如何使用jquery $.post确保变量以UTF8提交
我已经为此苦苦挣扎了三天，这就是我所得到的，我不明白为什么我会看到这种行为。
我的问题是我有一个 MySql 西班牙语数据库，其字符集和排序规则定义为 utf8_general_ci。当我像这样“DELETE FROM CountryNames WHERE Country = '$name'”查询delete.php中的数据库时，
指定的行不会被删除。我通过 post 变量 $name=$_post['data'] 在 delete.php 中设置变量 $name 。大多数 $name 获取西班牙语字符的值，例如 español、México 等。delete.php 文件从 main.php 调用。如果我从 main.php 发送帖子消息 $.post("delete.php", {data:filename}); ，查询不会删除条目（尽管“文件名”字符串采用 utf8 格式），但如果我创建一个表单，然后在 main.php 中发布我的数据变量，则查询有效！对我来说最大的问题是为什么我必须提交表格才能进行查询？我看到的是，如果该值来自 jquery post 调用，则我的数据库会拒绝该值，但如果该值来自提交的表单，则数据库会接受该值。 （我没有对查询进行任何代码更改。只需通过提交表单来发布值）
I have been struggling with this for three days now and this is what i have got and i cannot understand why i am seeing this behavior.
my problem is that i have a MySql spanish db with char set and collation defined as utf8_general_ci. when i query the data base in delete.php like this "DELETE FROM countryNames WHERE country = '$name'"
the specified row doesnot get deleted. i am setting the variable $name in delete.php through a post variable $name=$_post['data'] . mostly $name gets the value in spanish characters e.g español, México etc. the delete.php file gets called from main.php.if i send a post message from main.php $.post("delete.php", {data:filename}); , the query doesnot deletes the entry (although the 'filename' string is in utf8) but if i create a form and then post my data variable in main.php, the query works!! the big question to me is why do i have to submit a form for the query to work? what im seeing is my database rejects the value if it comes from a jquery post call but accepts it when its from a submitted form. (i make no code change for the query to work. just post the value by submiting the form)
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首先，要查看请求使用的字符集，请安装 Firebug 之类的东西并检查请求/响应的“Content-Type”标头。它看起来像“application/json;”字符集=...'。在您的情况下，这应该是
charset=utf-8。我猜为什么它在发布表单时起作用可能是因为 x-www-form-urlencoded - 非字母数字字符在客户端额外编码并在服务器上再次解码，这是与直接发布数据的区别。
这意味着某个地方存在错误的编码。默认情况下，PHP 对待字符串与其编码无关，因此我倾向于将其排除为错误来源。
jQuery.post默认情况下也使用 UTF-8...所以我怀疑是filename变量。你确定它是UTF-8格式的吗？您在哪里以及如何检索它？您可能还应该确保实际的 HTML 页面也以 UTF-8 形式发送，而不是以 iso-8859-1 形式发送。请查看这篇文章，了解如何正确使用的详细说明。
First of all, to see what charset ìs used for requests, install something like Firebug and check the 'Content-Type' header of your request/response. It will look something like 'application/json; charset=...'. This should be
charset=utf-8in your case.My guess why it worked when posting a form is probably because of x-www-form-urlencoded - non-alphanumeric characters are additionally encoded on the client side and again decoded on the server, that's the difference to posting the data directly.
This means that somewhere there is a wrong encoding at work. PHP treats your strings agnostic to its encoding by default, so I would tend to rule it out as the source of the error.
jQuery.postalso uses UTF-8 by default... so my suspect is thefilenamevariable. Are you sure it is in UTF-8? Where and how do you retrieve it?You should probably also ensure that the actual HTML page is also sent as UTF-8 and not, let's say iso-8859-1. Have a look at this article for a thorough explanation on how to get it right.
伙计们，这是 Mac 的问题！我刚刚在 Windows 上测试了它作为我的服务器，现在一切正常。因此，当您使用 Mac 作为服务器并使用 UTF8 作为字符集和排序规则的 MySql 时要小心。我猜 Mac 以某种不同的编码而不是 UTF-8 存储文件夹和文件名。
guys this was a Mac problem!! i just tested it on windows as my server and now everything works fine. So beware when u r using Mac as a server with MySql having UTF8 as charset and collation. I guess the Mac stores the folder and file name in some different encoding and not UTF-8.
您的答案可能在这里：如何在 .getJSON JQuery 中设置编码
正如它所说，使用
$.ajax而不是$.post并且您可以设置编码。或者，正如第二个答案中所述，使用
$.ajaxSetup相应地设置编码。You answer might be here: How to set encoding in .getJSON JQuery
As it says there, use
$.ajaxinstead of$.postand you can set encoding.OR, as it says in the 2nd answer use
$.ajaxSetupto set the encoding accordingly.使用 .serialize() ！我认为它会起作用。更多信息：http://api.jquery.com/serialize/
Use .serialize() ! I think it will work. More info: http://api.jquery.com/serialize/