if (line is blank)
        break;
    store line in headers list;
}
while (true);

parse headers list as needed;

if ((response-code is not in [1xx, 204, 304]) and (request was not "HEAD"))
{
    if (Transfer-Encoding header is present and not "identity")
    {
        do
        {
            line = recv a line of text until CRLF;
            length = extract length from line;
            extensions = extract extensions from line;
            process extensions as needed; // optional
            if (length == 0)
                break;
            recv() length number of bytes into destination buffer;
            recv() and discard bytes until CRLF;
        }
        while (true);

        do
        {
            line = recv a line of text until CRLF;
            if (line is blank)
                break;
            store line in headers list as needed;
        }
        while (true);

        re-parse headers list as needed;
    }
    else if (Content-Length header is present)
    {
        recv() Content-Length number of bytes into destination buffer;
    }
    else if (Content-Type header starts with "multipart/")
    {
        boundary = extract boundary from Content-Type's "boundary" attribute;
        recv() data into destination buffer until MIME termination boundary is reached;
    }
    else
    {
        recv() data into destination buffer until disconnected;
    }
}

if (not disconnected)
{
    if (response-version is "HTTP/1.1")
    {
        if (Connection header is "close")
            close connection;
    }
    else
    {
        if (Connection header is not "keep-alive")
            close connection;
    }
}

check response-code for errors;
process destination buffer, per info in headers list;

Answer 2

事实上，您没有收到分块的内容，但内容已分块。您必须为自己绘制一幅您收到的缓冲区的外观图。这并不像你当时收到一大块。有时您有前一个块的一些数据，指示新块大小的行，后面跟着一些块数据。有时您只收到一点块数据。另一次是一些块数据和指示新块的行的一部分，等等。想象一下最坏的情况，这并不容易。阅读此内容：http://www.jmarshall.com/easy/http/

之前您可以使用以下代码接收所有标头直到空行。缓冲区中内容的起始位置是nContentStart。该代码使用了一些我无法共享的内部类，但您应该明白这个想法；）据我测试，它按预期工作并且不会泄漏内存。尽管这并不容易，但我不能完全确定！

    if (bChunked)
    {
        int nOffset = nContentStart;
        int nChunkLen = 0;
        int nCopyLen;

        while (true)
        {
            if (nOffset >= nDataLen)
                {pData->SetSize(0); Close(); ASSERTRETURN(false);}

            // copy data of previous chunk to caller's buffer

            if (nChunkLen > 0)
            {
                nCopyLen = min(nChunkLen, nDataLen - nOffset);
                n = pData->GetSize();
                pData->SetSize(n + nCopyLen);
                memcpy(pData->GetPtr() + n, buf.GetPtr() + nOffset, nCopyLen);
                nChunkLen -= nCopyLen;
                ASSERT(nChunkLen >= 0);

                nOffset += nCopyLen;
                if (nChunkLen == 0)
                    nOffset += strlen(lpszLineBreak);
                ASSERT(nOffset <= nDataLen);
            }

            // when previous chunk is copied completely, process new chunk

            if (nChunkLen == 0 && nOffset < nDataLen)
            {
                // chunk length is specified on first line

                p1 = buf.GetPtr() + nOffset;
                p2 = strstr(p1, lpszLineBreak);

                while (!p2) // if we can't find the line break receive more data until we do
                {
                    buf.SetSize(nDataLen + RECEIVE_BUFFER_SIZE + 1);
                    nReceived = m_socket.Receive((BYTE*)buf.GetPtr() + nDataLen, RECEIVE_BUFFER_SIZE);

                    if (nReceived == -1)
                        {pData->SetSize(0); Close(); ASSERTRETURN(false);} // connection error
                    if (nReceived == 0)
                        {pData->SetSize(0); Close(); ASSERTRETURN(false);} // all data already received but did not find line break

                    nDataLen += nReceived;
                    buf[nDataLen] = 0;

                    p1 = buf.GetPtr() + nOffset; // address of buffer likely changed
                    p2 = strstr(p1, lpszLineBreak);
                }

                *p2 = 0;
                p2 += strlen(lpszLineBreak);

                p3 = strchr(p1, ';');
                if (p3)
                    *p3 = 0;

                if (sscanf(p1, "%X", &nChunkLen) != 1)
                    {pData->SetSize(0); Close(); ASSERTRETURN(false);}

                if (nChunkLen < 0)
                    {pData->SetSize(0); Close(); ASSERTRETURN(false);}

                if (nChunkLen == 0)
                    break; // last chunk received

                // copy the following chunk data to caller's buffer

                nCopyLen = min(nChunkLen, buf.GetPtr() + nDataLen - p2);
                n = pData->GetSize();
                pData->SetSize(n + nCopyLen);
                memcpy(pData->GetPtr() + n, p2, nCopyLen);
                nChunkLen -= nCopyLen;
                ASSERT(nChunkLen >= 0);

                nOffset = (p2 - buf.GetPtr()) + nCopyLen;
                if (nChunkLen == 0)
                    nOffset += strlen(lpszLineBreak);

                if (nChunkLen == 0 && nOffset < nDataLen)
                    continue; // a new chunk starts in this buffer at nOffset, no need to receive more data
            }

            // receive more data

            buf.SetSize(RECEIVE_BUFFER_SIZE + 1);
            nDataLen = m_socket.Receive((BYTE*)buf.GetPtr(), RECEIVE_BUFFER_SIZE);
            if (nDataLen == -1)
                {pData->SetSize(0); Close(); ASSERTRETURN(false);}
            if (nDataLen == 0)
                {pData->SetSize(0); Close(); ASSERTRETURN(false);}
            buf[nDataLen] = 0;

            nOffset = 0;
        }

        // TODO: receive optional footers and add them to m_headers
    }